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Biomedical subjects

S Ueda

Publications and source records attributed to S Ueda.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Incidence of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis following measles and measles vaccination in Japan.

The Japanese Committee for the National Registry of Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE) confirmed that 215 cases of SSPE occurred in the 20 years from 1966 to 1985, as discovered in the 10-year surveillance from April 1976 through March 1986. The annual incidence in recent years has been between 10 and 23 cases. Among cases with a certain history of measles illness or measles vaccination, 184 (90.2%) had a history of measles illness without receiving measles vaccine. There were 11 probable measles vaccine-associated cases (5.4%), three (1.5%) being vaccinated with a combined use of killed and live vaccine and eight (3.9%) with further attenuated live vaccine. There were nine cases (4.4%) without a history of either measles illness or measles vaccination. Intervals between measles illness and the onset of SSPE varied from 1 to 16 years (mean, 7.0 years). The periods following measles vaccination with further attenuated live vaccine were 2 to 11 years (mean, 4.6 years). Annual incidence rates of SSPE per million cases of measles ranged between 6.1 and 40.9 (mean, 16.1) in the 10 measles epidemic years 1968-1977, and those following vaccination with further attenuated live vaccine were zero in most years and at the highest 3.08 (mean, 0.9) per million doses of distributed vaccine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Tumor cells treated with vaccinia virus can activate the alternative pathway of mouse complement.

Vaccinia virus has been shown to render mouse tumor cells highly immunogenic. Since we have demonstrated that induction of complement activating capacity on guinea pig tumor cells by Sendai virus infection causes the tumor cells to become immunogenic, we assumed that vaccinia virus infection of mouse tumor cells might render them reactive with homologous mouse complement. Therefore, murine tumor cells, MH134 and X5563, infected with vaccinia virus (VV) were incubated with mouse plasma and C3 deposition was determined by staining with fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled anti-C3. We found that VV-infected tumor cells possess the ability to activate the alternative complement pathway (ACP) of murine complement. For induction of complement activating ability, at least a 3 h incubation of the infected MH134 cells was required indicating that the generation of ACP-activating capacity on MH134 infected with VV is time-dependent. Furthermore, ultraviolet-irradiated vaccinia virus was able to induce ACP-activating capacity on tumor cells as well.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Changes of the serum amikacin (AMK) level in patients with serious acute renal failure treated by continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration (CAVH).

This study clarified changes in the serum amikacin (AMK) levels in the blood of 5 patients (4 men and 1 woman; average age 59.2 +/- 5.9 years) with serious acute renal failure treated by continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration (CAVH). The following principal results were obtained. (A) The average remaining rate of AMK in the blood after 6 h was 60.8 +/- 5.3% and 50.4 +/- 5.3% after 12 h. The average half-life period (t1/2 beta) of AMK in the blood during CAVH was 18.3 +/- 3.4 h. (B) The remaining rate of AMK in the blood after 12 h correlated significantly with the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level (r = 0.71, p less than 0.05) and with the volume of urine excreted per day (r = -0.71, p less than 0.05). (C) The average lowest AMK concentration after 24 h for a continuous 17-day period was 3.3 micrograms/ml. These results suggest that the administration of 100 mg of AMK once a day is useful and safe for patients with serious acute renal failure treated by CAVH and that it will not accumulate in the body.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1989

Peptidergic and catecholaminergic fibers in the human corneal epithelium. An immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study.

Innervation of the clinically normal human corneal epithelium was investigated utilizing immunohistochemical and electron microscopic techniques. All corneal epithelial sheets examined demonstrated neuron specific enolase (NSE: a non-specific marker for neural elements), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP: a putative marker for sensory fibers), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH: a marker for catecholaminergic nerves) immunoreactive fibers. NSE, CGRP, and TH fibers formed a dense basal epithelial plexus. The CGrp fibers tended to have beaded profiles, while TH fibers were smooth. Numerous free nerve endings originating from the basal epithelial plexus og NSE and CGRP fibers terminated throughout the thickness of epithelium. The densities of fibers in the basal epithelial nerve plexus were: NSE greater than CGRP greater than TH. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated two types of epithelial nerve fibers, one containing large dense-core vesicles and another small dense-core vesicles. Both types contained clear vesicles. These large and small dense-core vesicle fibers appeared to correspond to the CGRP and TH immunoreactive fibers, respectively. These results provide morphological baseline data on the normal sensory and sympathetic corneal epithelial innervation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Detection of inducible beta-lactamase in sputum--clinical studies on Pseudomonas respiratory infection].

