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Biomedical subjects

S Umeki

Publications and source records attributed to S Umeki.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Studies on relationships between the inhibition of human neutrophil NADPH oxidase by anti-inflammatory drugs and development of bacterial infections].

The effects of anti-inflammatory drugs (acetylsalicylic acid, ASA; salicylic acid, SA; indomethacin, IM; hydrocortisone, HC) on the respiratory burst oxidase (NADPH oxidase) from human neutrophils in both whole cell and fully soluble (cell-free) systems were investigated. These drugs were found to inhibit the superoxide generation by human neutrophils exposed to phorbol myristate acetate in a whole cell system and the activation of superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase by sodium dodecyl sulfate in cell-free systems. Concentrations of these drugs required for 50% inhibition of the oxidase (ID50) were; ASA (more than 3.0 mM in the whole cell system and 1.35 mM in the cell-free system), SA (more than 3.0 mM in the whole cell system and 1.30 mM in the cell-free system), IM (180 microM in both systems) and HC (50 microM in the whole cell system and 40 microM in the cell-free system). In addition, these drugs time-dependently inhibited the activation of NADPH oxidase in cell-free systems. In the cell-free system, all of the drugs did not change the Km values for NADPH of the oxidase. These results suggest that these anti-inflammatory drugs, especially HC and IM, inhibit the reconstitution (activation) of neutrophil NADPH oxidase enzyme in the cell-free (whole cell) system.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A case of intrapulmonary schwannoma that should be distinguished from lung cancer].

A 32-year-old woman was referred to our division because of abnormal shadow on a chest X-ray film taken at an annual health survey. Chest X-ray films and chest CT scanning revealed a smooth-surface mass at the left hilus. A bronchoscopic examination revealed severe extraluminal compression in the left basal bronchus but no visible tumors. Surgical treatment was performed on the suspicion of lung cancer. Since the intraoperative frozen section examination revealed a benign tumor, the tumor mass was resected. Based on intraoperative and pathological findings, benign intrapulmonary schwannoma associated with the left basal bronchus was diagnosed. Only 15 cases of intrapulmonary schwannoma have been reported in Japan.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Foreign body-induced bronchial actinomycosis with severe stenosis that must be distinguished from lung cancer].

A 59-year-old woman who accidentally swallowed a foreign body (fish bone) 9 months ago was admitted to our hospital because of cough, hemosputum and sleep wheezing for two months. Chest roentgenograms and chest CT scanning revealed severe stenosis of the right lower lobe bronchus and truncus intermedius, suggesting lung cancer. Bronchoscopic examination revealed an intrabronchial foreign body. The biopsy specimen from granulation tissue revealed bronchial actinomycosis. The foreign body was removed bronchoscopically after an extensive chemotherapy with penicillin G (for actinomycosis) and prednisolone (for granulation tissue of the bronchus). This was considered to be a rare case of bronchial actinomycosis without a pulmonary lesion produced by a foreign body.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1990

[A case of massive hemoptysis occurring after lung injury due to a torn segment of pleural calcification].

A 64-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of little improvement of hemoptysis lasting three days after drug therapy. A chest roentgenogram and fiberoptic bronchoscopic examination performed on the second hospital day when the patient experienced a massive hemoptysis of about 2,000 ml revealed arterial bleeding from the left upper lobe. Even after extensive embolizations of the left upper bronchial, the first, second, third and 4th intercostal arteries, the patient's hemoptysis did not improve. On the 73rd hospital day the patient underwent left upper lobectomy. Macroscopic and microscopic examinations in the resected specimen revealed lung injury due to a torn segment of pleural calcification after tuberculous pleuritis, resulting in the massive hemoptysis. Although physicians encounter many patients complaining of hemoptysis and/or hemosputum, this case is considered to be very rare.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1990

[A case of hemoptysis due to administration of an anti-thrombotic drug].

