Meconium staining of amniotic fluid and its association with fetal distress and gestational age.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Amniotic Fluid↗
Biomedical subjects
S Thomas
Publications and source records attributed to S Thomas.
Spectrum of respiratory distress syndrome in the newborn in North India: a prospective study.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Female↗
Three cases of myocarditis in childhood associated with human parvovirus (B19 virus).
We report three childhood cases of myocarditis associated with human parvovirus (B19 virus). All three children presented with significant cardiac decompensation, with one requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support. Left ventricular function was severely impaired in all three. Myocardial biopsy confirmed histological myocarditis and was positive for B19 virus by nested polymerase chain reaction. Serum was positive for IgG B19 virus but negative for IgM in all three cases. All three children were treated with diuretics, ACE inhibitors, and immunosuppression. Prednisone and cyclosporin were continued until there was echocardiographic and histological improvement. All made a full clinical and echocardiographic recovery.
Child↗
Re: in situ formation of a loop snare for retrieval of a foreign body without a free end.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Bile Ducts↗
Responses of HUVEC and EAhy926 to heparin and fibroblast growth factors.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Blood↗
HCO3- dehydration by the blood of an elasmobranch in the absence of a Haldane effect.
We measured in vivo arterial PCO2 and CaCO2 in Scyliorhinus canicula and found them to be very low (approximately 1 Torr and 3 mmol l-1 respectively). In vitro, the Haldane effect was functionally absent, and there was no detectable beta-adrenergic Na+/H+ exchange, in contrast to teleosts. The HCO3- dehydration rate of the blood, measured by a radioisotopic assay (Wood and Perry, J. Exp. Biol. 157:349-366, 1991), was independent of steady-state deoxygenation or oxygenation, unaffected by rapid oxygenation, and insensitive to isoprenaline, amiloride, and removal of urea or TMAO. SITS and acetazolamide reduced the rate; HCO3-/Cl- exchange rather than intracellular carbonic anhydrase (CA) was the rate-limiting factor. The rate was not altered by steady-state plasma [HCO3-], but increased linearly with PCO2 and with RBC concentration, saturating at hematocrits > or = 15%. The rate in separated plasma accounted for approximately 50% of the whole blood rate, was higher than in trout plasma or saline, and was inhibited by acetazolamide. The presence of CA in the normally circulating blood plasma of dogfish may contribute to highly efficient CO2 excretion in vivo.
Adrenergic Agents↗
Abdominal wall and stomach perforation following accidental electrocution with high tension wire: a unique case.
The usual form of direct gastrointestinal injury following high-tension electric injury is widespread necrosis of the colon or the small intestine. It usually occurs in combination with extensive electric burns of the overlying abdominal wall. We report a case of immediate post-electrocution abdominal wall and stomach perforation following high tension electric injury. The total absence of coagulation necrosis of the stomach or other portions of the gastrointestinal tract and the absence of burns of the abdominal wall were other unique features of the case reported. The patient was successfully treated.
Abdominal Muscles↗
Group B streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome with fulminant cellulitis.
Nonperipartum group B streptococcus infection usually occurs in elderly persons and in patients with underlying systemic diseases (e.g., diabetes, malignancy, or alcoholism). Group B streptococcal infections in adults are often life threatening, and have been associated with a toxic shock-like syndrome. We present a case of fulminant group B streptococcal cellulitis in a patient with sarcoidosis who was receiving corticosteroid therapy and who became hypotensive as her cellulitis rapidly progressed to involve her entire right thigh.
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
Distinct responses of the herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus immediate early promoters to the cellular transcription factors Brn-3a and Brn-3b.
The related viruses herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella zoster virus (VZV) show distinct but related patterns of latent infection and reactivation in human sensory ganglia. The cellular POU family transcription factors Brn-3a and Brn-3b are expressed in sensory ganglia and bind to the TAATGARAT (R stands for purine) regulatory motifs in the immediate-early gene promoters of these viruses. We show that Brn-3a activates the full length HSV IE1 promoter whereas Brn-3b represses its activity. In contrast both Brn-3a and Brn-3b activate the full length VZV IE promoter. The response of the full length VZV promoter to Brn-3b is not observed with a minimal VZV immediate-early promoter lacking any TAATGARAT elements and cannot be restored by addition of either the upstream TAATGARAT-containing region of the HSV IE promoter or a VZV TAATGARAT-like element to this minimal promoter. The unique effect of Brn-3b on the full length VZV immediate early gene promoter may play a key role in the distinct pattern of latent infection and reactivation observed with this virus in vivo.
