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Biomedical subjects

S Uzan

Publications and source records attributed to S Uzan.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Do racial differences exist in second-trimester maternal hCG levels? A study of 23,369 patients.

In Down syndrome screening by maternal serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) determination at 15, 16, 17, and 18 weeks of gestation, we prospectively examined 23,369 sera from white (21,549), North African (970), black African (525), and Asian (325) patients. When expressed as multiples of the median (MOM), no difference was observed between white, North African, and black African patients. However, higher serum hCG concentrations were noted in Asians, for whom we therefore recommend correction of hCG values before calculation of the risk of Down syndrome.

Asian People↗
PubMed1994

[Quality of life analysis in patients treated for breast cancers].

OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the different quality of life parameters in treated breast cancer patients. TYPE OF STUDY: Retrospective analysis from 1977 to 1987. STUDY SITE: Bichat, Lariboisière and Tenon Hospitals. PATIENTS: 239 operated patients, with or without irradiation following or before chemotherapy, with or without hormonotherapy. Patients were divided into 4 groups according to age. STUDY PARAMETERS: Essentially, gynaecologic consequences of treatments (flush, menstrual cycles, fertility, vaginal dryness, breast reconstruction), effect of tamoxifen on genital organs and osteopenia. MAIN RESULTS: Tamoxifen acts as an oestrogen both on genital organs and bones. CONCLUSION: The impact of substitutive hormone therapy on quality of life should be evaluated in randomized studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Evaluation of urinary rapid strip-tests for screening of urinary infection in pregnant women].

Repeated screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria using a reagent strip-test was conducted in a population of 859 pregnant women. The women performed 4,125 tests at home, and 2,867 tests were performed by the nursing staff at the antenatal clinics. The tests done by the women at home had a higher predictive value than the tests done in the antenatal clinics (24% versus 10%). The sensitivity was 47%, specificity 90% and negative predictive value 98.8%. The tests performed by the women at home were well accepted and detected.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1993

[Pregnancy nephropathies].

Our understanding of the pathophysiology underlying the hypertensive diseases of pregnancy has clearly progressed during the past ten years. The key phenomenon is an early defect of placentation occurring at the end of the first trimester and associated with a more widespread endothelial disorder. This results in early activation of the coagulation cascade and imbalance between prostacyclin and thromboxanes. Hypertension and proteinuria only occur after several weeks or months of placental dysfunction. This explains why antihypertensive treatments are ineffective in improving the prognosis of such pregnancies. In contrast, early preventive treatments, such as antiplatelet therapy, seem to be very promising for these patients. In this respect, early prediction of the risk associated with pregnancy has become a key goal.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Hypertension and pregnancy: physiopathology, treatment, prevention].

Pathophysiologic understanding of the hypertensive diseases of pregnancy has largely progressed in the past 10 years. The key phenomenon is an early defect of placentation, occurring at the end of first trimester. It is associated with a more global endothelial disorder. This results in early activation of coagulation, and an imbalance between prostacyclin and thromboxanes. Hypertension and proteinuria only occur after several weeks or months of placental dysfunction. This explains why antihypertensive treatments are ineffective in improving the prognosis of such pregnancies. On the contrary, early preventive treatments, such as antiplatelet therapy, seem very promising for those patients.

Female↗
PubMed1993

Influence of specific albumin ligand markers used as modifiers on the separation of benzodiazepine enantiomers by chiral liquid chromatography on a human serum albumin column.

Specific ligand markers for the various binding sites of human serum albumin (HSA) have been described in the literature. Some of these markers (medium chain fatty acids, warfarin, digoxin, and bilirubin) were used as mobile phase modifiers. Using a high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) column containing HSA as stationary phase, their influence was investigated on the separation in this phase of the enantiomers of three benzodiazepines (temazepam, oxazepam, and lorazepam). Displacement effects were observed with medium chain fatty acids. This influence was proportional to the chain length and to the concentration of acid. Allosteric cooperative effects were noted with digoxin for the three benzodiazepines. Both displacement and cooperative effects were observed with warfarin. Stereoselectivity was decreased for temazepam and oxazepam and increased for lorazepam.

Anti-Anxiety Agents↗
PubMed1993

Poor antenatal care and pregnancy outcome.

OBJECTIVES: To characterize women receiving poor antenatal care and assess their perinatal risk. DESIGN: Computerized data. SETTING: Public hospital setting Paris (1987-1990). Comparison with representative sample in Ile-de-France region (n = 6423). METHODS: Poor attenders with less than 3 visits (n = 210) were compared with good attenders with 3 visits or more (n = 5631). RESULTS: Poor attenders were younger and had higher rates of perinatal mortality (4.7%), preterm delivery (Odds ratio 5.2:4.3-6.3) and low birth weight (Odds ratio 4.6:3.7-5.6). CONCLUSION: Women with poor antenatal care have a greater risk for adverse pregnancy outcome. This risk cannot be attributed to unfavourable living conditions only.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Percutaneous mitral commissurotomy during pregnancy].