A 63-year-old woman was referred to our division because of massive hemoptysis (200 ml) after administration of ticlopidine, an anti-thrombotic drug, for prevention of recurrent brain infarction. Ticlopidine treatment was stopped on the first hospital day, thereafter the patient's hemoptysis immediately disappeared. A chest roentgenogram and broncho-fiberscopic examination did not reveal any organic lesion associated with hemoptysis. Laboratory data revealed prolonged bleeding time and decreased platelet aggregation, suggesting that the patient had had a hemorrhagic diathesis associated with the administration of ticlopidine. Although many anti-thrombotic drugs have been recently employed in a variety of clinical cases, the patient's hemoptysis was considered to be due to side effects.

Cerebral Infarction↗
PubMed1990

[Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung detected during maintenance hemodialysis which reduced in size after combined CDDP chemotherapy].

A 52-year-old man receiving maintenance hemodialysis for 6 years was referred to our division for further evaluation and additional therapy for cough and hemosputum lasting 2 months, and for examination of a chest roentgenographic abnormality. Transbronchial lung biopsy specimens revealed squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. A total of 8 courses of anticancer chemotherapy with 25-30 mg/m2 of CDDP performed biweekly resulted in a partial remission (56%) but no side effects, including gastrointestinal damage and agranulocytosis. Few cases of lung cancer receiving anticancer chemotherapy with CDDP during maintenance hemodialysis have been reported. Administration methods and dosage of CDDP for patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis were discussed.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1990

[A case of polycythemia vera associated with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia successfully treated by alkylating agents].

A 62-year-old female was referred to our division because of general fatigue, low grade fever and exertional dyspnea for 2 months. Laboratory data and chest roentgenograms on admission revealed polycythemia vera associated with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. Alkylating therapy with carboquone and cyclophosphamide resulted in the improvement of abnormalities on chest X-ray films which had previously shown decreased lung fields and abnormal interstitial shadows, as well as hematological abnormalities. Six months later, the results of the patient's pulmonary function tests and arterial blood gas analysis became within normal limits. Little information about polycythemia vera associated with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia is available. This case indicated that alkylating therapy with no steroidal combination is effective for idiopathic interstitial pneumonia.

Alkylating Agents↗
PubMed1990

[Involvement of infections in asthmatic attack: with special reference to changes in leukocytes and eosinophils].

Changes in leukocytes and eosinophils in 60 patients with non-infectious attack (NIA patients) were compared with those in 50 patients with infection-related attack (IRA patients). In 30 (50%) of the 60 NIA patients, eosinophilia without leukocytosis was observed on admission, and in 23 (76%) of these 30 patients eosinophilia disappeared within 2 weeks of admission. In 36 (72%) of the 50 IRA patients, leukocytosis without eosinophilia was observed on admission, and the periods from the onset of infection to admission were inversely correlated with leukocyte counts. In 22 eosinophilia patients among the 50 IRA patients, the periods from the onset of infection to admission were correlated with eosinophil counts for up to 40 days, and in 13 (76%) of 17 eosinophilia patients not receiving a long-term steroid therapy during admission, eosinophilia continued for more than 2 weeks even after anti-asthmatic and anti-infectious therapies. There was no significant difference in serum IgE levels between the two groups on admission. These results suggest that evaluations of leukocytes/eosinophils on admission and clinical courses are very useful in the management of asthmatic patients with or without bacterial infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Harlequin syndrome (unilateral flushing and sweating attack) due to a spinal invasion of the left apical lung cancer].

A 54-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of a persistent pain of the left cervix and scapular region of three-month duration and an abnormal shadow in the chest roentgenograms. Neurological examinations, chest roentgenograms, chest CT scanning, vertebral tomograms and myelogram revealed Pancoast's syndrome concomitant with Horner's syndrome. Four months later, the patient complained of a sudden onset of unilateral flushing and sweating appearing on the right face, cervix and upper chest. Eye drop tests with cocaine, epinephrine and tyramine indicated the lesion of ciliospinal centers between the 8th cervical and 2nd thoracic spines. The unilateral flushing and sweating attack appearing on the intact side without Horner's syndrome seemed to be an excessive response by an intact sympathetic pathway, the other side failing to respond because of a sympathetic deficit.

