Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Tsuji

Publications and source records attributed to S Tsuji.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Estimated production by the official inspection of coal-tar dyes (including dye aluminum lakes) in 1992].

The number of official inspection of coal-tar dyes and their lakes from April in 1992 till March in 1993 were 711 in total. The quantity which passed inspection amounted to 201 ton in Japan. The production of color in each month was summarised in Table 1, and by each producing company in Table 2. The food coal-tar dye produced in the largest quantity was Food Yellow No. 4, occupying 40.7% during this period.

Chemical Industry↗
PubMed1993

Clinical significance of serum soluble HLA class I antigens in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Serum soluble HLA (SHLA) class I antigens in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The primary antibody used was W6/32, anti-HLA class I mouse monoclonal antibody, and the secondary antibody was peroxidase-conjugated anti-mouse IgG antibody. The reactivity of SHLA class I antigens, the number of peripheral lymphocytes, and the clinical state of SLE were compared. The results were as follows; 1) Sixteen of 55 samples from SLE patients were SHLA class I antigen-positive (29%). 2) The reactivity of SHLA class I antigens was closely related to disease activity. 3) The number of lymphocytes and the reactivity of SHLA class I antigens were negatively correlated. 4) Nine of 23 samples from the active SLE patients were SHLA class I antigen-negative. Of these, 7 were from patients with a nephrotic syndrome due to lupus nephritis. It is concluded that SHLA class I antigens can be an useful marker for monitoring the clinical state of SLE.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1993

Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 on transitional cell cancer. Possible significance in immunity against tumor cells.

Immunohistochemical examination demonstrated expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on 17 of 44 transitional cell cancers (TCCs) but not on normal transitional cells. ICAM-1 was frequently expressed in higher stage tumors, especially in those with abundant immune cells scattered within tumor. Analysis of infiltrating immune cells showed that they were composed mainly of T lymphocytes and a smaller number of macrophages bearing the lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1). Expression of ICAM-1 on transitional cell cancer cell lines was augmented by in vitro treatment with interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-1 beta. Furthermore, Northern blot analysis revealed higher quantities of a 3.3-kb RNA in T24 cells exposed to interferon-gamma or tumor necrosis factor-alpha. These results suggest that the expression of ICAM-1 on transitional cell cancers might be modified by cytokines produced by infiltrating immune cells, which might facilitate immune responses against cancer cells.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Ultrastructural relations between nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons and cholinergic nerve endings in the human brain.

The connections between cholinergic nerve endings and nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons were studied in the substantia nigra pars compacta of the human brain. Immunocytochemistry of tyrosine hydroxylase followed by ionic fixation of acetylcholine-like cation in synaptic vesicles allowed dopaminergic neurons and cholinergic nerve endings to be visualized on the same ultrathin section. Numerous contacts, some of them with synaptic structures, were observed between nerve endings, with or without precipitates of acetylcholine-like cation and dendrites or cell bodies of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive neurons. These results, which agree with previous studies performed in the rat, suggest that cholinergic nerve endings control the activity of the nigrostriatal neurons at the level of the dendrites and cell bodies in the substantia nigra.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[A sporadic case of late onset familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy preceded by cardiac involvement].

We report a 65-year-old man with amyloidotic polyneuropathy, who first suffered from heart failure at the age of 57, 3 years before the onset of neurological symptoms. He had no obvious family history. We analysed the transthyretin gene of the patient and 6 asymptomatic family members using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The single amino acid substitution of a methionine for valine at position 30, which is a common mutation of Japanese type I FAP patients, was found from the patient and his sister of 47 years. Though Type I FAP patients often have cardiac conduction block, they rarely have signs of heart failure until the end stage of the disease. This is the first report of Type I FAP with severe myocardial involvement, in which TTR mutation at position 30 was confirmed. The result revealed the clinical variation of Type I FAP.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[A case of juvenile onset ataxia with dystonia, myoclonus, sensorineural hearing loss and mental retardation].

A 35-year-old female was reported who presented early onset and slowly progressive ataxia and retrocollis which appeared at the age of nine. On admission, neurological examination revealed cerebellar ataxia, dystonia of the neck and the right arm, myoclonus of the neck and the shoulder, slight mental retardation, supranuclear upper gaze palsy, and sensorineural hearing loss. Laboratory examination showed high serum CK activity. Electromyography and muscle biopsy findings suggested slight muscular involvement. CSF level of HVA and 5-HIAA were reduced. MRI demonstrated marked cerebellar atrophy and slight atrophy of the brain stem. To our knowledge, the characteristic combination of the neurological sign in this case has not been reported. This case was compared with EOCA (early onset cerebellar ataxia with retained tendon reflexes) and other juvenile onset cerebellar ataxia and dystonia.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Visualization of brain function using MRI-MR functional brain imaging].