To investigate the clinical incidence of inducible beta-lactamase, we measured the beta-lactamase activity in the sputum of 5 patients with chronic respiratory tract infection due to P. aeruginosa, by using the spectrophotometric method. During the piperacillin (PIPC) therapy given twice a day with a single dose of 2-3 g, sputum samples were collected every 2 hours for 3 days, and on the second day, two grams of Cefmetazole (CMZ) was added to PIPC therapy. The antibiotics concentration of each collected sputum samples were also measured by HPLC. In one out of 5 patients, no beta-lactamase activity in sputum was detected throughout the 3 days. However in three out of 5 patients, after the addition of CMZ to PIPC, the beta-lactamase activity significantly increased 2-3 times (max: 0.03 units/ml) that on PIPC alone, and gradually decreased on the 3rd day when PIPC was given alone. Then the peak concentration of PIPC with the addition of CMZ decreased to 38-73%, compared with that of PIPC alone. These findings were supported by the fact that CMZ showed a high in vitro inducer activity against the isolates from the sputum. In the remaining one patient, high beta-lactamase activity (mean: 0.16 units/ml) and no antibiotics concentration was detected to be constant throughout the 3 days, and it was confirmed for the reason that one of the isolates constitutively produced large amounts of beta-lactamase. These results suggest that inducible and constitutive beta-lactamase would clinically cause undesirable effects in the treatment by some beta-lactams and have a possibility of indirect pathogenesis.

Cefmetazole↗
PubMed1989

Effects of caffeine on the vascular smooth muscles isolated from two-kidney, one-clip renovascular hypertension in rabbits.

To examine the intracellular calcium content of the vascular smooth muscle in the chronic phase of renovascular hypertension, the effects of caffeine on isolated aortic, renal and iliac arterial strips were evaluated in two-kidney, one-clip renovascular hypertension in rabbits. 10 weeks after left renal artery constriction in the constricted group, systemic blood pressure (BP) was significantly higher than in the control group, but plasma renin activity was similar to the control value. The amplitude of caffeine-induced contraction of various vascular strips in the constricted group gradually increased and, at 10 weeks, this was higher in the constricted group than in the control group. In the constricted group, sodium loading produced BP elevation and increased the amplitude of caffeine-induced contraction, whereas sodium constriction decreased BP and the amplitude. In the control group, altered sodium intake did not affect BP and the amplitude of caffeine-induced contraction. These results suggest that in the chronic phase of renovascular hypertension, the increased caffeine-sensitive intracellular calcium store on vascular smooth muscle, which is increased by sodium loading and is decreased by sodium restriction, may contribute to the maintenance of hypertension.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Immunohistochemical studies on the development of tyrosine hydroxylase- and serotonin-immunoreactive neurons in fetal dorsal raphe tissue transplanted into the anterior eye chamber of adult rats.

Pieces of tissue containing dorsal raphe nuclei of fetal rat brains were transplanted into the anterior eye chambers of adult rats. The differences between the developmental patterns of catecholaminergic and serotonergic neurons--especially the extension of their axonal processes--in the grafts were immunohistochemically examined using tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and serotonin antisera. At an early stage after transplantation (3 days), TH-positive neurons appeared in grafts that had and had not been pretreated with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI, Nialamide), while serotonin-positive neurons were demonstrated only in the grafts that had undergone MAOI pretreatment. Morphological differences in the growth pattern in the experimental milieu between the TH and serotonin neurons were also demonstrated: at this early stage, the somata of the TH neurons were multipolar and stellate shaped and possessed several distinct processes, while the serotonin neurons were ovoid shaped and lacked such processes. One week to 1 month after transplantation, the number of TH-positive fibers gradually increased, but their distribution was restricted to the area surrounding the cell bodies of the TH neurons in the graft. However, the processes of the serotonin neurons formed a dense plexus in the graft, and a small number of these fibers extended into the host iris 1 week after transplantation. By one month after the operation, the density of the serotonin fibers had gradually increased throughout the graft, and protruding serotonin fibers formed a network of varicose fibers in the host uveal tissue.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Influence of water-immersion stress on synthesis of mucus glycoprotein in the rat gastric mucosa.

