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S Trattnig

Publications and source records attributed to S Trattnig.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Pseudotumor of the orbit in pediatrics. Diagnostic imaging].

Orbital pseudotumor is an inflammatory lesion with increased orbital mass and a typical rapid onset. It is very uncommon in children. Diagnosis is difficult and there is no uniform procedure. Two patients with different forms of this entity are presented, and their clinical symptoms and CT and ultrasonographic features are discussed. We found the CT and US findings to be important for the differential diagnosis. Therefore, these diagnostic modalities should be applied immediately on the onset of typical clinical symptoms, because the condition can result in ophthalmoplegia and amaurosis if not treated at once.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1990

[Velocity variance function: additional information in color-coded Doppler sonography of the carotids].

A new software, called the velocity variance programme, by which flow disturbances are additionally colour-coded, was systematically applied with colour Doppler sonography in 59 patients with stenotic atheromatous lesions of different grades in the carotid bifurcation. A direct comparison with and without using this programme was made. In group 1 (n = 23) with stenosis of the internal carotid artery of more than 50% it could be demonstrated that flow disturbances were maximally in the region immediately downstream of the stenosis and complete dissipation of these effects occurred within 8-10 vessel diameters downstream. Moreover, a direct correlation between the size of the region of disturbed flow and the irregularity of the stenotic plaque surface within the stenosis could be demonstrated. Distal to the stenosis there was an inverse relationship between the extension of disturbed flow and the length of the stenosis and a direct relationship to the grade of the stenosis and the irregularity of the plaque surface. In patient group 2 (n = 36) with less than 50% diameter reduction, a local flow disturbance near the atheromatous plaque was shown in 27 patients. In eighteen of these patients the region of disturbed flow could be revealed only by using the velocity variance programme. The importance of this non-invasive in-vivo visualisation of flow disturbances in the carotid bifurcation is discussed.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1990

[Magnetic resonance tomography of the failed back surgery syndrome: a comparison with computed tomography].

The term "failed back surgery syndrome" includes a variety of clinical-neurological symptoms following disc surgery. In a prospective study 18 patients suffering from monoradicular symptoms after disc surgery were examined by MRI and CT (both prior to and following intravenous application of contrast material). Findings were then compared to microsurgery. MRI produced correct diagnoses in 17 cases, CT in 13 cases. Recurrent disc herniation caused symptoms four times, and epidural scar formation twice. In twelve cases there was herniated disc material as well as an epidural scar present; disc material preponderated nine times, scar formation in three instances.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Color-coded Doppler imaging of normal vertebral arteries.

Using color-coded Doppler sonography, we studied the vertebral arteries of 42 persons without history or physical signs of vertebrobasilar disease. The intertransverse portion of the vertebral artery was visualized in all persons on both sides. Its origin was visualized in 37 persons (88.1%) on the right side and in 28 (66.7%) on the left; the atlas loop was visualized in 32 persons (76.2%) on the right side and in 36 (85.7%) on the left. Four vertebral arteries were hypoplastic. Peak systolic blood velocity ranged from 19 to 98 (mean 56) cm/sec and peak diastolic blood velocity ranged from 6 to 30 (mean 17) cm/sec. Resistive indices ranged from 0.62 to 0.75 (mean 0.69). Thus, color-coded Doppler sonography seems to be a promising noninvasive method for the evaluation of hemodynamics in the extracranial portion of the vertebral arteries.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1990

Renal osteodystrophy. Radiological diagnosis compared with a new radioimmunoassay method of parathyroid hormone.

The parathyroid hormone concentration in the blood measured by the 'two-site radioimmunoassay', which is specific for the biologically active parathyroid molecule (parathyrine), was compared with the radiological manifestations of secondary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) on magnification radiographs of the phalanges in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis and in patients with renal allografts. Sensitivity of radiology for the diagnosis of HPT proved to be high (88%), whereas specificity was low (30%). Statistical analysis showed that there was a good correlation between the parathyrine levels and the intensity of radiological changes in the phalanges in patients with renal allografts (coefficient of Krueger-Spearman = 0.65). In patients undergoing hemodialysis the correlation between laboratory parameters and radiological changes was poor.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Color-coded Doppler sonography of the carotid artery].

