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Biomedical subjects

S Tojo

Publications and source records attributed to S Tojo.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Acute renal failure due to rhabdomyolysis--clinical investigation on our 6 cases].

Six cases of acute renal failure (ARF) due to rhabdomyolysis were experienced between 1984 and 1989. Patients' ages ranged from 33 to 92 years old (average ages 61) and all were male. The causes of rhabdomyolysis were as follows: one crush syndrome, one acute arterial occlusion, one diabetic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma and three cases of malignant syndrome due to neuroleptica (mainly haloperidol). Underlying diseases included, one case of abdominal aneurysm, two cases of diabetes mellitus, two cases of schizophrenia and one case of reactive psychosis. Dehydration was considered as an important factor in the onset of rhabdomyolysis and ARF, because it was observed in 4 of the cases in this study. In all cases, the serum levels of potassium, phosphorus and uric acid as well as myoglobin and myogenic enzymes increased markedly. In patients with myoglobinuric ARF, severe metabolic acidosis and hypocalcemia in the oliguric phase and hypercalcemia in the diuretic phase were prominent. Muscle biopsy showed myolytic degeneration in 2 of 4 cases. Five cases were treated with hemodialysis and one case was managed conservatively. All 6 cases had relatively good prognosis. However, 3 cases with malignant syndrome showed outcomes more severe than in the other 3 cases without such syndrome.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1979

Immunohistochemical interaction on antisera to HCG and its subunits with chorionic tissue of early gestation.

Immunohistochemical localization of hCG and its subunits in chorionic tissue of early gestation was carried out. Antibodies to purified hCG and its subunits were obtained by using these agents for immunization according to the small doses method. The antibody titers and specificities were examined by B/T and standard curves in homologous radioimmunoassay system. The tissue preparations were stained both by a direct and by an indirect method utilizing these antisera and observing the specimens under a fluorescent microscope. The results were as follows. 1) With the anti-hCG staining, fluorescence was observed in the syncytiotrophoblasts as reported previously while the cytotrophoblast were stained slightly. 2) with the anti-hCG-beta staining, the fluorescence was almost identical with that of hCG and showed a more distinct pattern. 3) with the anti-hCG-alpha staining, the fluorescence was found both in the syncytio- and cytotrophoblasts concurrently. Fluorescence of the latter cells was recognized as due to free alpha-subunit because cytotrophoblast was scarcely stained with anti-hCG and anti-hCG-beta.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1979

The clinical evaluation of the simultaneous measurements of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and its alpha-subunit in sera of patients with trophoblastic diseases.

The concentrations of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and its free immunoreactive alpha-subunit (hCG-alpha) in the sera of patients with trophoblastic diseases were measured by hCG and hCG-alpha radioimmunoassay (RIA), respectively. In the sera of 12 women with hydatidiform mole large amounts of hCG and considerably high level of hCG-alpha were detected in all cases. After the evacuation of mole the serum level of these glycoproteins decreased, the leve of hCG-alpha declined more rapidly than hcg. in the sera of patients with destructive mole the concentration of hCG-alpha was usually lower than that of hCG. After hysterectomy and chemotherapy the levels of hCG-alpha declined practically paralleling that of hCG. However, when hCG had decreased to undetectable level, hCG-alpha could no longer be detected in all cases. Although in the serum of patient with choriocarcinoma involving the uterus and lungs the concentration of hCG-alpha was almost as high as that of hCG, the secretory pattern of hCG and hCG-alpha might not be closely related. The changes in the serum level of free hCG-alpha as well as that of hCG parelled the clinical course of the patients examined in this study. The present results suggest that measurements of the serum free hCG-alpha may be a useful parameter to follow the clinical course and to evaluate the efficacy of treatments of trophoblastic diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Diagnostic evaluation of progesterone. Challenge test in amenorrheic patients.

Forty-one amenorrheic patients were grouped on the basis of presence or absence of withdrawal uterine bleeding following the intramuscular administration of progesterone. Ovarian volume, ovarian morphology with particular reference to presence or absence of follicles and state of follicular development, and steroidogenic function were investigated in each group. Most of amenorrheic patients with progesterone-induced uterine bleeding had relatively large ovaries with follicles of high developmental stage (tertiary-Graafian follicle) and responded to exogenously administered HMG and HCG with a rise in the 24-hour urinary excretion of total estrogens. In contrast, most of amenorrheic patients without progesterone-induced uterine bleeding had relatively small ovaries without follicles or with follicles of low developmental stage (primordial-secondary follicle) and did not respond to exogenous HMG and HCG. The results of the present study suggest that presence or absence of progesterone-induced uterine bleeding is closely correlated with the volume, morphology and steroidogenic function of the ovary in amenornorrheic patients. Thus, pathologic amenorrhea could be divided into two groups by utilizing the progesterone challenge test and this clinical categorization might be useful for the diagnosis and treatment of amenorrheic patients.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1979

Structures of the asparagine-linked sugar chains of human chorionic gonadotropin.