The effects of photic stimulation on the visual cortex of human brain were studied by means of gradient-echo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Fast low-angle shot (FLASH) MRI was used to monitor changes in brain oxygenation in the human visual cortex during photic stimulation (PS). Whole-body 1.5 T clinical MR system was used. Elevation of image intensity up to 2% was observed in primary and associative visual cortex, corresponding to an increase of blood oxygenation in regions of increased neural activity. After the PS was switched off, the MR signal fell below the pre-PS baseline level, which may be understood as an displacement of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve (the Bohre effect).

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[A case of deletion of the short arm of chromosome 18 associated with chronic polymyositis].

A case of deletion of the short arm of chromosome 18 (18p- syndrome) associated with chronic polymyositis is described. The patient was a 37-year-old woman, who had psychomotor retardation in her early childhood. She started to notice a difficulty in raising both arms at 14 years of age and furthermore, she developed a gait disturbance due to weakness of the proximal muscles of the lower extremities from 34 years of age. Her parents were first cousins. On physical examination, she showed many dysmorphic features, such as short stature, round face, hypertelorism, low nasal bridge, small chin, high arched palate, abnormal dentition, short and webbed neck, and broad chest. Neurological examination revealed a low intelligence (IQ 47), severe proximal muscle weakness with moderate proximal muscle atrophy in all extremities, a waddling gait, and decreased or absent deep tendon reflexes of all extremities except for bilateral ankle jerks. Serum creatine kinase and myoglobin levels were slightly elevated. Needle EMG study showed fibrillation potentials at rest and polyphasic and low amplitude motor unit potentials of short duration on volitional activity in the affected muscles. Muscle biopsy demonstrated a variation in fiber size, necrotic fibers and mononuclear cell infiltration. These findings were compatible with those of chronic polymyositis. In addition, cytogenetic findings revealed 46.XX.18p- karyotype, although her parents had no chromosome abnormality. She had no immunological abnormality except for a positive rheumatoid factor and elevation of CD4/CD8 ratio on lymphocyte subset analysis in peripheral blood.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[MRI findings of olivopontocerebellar atrophy and Machado-Joseph disease--diagnostic value of transverse pontine fibers].

Olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA) and Machado-Hoseph disease (MJD) occasionally show similar clinical signs and symptoms, which makes differential diagnosis of OPCA and MJD difficult. In 1990, Savoiardo et al. reported that the transverse pontine fibers of OPCA patients had high signal intensity on T2 weighted MR images. To determine if the high signal intensity of the transverse pontine fibers is useful for the differential diagnosis of OPCA and MJD, we examined this abnormal intensity in patients diagnosed as OPCA or MJD. We observed the high intensity of transverse pontine fibers in all of the 18 OPCA patients. This finding, however, was not observed in any of the patients with the MJD. The high signal intensity of the transverse pontine fibers in T2 weighted images is characteristic of OPCA patients. Furthermore the atrophy of pontine tegmentum is characteristic of patients with MJD. These findings correlate well with pathological findings of OPCA and MJD, indicating the usefulness of these MRI findings for the differential diagnosis of OPCA and MJD.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Quantitative analysis of brain perfusion using radionuclide angiography with 99mTc-HMPAO].

A noninvasive simple method for quantitative radionuclide angiography with 99mTc-dl-hexamethyl propylene amine oxime (99mTc-HMPAO). The method of graphical analysis was employed for the evaluation of the unidirectional influx constant (Ku) from the blood to the brain for the tracer. The Ku values were standardized to represent objective and comparable values, brain perfusion indices (BPI), among studied subjects by setting the ratio of ROIbrain size to ROIaorta size to 10. The mean +/- SD of the whole-brain BPI values for the 41 normal controls was 11.15 +/- 2.61, and biphasic reduction with advancing age was observed. The mean of the whole-brain BPI of 7.95 with SD of 2.35 in 103 patients with cerebrovascular disorders was significantly lower than that in normal controls. The right to left ratio of BPI showed wider dynamic range than that of the total counts of SPECT. This technique is quite easy to apply as an adjunct to SPECT and may be helpful in the quantitative evaluation of brain perfusion in routine clinical studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Potentials recorded from neck and supraclavicular fossa during a rapid voluntary contraction of the triceps brachii muscle.

Two experiments were performed in order to study whether it is possible to record potentials related to the voluntary movement from electrodes placed on the skin overlying the spinous process of the 2nd and 6th cervical vertebrae and at Erb's point ipsilateral to the movement. In the first series of experiments (Experiment I) the subject initiated spontaneously an arm movement accompanying a contraction of the right triceps brachii muscle. Rapid extension of the right 5 fingers was also performed self paced. Recordings of the potentials were referential to the left knee. The morphology of the potentials from the neck and Erb's point did not differ among time constants, between experimental days, among subjects and between the arm movement and the finger movement. A negative deflection of the cervical potential started preceding the onset of the electromyogram (EMG). This negativity was followed by a positive deflection after the EMG onset. The positive potential was followed by a negative deflection during the rising phase of the EMG. In the second series of experiments the subject performed both reaction and self-paced arm movements. The prime mover was the same as the agonist in Experiment I. Morphology of the potentials recorded with monopolar and bipolar derivations did not differ between the differently initiated movements and among the subjects. The morphology of the potentials from the neck and Erb's point was the same as the morphology of the potentials recorded in Experiment I. The present results indicate that it is possible to record the potentials related to the voluntary movement from neck and supraclavicular fossa.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Central type benzodiazepine receptor and cerebral blood flow in experimental chronic brain infarction--evaluation using a double-tracer autoradiography technique].