Gastric mucous cells of rats subjected to water-immersion stress were incubated with [3H]-palmitic acid and [14C]-N-acetylgalactosamine. The peptidyl-tRNA released by gastric polysomes was precipitated with cold ethanol and then the content was determined. A 70% reduction in the peptidyl-tRNA isolated was observed in the stressed rats, as compared with in control rats. The peptide recovered from the peptidyl-tRNA showed 30-50% less [3H]-palmitic acid and [14C]-N-acetylgalactosamine incorporation in the stressed rats than in normal controls. It was thus suggested that translation, acylation and glycosylation of the peptides in the ribosomes of the gastric mucosa were remarkably affected by the stress.

Acetylgalactosamine↗
PubMed1989

Role of lipid peroxidation and oxygen radicals in compound 48/80-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats.

Repeated administration of a small dose of compound 48/80 induced acute gastric mucosal injury in rats. Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reactants in the gastric mucosa were significantly increased and serum alpha-tocopherol was significantly decreased after the treatment. The total area of gastric lesions and the increase in TBA reactants in the gastric mucosa were significantly reduced by pretreatment with superoxide dismutase (SOD) and/or catalase, allopurinol and anti-rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) antibody. Lipid peroxidation and oxygen radicals derived from both the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system and PMN may be involved in the pathogenesis of compound 48/80-induced gastric mucosal injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Role of free radicals and lipid peroxidation in gastric mucosal injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion in rats.

Ischemia and reperfusion are of the greatest importance in the pathology of many diseases. We investigated the roles of oxygen-derived free radicals and lipid peroxidation in gastric mucosal injury, such as spotty and linear hemorrhagic erosions, induced in rats by ischemia-reperfusion. The gastric mucosal injury and the increase in thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reactants in the gastric mucosa induced by ischemia-reperfusion were significantly inhibited by treatment with SOD and catalase. These results suggest that oxygen-derived free radicals and lipid peroxidation play important roles in the pathogenesis of acute gastric mucosal lesions induced by ischemia-reperfusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Role of oxygen-derived free radicals in gastric mucosal injury induced by ischemia or ischemia-reperfusion in rats.

Oxygen-derived free radicals have been implicated as possible mediators in the development of tissue injury induced by ischemia and reperfusion. Clamping of the celiac artery in rats reduced the gastric mucosal blood flow to 10% of that measured before the clamping. The area of gastric erosions and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reactants in gastric mucosa were significantly increased 60 and 90 min after clamping. These changes were inhibited by treatment with SOD and catalase. Thirty and 60 min after reoxygenation. produced by removal of the clamps following 30 min of ischemia, gastric mucosal injury and the increase in TBA reactants were markedly aggravated compared with those induced by ischemia alone. SOD and catalase significantly inhibited these changes. The serum alpha-tocopherol/cholesterol ratio, an index of in vivo lipid peroxidation, was significantly decreased after long periods of ischemia (60 and 90 min), or after 30 and 60 min of reperfusion following 30 min of ischemia. These results indicated that active oxygen species and lipid peroxidation may play a role in the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal injury induced by both ischemia alone and ischemia-reperfusion. Although, allopurinol inhibited the formation of gastric mucosal injury and the increase in TBA reactants in gastric mucosa, the depletion of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) counts induced by an injection of anti-rat PMN antibody did not inhibit these changes. As compared with the hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase system. PMN seem to play a relatively small part in the formation of gastric mucosal injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion.

Allopurinol↗
PubMed1989

Functional atrial natriuretic peptide receptor in human adrenal tumor.