A total of 844 patients were evaluated to compare the value of ultrasonography and color-flow Doppler and to demonstrate the advantage presented by the latter method. In 89%, color-flow assessment was in complete agreement with the duplex assessment. In the remaining 11%, important additional results were discovered in the color-flow examination. Non-stenotic plaques were seen more often (43%) in the wide carotid bulb; stenotic plaques and occlusion were found more often (66% and 82%) in the internal carotid artery. Color-flow Doppler allows the sonomorphological (plaques, stenoses, occlusion) and functional parameters (turbulences, flow enhancement) to be studied at the same time.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMed1990

[Flow reversal in the carotid bifurcation. Detection using color-coded Doppler sonography].

Pulsatile blood flow within the normal carotid sinus involves at least two distinct components. Beside the laminar antegrade flow, there is a boundary layer separation zone in the posterolateral aspect with transient flow reversal. This flow reversal is well known from in vitro studies. It is now possible to document these flow velocity components using color-coded Doppler sonography. It is hypothesized that if flow separation is detected, this is indicative of a normal condition of the carotid bifurcation. When atherosclerosis develops, it involves preferentially the posterolateral bulb region, obliterating the normal configuration of the sinus with consequent loss of the flow separation. Therefore, loss of flow reversal should be indicative of atherosclerosis. We have studied this flow pattern retrospectively in 156 patients (312 arteries). In 4 patients no flow reversal could be detected although no atheromatous lesions could be found at the bifurcation, but in these cases there was no bulb formation in the common carotid artery or in the internal carotid artery. On the other hand, flow reversal was demonstrable in several pathological conditions within the carotid bifurcation. These included plaque formation after the bifurcation in 7 patients, internal carotid artery occlusion at the origin in 12, common carotid artery occlusion despite a patent bifurcation in 4, and marked dilatation of the lumen forming a pseudobulb following disocclusion of the carotid artery in 11 patients.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1990

[Color-coded Doppler sonography of the vertebral arteries].

Color-coded Doppler sonography of the vertebral arteries was performed in 86 patients with a history of vertebrobasilar disease. The origin of the artery was visualized in 87.2% on the right and 70.9% on the left side. The interforamen portion of the vertebral artery was visualized in 95% on the right and 97% on the left side. The atlas loop could be visualized in 88.4% on the right and 84.9% on the left side. Pathologic findings were hypoplasia (n = 4), stenosis (n = 19), dissection (n = 2), occlusion (n = 7), kinking (n = 12), and subclavian steal syndrome (n = 3). Nine postoperative patients had subclavian and vertebral artery reimplantation into the common carotid artery. The characteristic color-coded Doppler sonographic features of these findings are presented and discussed.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMed1989

[X-ray diagnosis of renal osteopathy in dialysis patients with reference to clinical aspects].

Pathophysiological histological and radiological findings in renal osteodystrophy are described. Special emphasis is laid on secondary hyperparathyroidism. Preliminary results of the authors' investigations show a good correlation between radiological findings in the phalanges of the hand and the concentration of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in 14 patients. The concentration of the hormone in the blood was measured by a new "two-site" immunoradiometric assay, which is specific for the intact, biologically active hormone. Patients with high concentrations of PTH in the blood tended to have more severe radiological changes. In 4 patients for whom radiographs of the hands revealed no pathologic findings, normal PTH concentrations in the blood were measured by this method, whereas the conventional assay gave elevated hormone concentrations for the same patients. This is due to the lack of specificity of the conventional method for the intact, biologically active hormone. Nevertheless, further investigations are needed to confirm these findings.

Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder↗
PubMed1989

[Incidence and clinical importance of chronic reactive periosteal new bone formation in the cervical region in patients with differing neurologic symptomatology].

81 patients classed into three groups with clinical evidence of neurological symptoms and posttraumatic pain of the cervical spine and the incidence of degenerative disorders were studied noninvasively via CT scanning. Imaging of osseous structures in the axial plane by CT was excellent in all cases, even in the lower part of the cervical spine where soft-tissue discrimination is often impossible because of shoulder artifacts. In about half of the patients with nerve-root symptomatology as well as with signs of involvement of long tracts, narrowing of the foramen intervertebral, respectively of the spinal tract, was seen, attributable to degenerative osseous apposition with excellent clinical segmental and (according to radicular symptoms) side correlation. In contrast to these results the group of patients with posttraumatic clinical symptoms showed almost 50 per cent less preexisting degenerative disorders of the cervical spine. In conclusion, we assume that high-grade osseous appositions of the dorsal part of the vertebral body play an important role in the development of radicular symptomatology and cervical myelopathy, respectively. Hypertrophic changes of the processus articularis with narrowing of the spinal canal occurred in 14 per cent and were therefore of minor clinical significance.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMed1988

[Color-coded Doppler sonography of the carotid arteries].

Doppler colour flow imaging provides colour-coded visualisation of blood flow additional to the B-mode image. In this study, the carotid arteries of 92 patients were examined comparing duplex sonography with Doppler colour flow imaging. Efficiency of these methods was evaluated by angiography in 16 patients. Examination time was shorter by using Doppler colour flow imaging; evaluation of haemodynamics and anatomical changes was simplified.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMed1988

[Color-coded Doppler sonography in thyroid diseases: initial experiences].

The thyroid gland was investigated in 43 persons (12 healthy volunteers, 31 patients with diseases of the thyroid gland) with a new colour Doppler system (angiodynography). In euthyroid persons (normal thyroid gland, diffuse or multinodular goitre) only a few vessels were detected. In cases with Graves' disease however, hypervascularization was evident. Autonomous adenomas had a hypervascular periphery, whereas our two carcinomas showed a high vascularisation in the nodule. Angiodynography might become an important diagnostic tool for the evaluation of thyroid glands. The number of radionuclide studies and punctures might be limited.

Color↗
PubMed1988

[Spontaneous carotid dissection as the cause of cerebral infarct in a youth].

The case of a 19-year-old patient is presented who was admitted with aphasia and hemiparesis due to basal ganglia infarction as a result of spontaneous dissection of the internal carotid artery. The difficulties in diagnosing this disease with CT and MRI in the acute stage are demonstrated. Angiography is still imperative in order to ascertain that a carotid dissection has occurred.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

A new transducer technology--the annular phased array: comparison with a conventional mechanically rotating sector transducer: the upper abdomen.

During a 3-month period, 285 patients underwent ultrasonographic examination of the upper abdomen. Scanning was done with a new annular phased array transducer, and a conventional rotating sector transducer. Our study indicates that the annular phased array is more effective for outlining boundaries of the liver, spleen and pancreas in the near and far field. Owing to improved lateral resolution, the new technology permits US imaging of parenchymal organs, even in cases of severe bowel gas obscuration.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1985

[Balloon catheter technic and embolization--new therapeutic approaches in cerebral and spinal blood vessel malformations].

Balloon catheter and embolization techniques continue to gain importance in the therapy of cerebral and spinal vascular malformations. These methods are applied either preoperatively to improve outset conditions for the operation or as an independent therapeutic measure to partially or completely bypass the malformation. So far the balloon catheter and embolization techniques are applied only within a limited field. Nevertheless, this fairly recently developed method is already indispensable in the therapeutic repertory. There are as yet no generally acknowledged principles with regard to indications for these procedures. Therefore, neurologists, neurosurgeons and neuroradiologists have to be included in the process of decision making.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