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Biomedical subjects

S Tomizawa

Publications and source records attributed to S Tomizawa.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Differences in level and avidity of secretory IgA antibodies in breast milk of Swedish, Indian and Japanese mothers to soybean protein.

Colostrum was collected from Swedish, Indian and Japanese mothers. The samples were as a mean, collected 4.00-4.25 days after delivery of term infants. The level of specific IgA antibody to 2S, 7S and crude soybean antigen were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The avidity of the IgA antibodies to 7S soybean antigen was also measured with an ELISA system using different molarities of potassium thiocyanate for elution of the specific IgA antibody from solid phase-bound antigen. The level of specific IgA antibody to 7S and crude soybean antigen in the milk of the Indian mothers was significantly higher than in the milk of the Japanese mothers (p less than or equal to 0.01). In contrast, the avidity expressed as the molarity of KSCN for 50% elution of IgA antibody to 7S soybean antigen in the milk of the Japanese mothers was significantly higher than in the milk of the Indian mothers (p less than 0.01).

Antibody Affinity↗
PubMed1991

[A case of pulmonary embolism following acute respiratory failure with hypercapnia].

A 18-year-old boy was admitted to hospital in an unconsciousness state as a result of taking a large dose of several psychotropic drugs simultaneously in an attempt to commit suicide. Blood studies revealed hypoxia (55.7 mmHg) and hypercapnia (59.7 mmHg). Hypoxia (74.3 mmHg) and hypercapnia (46.7 mmHg) were still present on the fourth day after admission, and the patient was becoming lethargic. Reduced vascular markings in the right upper lung field on chest roentgenogram in spite of hypercapnia suggested that the persistent hypoxia was the result of a pulmonary embolism. This diagnosis was supported by a perfusion defect on 99mTc-MAA scintigram and arterial obstruction in right pulmonary angiogram. Hypercapnia is an unusual finding in pulmonary embolism, and in this case was considered due to depression of respiration by psychotropic drugs.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[The role of thoracoscopy in pleural biopsy in cases with pleural effusion].

Between April 1985 and July 1989, 125 cases with pleural effusion were admitted to our department. The causes of pleural effusion were carcinomatous pleurisy in 47 cases, infection without tuberculosis in 34 cases, tuberculous pleurisy in 17 cases, cardiac insufficiency and hypoproteinemia in 11 cases, trauma and pneumothorax in nine cases, collagen disease in two cases and unknown origin in five cases. Carcinomatous pleurisy and tuberculous pleurisy, the differential diagnosis of which is very important, comprised 37% and 14% of all cases, respectively. These diseases can be definitively diagnosed by pleural biopsy, effusion cytology and/or effusion culture. In July 1987, we introduced thoracoscopy to improve the ratio of definitive diagnoses. The ratio for carcinomatous pleurisy in the previous term, when thoracoscopy was not being used, was 59%, while that in the latter term, when it was used, was 73%. The ratio for all cases with tuberculous pleurisy was 47%. Prior to June 1987, pleural biopsies in our department were performed with a Cope needle. Using that procedure, a low positive ratio of 50% was obtained. For thoracoscopic pleural biopsies, a high positive ratio of 84% was achieved (in carcinomatous pleurisy, 13 out of 15 cases; in tuberculous pleurisy, three out of four cases). This procedure was performed with minimal patient discomfort and no serious complications. Therefore, thoracoscopic pleural biopsy is recommended as a diagnostic procedure for cases with pleural effusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effect of supernatants derived from T lymphocyte culture in minimal change nephrotic syndrome on rat kidney capillaries.

The effect on the kidney capillaries of T lymphocyte culture supernatants from patients with minimal change nephrotic syndrome was studied by infusion into the left renal artery of rats. The supernatants of T lymphocyte cultures from nephrotic patients induced significant proteinuria and a reduction of anionic sites in the glomerular basement membrane of the kidneys in the rats. These changes were not produced in rats receiving equivalent supernatants from healthy controls.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical evaluation of fluconazole in patients with mycotic infection].

Fluconazole, a triazole antifungal agent newly developed by Pfizer Inc.. was given orally to 4 patients with deep mycosis. Fluconazole was markedly effective against septicemia due to Candida and oral candidiasis accompanied with lingual ulcer in spite of seriousness of these underlying disease. In 2 patients with aspergilloma, eradication or contraction of fungus ball was observed and the drug was judged to be effective. In vitro MICs of fluconazole against clinically isolated Aspergillus spp. were much higher than its serum levels leaving a large discrepancy between in vitro activity and clinical efficacy. Although the dosage was 100-300 mg daily for 8 days to 6 months, neither adverse reactions nor laboratory parameter abnormalities were observed. The above results suggest that fluconazole is a useful agent in the treatment of fungal infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity against Tamm-Horsfall protein in acute pyelonephritis.