Double tracer autoradiography was performed to measure regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and the binding of central type benzodiazepine receptors (BZR) in infarction by means of permanent occlusion of the unilateral middle cerebral arteries (MCA) in rat. Iodine-125 Iomazenil and 99mTc-HMPAO was used to label BZR and rCBF respectively. In the chronic phase of infarction 21 to 28 days after occlusion (5 rats), rCBF in the left MCA territory was decreased to 62% of the sham control (4 rats), while BZR was more decreased to 45% of the control. In remote areas from the MCA lesion, the ipsilateral thalamus showed 28% decrease of BZR as compared to the control, though the decrease of rCBF was not significant. Iomazenil distribution may represent neuron density or BZR density on a neuron, since central type BZR is reported to be located on neurons. These results suggest that central type BZR imaging is more useful tool for the evaluation of brain tissue viability and transneuronal degeneration than rCBF imaging in brain infarction.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Positional cloning--current status and future directions].

Several strategies for isolating disease genes have been developed. In functional cloning, the gene is isolated based on information on the function of gene products (proteins). In contrast, positional cloning is based on the isolation of the disease gene, starting from the knowledge of its location on the genome. The flow chart of positional cloning was described as follows; 1) identification of the location of the disease gene by linkage analysis. 2) construction of the physical map spanning the region. 3) isolation of the candidate genes from the region. 4) identification of mutations in the candidate genes, which is specific to the disease. The current concept and strategies on the positional cloning is discussed.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1993

[Lysosome disease--Sandhoff disease].

Lysosomal beta-hexosaminidase occurs as two major isozymes hexosaminidase A and B. The alpha subunit is encoded by the HEXA gene and the subunit by HEXB gene. Defects in the beta subunit lead to Sandhoff disease. Patients with the defect lack the activity or formation of both hexosaminidase A and B. The disorders are classified according to the age of onset, as infantile, juvenile and adult form. Recent molecular genetic analysis has revealed a 50 kb deletion, 16 kb Alu type deletion, and compound heterozygous with other mutations. In the juvenile or adult type of the disease, point mutation of the HEXB gene, creating a new 3' splice acceptor site. The correlation of the clinical phenotype and the gene abnormalities is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Molecular genetic analysis for myoclonus epilepsy associated with ragged-red fibers (MERRF)].

Two mutations in tRNA(Lys) gene of mitochondrial DNA were detected as the causes of this disease. We reviewed our previous studies and the recent literatures. We analyzed the mtDNA nucleotide sequence of a MERRF patient, the original case of MERRF described by Fukuhara et al., and identified a point mutation of 8,344 in tRNA(Lys) gene. This mutation detected in all 8 MERRF patients from 6 independent families, and not detected in 15 controls by polymerase chain reaction using a mismatched primer. We also quantitated the degrees of heteroplasmy of the point mutation at nt 8,344 of tRNA(Lys) in various postmortem tissues from two patients with MERRF. The percentages of the mutant mtDNA were similar in both clinically affected and unaffected tissues.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1993

[Molecular genetic analysis for Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)].

Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally inherited disease characterized of acute visual loss predominantly affecting young men. So far twelve mutations in the mitochondrial DNA have been associated in this disease. We reviewed these mutations, and showed methods to detect these mutations which are being used in our laboratory. Seven mutations (nps 3460, 5244, 7444, 11778, 13708, 15257, 15812) can be detected by the the loss of the sites, and 4 mutations (nps 4216, 4917, 11778, 3394) can be detected by the appearance of the restriction sites. Since only two mutations (nps 4160 and 14484) don't affect the restriction sites, we use mismatched primers as a method to detect the mutations by polymerase chain reaction.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1993

[Absence of linkage disequilibrium at amyloid precursor protein gene locus in Japanese familial Alzheimer's disease with 717Val-->Ile mutation].

To date, eleven independent early onset familial Alzheimer's disease (EOFAD) pedigrees with the 717Val-->Ile mutation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene have been identified. Interestingly, five pedigrees have been of Japanese origin. The apparent ethnic prediction of this mutation raises the possibility that there is a founder effect in Japan. If the hypothesis holds true, we can expect the presence of linkage disequilibrium at the APP locus. We did not, however, observe any significant linkage disequilibrium at any locus of APP or the adjacent GT12 locus in the five Japanese EOFAD probands with the 717Val-->Ile mutation. The result indicates that a founder effect would probably not be present in Japanese EOFAD pedigrees with the 717Val-->Ile mutation.

Age of Onset↗