Cells, Cultured↗
Incidence rates of erectile dysfunction in the Dutch general population. Effects of definition, clinical relevance and duration of follow-up in the Krimpen Study.
This study aims to describe the incidence rate of erectile dysfunction (ED) in older men in the Netherlands according to three definitions. The influence of the duration of follow-up on the incidence rate is also explored. In a large community-based follow-up study, 1661 men aged 50-75 y completed the International Continence Society sex questionnaire and a question on sexual activity, at baseline and at a mean of 2.1 and 4.2 y of follow-up. We defined 'ED' as a report of erections with 'reduced rigidity' or worse; 'Significant_ED' as 'severely reduced rigidity' or 'no erections'; and 'Clinically_Relevant_ED' as either 'ED' reported as 'quite a problem' or 'a serious problem', or 'Significant_ED' reported as at least 'a bit of a problem'. Incidence rates of ED status were calculated in those men who completed at least one period of follow-up and were not diagnosed with prostate cancer (n = 1604). For 'ED' the incidence rate (cases per 1000 person-years) is 99 and ranges over the 10-y age groups from 77 (50-59 y) to 205 (70-78 y); for 'Significant_ED' these rates were 33, 21, and 97, respectively and for 'Clinically_Relevant_ED' 28, 25, and 39, respectively. In general, incidence rates should not vary with the duration of follow-up. However, for 'ED' the 4.2 y incidence rate is about 69% of the 2.1 y incidence rate. This study presents incidence rates, for the general population, as well as based on a definition of ED that takes concern/bother into account. 'Clinically_Relevant_ED' has a lower increase in incidence with increasing age than other definitions that do not take concern/bother into account. The phenomenon of lower incidence rates with longer duration of follow-up may account for the differences in reported incidence rates between different studies. The effects of differences related to the duration of follow-up should be taken into consideration in future incidence reports.
Age Factors↗
A historically controlled trial of tyrosine for cocaine dependence.
Cocaine dependence continues to be a major public health problem and efforts to develop pharmacotherapies have been disappointing. Chronic cocaine use is believed to cause catecholamine depletion and similarities exist between cocaine withdrawal and major depression. Tyrosine is the dietary precursor to catecholamines and has yielded positive results in small trials of its antidepressant efficacy. Tyrosine 2 g every 8 hours was administered on an open-label basis to 49 cocaine-dependent individuals, as an adjunct to intensive out-patient drug abuse counseling. Retention in treatment at 90 days was compared to data from a control group of 80 subjects who had received 10 mg of imipramine per day in an earlier trial. Median retention was 17 days in both groups. No side effects were reported by the subjects receiving tyrosine. These results do not support the utility of tyrosine in the treatment of cocaine dependence.
Adolescent↗
Social cognitive factors associated with mother-adolescent communication about sex.
To better understand why some mothers talk to their children about sex and others do not, we examined the role of two social cognitive variables--self-efficacy and outcome expectancies--in explaining sex-based communication. The present study was part of a larger study to test the efficacy of two HIV prevention programs for mothers and their adolescents. Mothers and their adolescents were recruited from a large community organization that serves youth who live in disadvantaged circumstances. The sample for the present study included 486 mothers who averaged 38.4 years of age (SD = 6.73). The majority were African American (97.7%), not married (66.7%), and had a high school degree (89.5%). Their adolescents ranged in age from 11 through 14 years of age and most were male (61.3%). The results of the analysis revealed that mothers who expressed higher levels of self-efficacy and more favorable outcomes associated with talking to their children about sex were more likely to do so. In a regression analysis, we learned that the mother's degree of efficacy beliefs, along with her expected outcomes associated with talking about sex, the importance of religious beliefs to her, and the age and sex of her adolescents were important factors associated with talking with them about sex.
Adolescent↗
Delegation competencies. Beginning practitioners' reflections.
Workplace realities require nurses to delegate an increasing number of nursing tasks. How well are nurses prepared for this skill? Using a focus group format, the authors explore how recently graduated baccalaureate nurses feel about the delegation experience from their perspective as practicing nurses. The responses of the graduates indicate that delegation skills are learned by trial and error in the workplace, rather than through planned educational opportunities. They reported that inadequate education was the single most important hindrance in their becoming skillful delegators. Pertinent considerations for educators are discussed.