The cytotoxic activity of leukocytes from humans and rats with pyelonephritis were examined in an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity assay (ADCC) with CrCl3-treated erythrocytes coated with Tamm-Horsfall (TH) as target cells. The specificity of the ADCC was confirmed by absorption with TH urinary glycoprotein and inhibition of the ADCC activity seen with polyclonal rabbit anti-TH antisera by monoclonal mouse antibodies. The ADCC activity detected in children with acute pyelonephritis was low in the initial phase of the disease, but increased significantly 9 days after the start of antibacterial treatment. In rats with experimental pyelonephritis, ADCC activity decreased significantly with increased duration of infection. Depletion of cells adhering to carbonyl iron led to higher ADCC activity. During the course of the infection the difference in ADCC activity between effector cell preparations depleted using carbonyl iron and those not depleted decreased. The decreased ADCC activity demonstrated during acute pyelonephritis may point to mechanisms operating to diminish the risk of tissue damage.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Demonstration of the presence of digoxin-like immunoreactive substance (DLIS) in the serum and urine in children with nephrotic syndrome.

Longitudinal changes of digoxin-like immunoreactive substance (DLIS) in serum and urine from nephrotic children have been studied. The magnitude of DLIS in samples was measured by digoxin RIA kit. The binding activity to the ouabain receptor was measured by radioreceptor assay using crude rat brain synaptosomal fraction. In five cases of nephrosis, the mean value of DLIS in diuresis was significantly higher than during other stages (p less than 0.05). It was also higher than the levels recorded for six patients with nephritis (p less than 0.05). The presence of DLIS in the urine followed a similar pattern. The positive correlation between urine DLIS and ouabain-like substance (OLS) corrected by creatinine was observed for one month after the onset of nephrosis. The present study indicates the presence of DLIS in the serum and urine from patients with nephrosis which have the binding activity to the ouabain receptor. DLIS may be involved in natriuresis and may regulate active sodium transport in nephrotic children.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1985

Studies of vascular permeability factor derived from T lymphocytes and inhibitory effect of plasma on its production in minimal change nephrotic syndrome.

Peripheral T lymphocytes from patients with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) and controls were treated for their ability to produce vascular permeability factors (VPF) without concanavalin A stimulation. In vitro cultures of T lymphocytes from active MCNS produced VPF in the supernatant, whereas T lymphocytes from inactive MCNS or normal subjects did not. Furthermore, the plasma from patients with active MCNS markedly inhibited VPF production when compared with plasma taken from inactive MCNS or fetal calf serum alone. However, the plasma from MCNS in neither the active nor the inactive stage had any direct blocking effect on VPF activity. These results seem to suggest that the plasma from patients with MCNS in the active stage inhibits VPF production, but does not neutralize T lymphocytes derived VPF activity.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Analysis of data in square contingency tables with ordered categories using the conditional symmetry model and its decomposed models.

For the analysis of square contingency tables with ordered categories, three kinds of decompositions for the conditional symmetry model derived by Tomizawa are simply described. Using the conditional symmetry model and its decomposed models, this paper analyzes the data of unaided distance vision of women in Britain first analyzed by Stuart, the data of unaided distance vision of students in a university in Japan, and the data of unaided distance vision of pupils at elementary schools at a city in Tokyo.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Fundamental and clinical studies on cefoperazone in pediatrics, with special reference to renal toxicity].

Fundamental, clinical studies on cefoperazone (CPZ), a new synthetic antibiotic of cephalosporins was conducted to obtain results as follows. This preparation, 11.4-50 mg/kg was administered to 11 cases of children by intravenous drip infusion for 30 minutes, and serum levels were studied. The highest serum level at the completion of infusion was 40.0-138.0 mcg/ml. A dose response was observed. The half-life in serum averaged 1.55 hours except 2.4 hours observed with 1 case of liver dysfunction. When the urinary excretion during 30 minutes drip infusion was examined, the urinary recovery rate at 0-6 hours in 2 cases of children averaged 17.2% and was low at 5.3% in 1 case of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. In terms of the clinical effect on bacterial infections in pediatric field, CPZ proved effective in all of the 21 cases in which it was used alone. And it showed an excellent antibacterial activity against all the bacteria isolated from cases used as the subjects. When side effects were studied, diarrhea and slight impairment of the liver were observed, but all were transient. As a result of a study on the renal toxicity of CPZ, CPZ was deemed as being a drug which hardly causes disturbance of renal tubules judging from the aspect of the beta-D-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity in urine and variations in the urine beta 2-microglobulin levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Induction of intestinal tumors in rats by dextran sulfate sodium.

The carcinogenicity of dextran sulfate sodium was studied in inbred ACI rats. In group 1, 10 male rats were fed a 10% dextran sulfate sodium diet; in group 2, 14 male and 12 female rats were fed a 5% dextran sulfate sodium diet; and in the control group, 9 male and 9 female rats were given the basal diet without dextran sulfate sodium. After the start of the feeding regimen, all rats given the 10% dextran sulfate sodium diet died of severe diarrhea and anemia within 14 days and 15 of 23 surviving rats fed a 5% dextran sulfate sodium diet developed intestinal tumors between 134 and 215 days. These tumors were induced in the colon and cecum and consisted of adenomas, adenocarcinomas, and papillomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