This report analyses the efficacy and tolerance of percutaneous mitral commissurotomy (PMC) in 10 pregnant women with severe mitral stenosis. Pregnancy was the cause of decompensation of the mitral stenosis and surgery was not considered because of the foetal risk. PMC was undertaken after an average of 26 +/- 4 weeks of gestation (range 23-33 weeks). The average age of the patients was 28 +/- 6 years (range 20-41 years). Six patients were in NYHA Class III and 4 in Class IV despite medical treatment. Five patients had mild mitral regurgitation. Foetal protection was ensured by covering the mother's abdomen with a lead apron. The double balloon technique was used in 4 cases and Inoue's balloon in 6 patients. The average duration of fluoroscopy was 17 +/- 10 minutes (range 6-37 minutes). After PMC, the mean pulmonary artery pressure decreased from 47 +/- 12 mmHg to 31 +/- 11 mmHg (p = 0.005); two dimensional echocardiography showed an increase in mitral valve surface area from 1 +/- 0.2 cm2 to 2 +/- 0.3 cm2 (p = 0.005). There were no complications related to the procedure. The foetal heart rate was monitored continuously and no significant modification suggestive of foetal distress was recorded. The abdominal cutaneous dose of irradiation was less than 0.2 millisievert, which was minimal. All patients experienced a functional improvement after PMC. Nine delivered after an average gestation of 38 +/- 2 weeks (range 36-42 weeks) without cardiac decompensation. The average birth weight of the babies was 3.1 +/- 0.3 kg (range 2.9-3.7 kg).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Double-blind trial of promegestone (R 5020) and lynestrenol in the treatment of benign breast disease.

One hundred thirty-two women between the ages of 19 and 50, with various forms of benign breast diseases received 1 mg promegestone, or 0.5 mg promegestone, or 10 mg lynestrenol daily (double-blind), for 15 days per cycle, during three cycles. The groups were identical before treatment, with the exception of a longer history of mastodynia and mastopathies in the 1 mg promegestone group than in the lynestrenol group (P = 0.04) and a greater proportion of mastosis zones in the lynestrenol group as compared to the 0.500 mg promegestone group (P = 0.05). The effectiveness of lynestrenol both in terms of symptomatology (evaluated as good or excellent in 66.6% of the cases) and of clinical observations (evaluated as good or excellent in 59% of the cases) is not significantly different statistically from that of promegestone at 1 mg, whose effectiveness on symptomatology was good or excellent in 65.9% and 57.1% of the cases, respectively, or from that of promegestone at 0.5 mg/day (with 65% and 51.3% effectiveness, respectively). Clinical tolerance was rated good or excellent for 73.9% of the women on 1 mg promegestone and for 59.5% of the women on 0.500 mg promegestone, compared to 66.7% of the women on lynestrenol. No statistically significant difference was observed, neither between lynestrenol and promegestone 1 mg nor between lynestrenol and promegestone 0.5 mg. This study shows a clear improvement in functional and physical signs in patients treated with promegestone. Promegestone's efficacy is close to that of lynestrenol, a nonsteroidal progestin.2+ off

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Obstetric evolution of pregnancies obtained from donated oocytes.

Of 44 pregnancies obtained at the Tenon Maternity Hospital by in vitro fertilization (IVF) using donated oocytes, 25 have already been completed by spontaneous delivery or cesarean section: 22 (88%) single; 2 (8%) twins, and 1 (4%) triple. The most frequently seen complications of pregnancy were hypertension (16%) and preterm labor in the last 3 months (12%). However, as compared to a control group of 275 pregnancies resulting from classical IVF, the only difference was a very high percentage of cesarean sections (72%). No fetal deaths or neonatal malformations were reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Detection of 47,XYY trophoblast fetal cells in maternal blood by fluorescence in situ hybridization after using immunomagnetic lymphocyte depletion and flow cytometry sorting.

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) allows to diagnose aneuploidy in uncultured interphase nuclei. This rapid method of chromosomal analysis associated with cell-sorting techniques was realized on 47,XYY fetal cells isolated from maternal blood. Trophoblast cells were sorted by combining immunomagnetic removal of maternal lymphocytes and flow cytometry sorting using antitrophoblast monoclonal antibodies. Cells were sorted directly on slides and analyzed by FISH with a Y-centromeric probe. Among 1,387 examinable nuclei, 59 (4.25%) showed one single or two Y-specific domains.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1991

[Arterial hypertension in pregnancy. Role of maternal and fetal blood velocimetry].

Gravidic hypertension remains one of the most frequent causes of perinatal mortality and morbidity. There are two aims when investigating this disease: evaluate the gravity, try to find early signs of a risk of pre-eclampsia. This last point has become particularly important over the past few years because of the development of preventive treatment (platelet anti-agregates). Mother and fetal blood velocimetry play a more and more important role. Three measurement sites appear to have different and complementary importance: for long-term prediction, measuring the velocimetric index of the uterin artery seems the most interesting because it schematically explores the type of placentations; for mid-term, measuring the ombilical artery evaluates placenta resistance, an essential factor in chronic fetal suffering; at short-term, measuring the fetal cerebral and carotid vessels explores the hemodynamic reactions of fetal adaptation to fetal suffering.

Adult↗