Adult↗
Creating a nursing home page on the World Wide Web.
The authors provide a brief overview of the internet and home pages on the World Wide Web. Definitions of Web terminology are provided to help the reader understand home page creation. The authors also describe the steps in electronic publishing and how to create a home page. Supplemental tables provide internet addresses for nursing and non-nursing sites for reviewal of other home pages. The article continues with information about design, formatting, adding text and images, and dissemination suggestions for home pages. Examples of home pages and instruction commands (tags) are provided. The future of Web publishing is discussed, and issues and concerns are raised regarding electronic publishing.
Computer Communication Networks↗
Adolescent anger: a developmental study.
This research examined adolescent anger in a cohort of adolescents measured twice, once during the freshman year and again in the senior year of high school. Anger was measured by the Anger Index, a questionnaire developed by Siegel (1984). The purpose of the research was to determine if adolescent anger changed over time and if there were gender differences. Results of the study indicated that anger scores appeared to be stable over time for both boys and girls. There were gender and time differences on individual responses for several items, indicating that certain dimensions of anger may differ over time and by gender. It also appeared possible that the interpretation of certain questions on the anger index was different for the adolescents at the two time intervals.
Adolescent↗
From frustration to red fury: a description of work-related anger in male registered nurses.
This article is Part II of a three part article. Part I described work-related anger experiences of female registered nurses, and in this article findings from a companion study of male RNs are presented. In phenomenological interviews, male nurses describe their work environment as hostile, causing them to be on the defensive and less productive. Sources of angle included attacks from physicians, coworkers, and managers; lack of assistance and support from peers; and differential treatment based on gender. The men stated they were called upon for physical tasks rather than for their nursing knowledge. Severed relationships and feelings of guilt, powerlessness, isolation, humiliation, and incompetence were concomitant with, or consequences of, anger. Part III provides recommendations for channeling anger constructively.
Adult↗
Evaluation of the PAPNET system for prescreening triage of cervicovaginal smears.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the PAPNET System for prescreening triage of cervical smears. STUDY DESIGN: We prospectively prescreened 5,170 consecutive cervicovaginal smears with the PAPNET System. The slides were then manually screened by cytotechnologists blinded to the PAPNET diagnoses. Cases identified as abnormal by either PAPNET or manual screening were reviewed by a cytopathologist. The PAPNET and manual diagnoses were correlated. RESULTS: Diagnostic concordance between PAPNET and manual screening was seen in 4,340 (84%) of the cases (3,167 negative, 1,038 abnormal and 135 unsatisfactory). Noncorrelation between PAPNET and manual diagnosis occurred in 794 cases (543 abnormal by PAPNET and negative manually, 228 negative by PAPNET and abnormal manually, 8 abnormal by PAPNET and unsatisfactory manually, 29 unsatisfactory by PAPNET and negative manually, 7 negative by PAPNET and unsatisfactory manually). The diagnostic sensitivity of the PAPNET System was 82%, diagnostic specificity 85%, predictive value of a positive test 66% and predictive value of a negative test 93.4%. The false negative fraction of PAPNET was 6.4% for low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and above. CONCLUSION: PAPNET performed effectively for prescreening triage, increasing the accuracy of screening and reducing the screening time.
Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
Efficiency of PAPNET in detecting infectious organisms in cervicovaginal smears.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of the PAPNET system in identifying microbial organisms. STUDY DESIGN: Two hundred forty-nine previously screened cervicovaginal smears with a diagnosis of an infectious agent were rescreened by PAPNET system. The images were reviewed on a high-resolution monitor and the presence or absence of coccobacilli, trichomonads, and Candida and herpes organisms was noted. RESULTS: Of 99 cervicovaginal smears with excessive coccobacilli, 16 were missed by PAPNET (percentage of accuracy, 84). Only 60% of Candida organisms (33 of 55) and 77% of trichomonads (42 of 54) were identified by PAPNET. Herpesvirus was diagnosed correctly on PAPNET in 24 of 41 cases. Two or more infectious agents were present in 14 cases, 5 of which were correctly identified by PAPNET. The accuracy of PAPNET in identifying infectious organism when measured against manual screening was 70%, with a high false negative rate (30%). CONCLUSION: The PAPNET system identifies coccobacilli, trichomonads and Candida organisms in decreasing order of frequency, missing a high percentage of Candida organisms and trichomonads (40% and 33%, respectively), the most common causative agents in female genital tract infections.
Animals↗