The effects of synthetic human atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on the release of catecholamines, aldosterone, or cortisol were observed in human adrenal tumors obtained surgically from patients with pheochromocytoma, primary aldosteronism, or Cushing's syndrome, respectively. Each tumor tissue or adjacent normal cortical tissue was sectioned into slices, which were incubated in medium-199 in the presence or absence of adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) and ANP. The amounts of epinephrine, norepinephrine, aldosterone, or cortisol released into the medium were measured. Existence of ANP receptors on the adrenal tissues was examined by binding assays, affinity labeling, and immunohistochemistry. Release of catecholamines from pheochromocytoma tissues was inhibited by ANP, and the presence of the ANP receptor on pheochromocytoma was further demonstrated by both binding assays and affinity labeling; Scatchard analysis revealed a single class of binding sites for ANP with a Kd of 1.0 nM and a Bmax of 0.4 pmol/mg of protein and the molecular size was estimated as 140 and a 70 kDa under nonreducing and reducing conditions, respectively. The presence of ANP receptors in pheochromocytoma was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. ANP inhibited both basal and ACTH-stimulated aldosterone secretion in the slices of normal cortex, and localization of ANP receptors in zona glomerulosa cells was also demonstrated. However, ANP did not inhibit basal and ACTH-stimulated aldosterone and cortisol secretion in both tissue slices from aldosteronoma and Cushing's adenoma. Consistent with these observations, the absence of ANP receptors in adenoma tissues was determined by binding assays, affinity labeling, and immunohistochemistry.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1989

Comparative efficacy of three antiviral drugs in mice herpetic keratitis.

The antiherpetic effects of 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine (DHPG) in vitro and in vivo were investigated in comparison with those of acyclovir (ACV) and 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (IDU). ACV was found to be consistently superior to the other two agents in antiviral activity against all ocular isolates in vitro. In vivo tests in mice, in contrast, showed DHPG in ointment form to be more effective than ACV in treating herpetic keratitis. It was noted that even 0.03% DHPG ointment was as efficacious as 0.3% ACV ointment. Other studies using the same keratitis model also demonstrated that DHPG eyedrop solution is far more effective than IDU eyedrop solution. These results indicate that DHPG can be a useful antiviral agent in the treatment of herpetic keratitis.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1989

[Role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and oxygen-derived free radicals in the formation of gastric mucosal lesions induced by platelet-activating factor].

Gastric hemorrhagic erosions were induced by the administration of platelet-activating factor (PAF). Gastric wall blood flow was decreased and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reactants in the gastric mucosa were increased 10 min after PAF injection. SOD and catalase reduced gastric mucosal lesions and TBA reactants, but had no influence on gastric blood flow. In polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN)-depleted rats, gastric mucosal lesions and TBA reactants in the gastric mucosa were reduced and gastric blood flow were increased. PAF induced the superoxide production from rat PMN in a dose dependent manner. These results suggest that oxygen-derived free radicals produced by PMN and lipid peroxidation may play an important role in the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal injury induced by PAF.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Experimental study of injury on the small intestine in acute portal vein occlusion and the following restoration of portal vein flow in rats--free radicals in the small intestine and lipid peroxidation].

Free radicals in the small intestine were quantified by using an electron spin resonance spectrometer, and the amounts of TBA (thiobarbituric acid) reactants in arterial plasma, portal venous plasma and intestinal tissue were determined at the several stages. The effects of allopurinol, alpha-tocopherol, the simultaneous occlusion of superior mesenteric artery or the porto-jugular venous bypass, with the temporary occlusion of the portal vein, were also investigated. 1) Free radical concentration (mostly, semiquinones of CoQ and/or flavin in mitochondria) decreased with portal vein occlusion but showed a temporary increase at 10 sec after reperfusion. Allopurinol suppressed such temporary increase. 2) TBA reactants increased with the temporary occlusion of the portal vein. TBA reactants decreased during the portal vein occlusion with alpha-tocopherol and during reperfusion with allopurinol. Lipid peroxidation in the small intestine was also diminished by using the methods of simultaneous occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery or the porto-jugular venous bypass. In conclusion, there may be three sources for the generation of superoxide: the xanthine oxidase system, semiquinone radicals and paramagnetic metal irons. They may induce lipid a peroxidation, which accelerates the injury on the small intestine, in acute portal vein occlusion and the following restoration of portal vein flow in rats.

Allopurinol↗