Flushing↗
PubMed1990

Levels of acarboxy prothrombin (PIVKA-II) and coagulation factors in warfarin-treated patients.

PIVKA-II (protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonists-II) was determined and compared with other coagulation factors in normal subjects and patients treated with the anticoagulant warfarin. In 18 (60%) of 30 patients treated with warfarin, PIVKA-II values were 1 microgram/ml or more, although they were less than 1 microgram/ml in all 39 normal subjects (100%). In patients treated with warfarin, values of prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time were significantly higher than those in normal subjects. However, values of hepaplastintest (normotest) and thrombotest in the patients were greatly lower than those in normal subjects. There were no significant differences between bleeding time or plasma fibrinogen values in the patients and normal subjects. The values of PIVKA-II were inversely correlated (P less than 0.01) with those of hepaplastintest and thrombotest. The measurement of PIVKA-II in the plasma should be useful in detecting vitamin K-deficient status among haemorrhagic disorders.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1989

Urinastatin (Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitor) reducing cisplatin nephrotoxicity.

The authors investigated the reductive effects of a Kunitz-type proteinase inhibitor, urinastatin, on the nephrotoxicity seen in lung cancer patients treated with cisplatin by measuring N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activity and beta 2-microglobulin (BMG) content in 24 hour urine, creatinine clearance, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, uric acid, and BMG as factors of nephrotoxicity. In control patients treated with anticancer drugs containing cisplatin but no supplemental urinastatin, the 24 hour urine NAG and BMG levels increased more than three-fold over the pretreatment levels, 3 days after anticancer therapy, respectively. Creatinine clearance significantly decreased and levels of BUN, serum uric acid, and BMG in control patients significantly increased over the corresponding pretreatment levels, 3 days after anticancer therapy. However, supplemental urinastatin reduced abnormalities in levels of all these factors 3 days after therapy. These results suggest that supplemental urinastatin protects from cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, especially proximal tubular damage.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1989

Age-dependent changes in protease and elastase production in cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The intracellular and extracellular protease and elastase contents of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were studied in relation to the age of the culture. The intracellular protease and elastase content of the organisms decreased as the culture grew older, whereas extracellular protease and elastase greatly increased 24 h after incubation commenced, suggesting that host tissue injury by P. aeruginosa infection may increase in proportion to the duration of tissue colonisation.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1989

Young's syndrome accompanied by medullary sponge kidney.

A 33-year-old man was admitted to our division for further evaluation of repeated fever and purulent sputa of more than 10 years duration. Based on clinical symptoms, chest roentgenograms, bronchograms, seminal examination, testicular biopsy specimen and electron micrograph of cilia from the left main bronchial mucosa, the diagnosis of Young's syndrome was made. A drip infusion myelogram, which was performed because of a persistent hematuria, revealed bilateral medullary sponge kidney, suggesting the involvement of this hereditary disorder in Young's syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Comparison of younger and elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

A comparison of the clinical features, predisposing factors, drug-induced adverse effects and diagnostic approach in pulmonary tuberculosis in 37 younger and 35 elderly men was carried out. Elderly patients had a higher number of underlying diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and hypertension, than younger patients. The classic symptoms and signs of tuberculosis, such as productive cough, fever and general fatigue, were observed in relatively high proportions of both patients, whereas weight loss (43 vs. 16%) and crackles in the lung fields (49 vs. 16%) were significantly higher in the elderly patients than the younger ones. As for roentgenographic abnormalities, a higher involvement of middle and lower lung fields was seen in the elderly patients than in the younger. Although leukocytosis was noted in a significantly lower proportion of the elderly patients, neutropenia due to drug treatment was significantly higher (23%) than in younger patients (5%). In a mass survey, the detection of pulmonary tuberculosis in elderly men was significantly lower (23%) than that in younger men (54%), suggesting that an extensive mass survey for pulmonary tuberculosis in elderly men should be done.

Adult↗