The asparagine-linked sugar chains of human chorionic gonadotropin were released from the polypeptide moiety by hydrazinolysis followed by N-acetylation and NaB3H4 reduction. More than 90% of the released radioactive oligosaccharides contained N-acetylneuraminic acid residues. After removal of N-acetylneuraminic acid residues by sialidase treatment, two neutral oligosaccharide fractions were obtained by paper chromatography. Sequential exoglycosidase digestion revealed that one of them was a mixture of two neutral oligosaccharides. The complete structures of the three oligosaccharides were elucidated by methylation analysis. It was confirmed that all the N-acetylneuraminic acid residues of the asparagine-linked sugar chains of human chorionic gonadotropin occur as NeuAc alpha 2 leads to 3Gal groupings by comparing the methylation analysis data for the acidic oligosaccharide mixture before and after sialidase treatment. Based on these results, the structures of the asparagine-linked sugar chains of human chorionic gonadotropin were confirmed to be +/- NeuAc alpha 2 leads to 3Gal beta 1 leads to 4GlcNAc beta 1 leads to 2Man alpha 1 leads to 6(NeuAc alpha 2 leads to 3Gal beta 1 leads to 4GlcNAc beta 1 leads to 2Man alpha 1 leads to 3)Man beta 1 leads to 4GlcNAc beta 1 leads to 4(+/- Fuc alpha 1 leads to 6)GlcNAc and Man alpha 1 leads to 6(NeuAc alpha 2 leads to 3 Gal beta 1 leads to 4 GlcNAc beta 1 leads to Man alpha 1 leads to 3)Man beta 1 leads to 4 GlcNAc beta 1 leads to 4GlcNAc.

Asparagine↗
PubMed1978

Fat body protein granules and storage proteins in the silkmoth, Hyalophora cecropia.

Fat body cells of silkmoth pupae (Hyalophora cecropia ) contain granules, showing a less dense outer zone and a denser, often crystalline, inner portion appear after cocoon spinning and increase until the larval-pupal ecdysis; more granules are formed in females than in males. Urate granules, appearing fibrous in internal structure, first form about the same time, but their accumulation is more gradual, and continues in the pupa. Both types have been isolated by centrifugation. Protein granules dissolve in buffers to yield proteins 1 and 2, with distinct electrophoretic and antigenic properties. These proteins have been isolated individually from pupal fat body extracts by using their different thermal stabilities in phosphate buffer containing MgCl2 and (NH4)2SO4, respectively, and purification was completed by gel chromatography. Protein 1 has a molecular weight of 480,000 and a subunit of 85,000 daltons, while protein 2 gives values of 530,000 and 89,000, respectively. Their amino acid compositions are similar but distinct. Proteins 1 and 2 accumulate in the hemolymph, beginning 3 days before spinning, reach maximal levels at spinning, and then decline in the hemolymph while granules are formed in the fat body, although the total hemolymph protein concentration does not decline at this time. It is concluded that the fat body of the late, feeding larva synthesizes two related "storage proteins" and secretes them in partially crystalline granules as protein reserves for metamorphosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Dipyridamole therapy in the nephrotic syndrome.

Dipyridamole was used in 30 cases of nephrotic syndrome, mostly of intractable type. The results indicate that the drug therapy proved to be effective in decreasing urinary protein and controlling nephrotic condition in 40% of the cases after an initial period of treatment. Long-term results of the drug on urinary protein and on nephrotic condition were rated as good in 36.7 and 53.3%, respectively, of the cases treated. The exact mechanism of action of dipyridamole in the nephrotic syndrome is still obscure in many respects. However, the fact that the drug shares its anti-platelet action with the non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, e.g. aspirin and indomethacin, and the rapidity with which it produces its urinary protein-decreasing effect, strongly suggests that it inhibits the release of vasoactive amines and other chemical mediators from blood platelets. As far as the present study is concerned, adverse side effects of dipyridamole were few or minimal, even when the drug used in large doses over a prolonged period of time. From these results it is considered that dipyridamole provides a new remedy which is worthy of trying in nephrotic syndrome as a means of reducing the requirement of steroids and immunosuppressive drugs.

Adolescent↗