Biomedical subjects

S Tarui

Publications and source records attributed to S Tarui.

530 records · Page 30Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

MR imaging of the brain in myelopathy associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I.

We report the demonstration by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of brain involvement in two of four subjects with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) associated myelopathy. The four cases had slowly progressive spastic paraparesis, urinary incontinence, and positive HTLV-I antibodies in serum or CSF or both. Magnetic resonance revealed areas of abnormal intensity in the cerebral hemispheres of two of these cases; one of them also showed brain stem involvement. No spinal cord lesion could be detected in any case by MR.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of two species of low density lipoprotein particles in cholesteryl ester transfer protein deficiency.

By equilibrium density gradient ultracentrifugation, we analyzed the chemical composition and particle size of low density lipoproteins (LDLs) in 16 subfractions separated from the LDL fractions (1.019 less than d less than 1.063 g/ml) of two hyperalphalipoproteinemic patients who had a deficiency of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP). The LDLs of these patients comprised a group of heterogeneous lipoprotein particles distributed almost equally in a wide density range from d = 1.025 g/ml to d = 1.053 g/ml, whereas LDLs from normal controls were a homogeneous group of lipoprotein particles distributed in a narrow density range from d = 1.030 g/ml to d = 1.046 g/ml. The LDL in each subfraction derived from the patients' plasma samples was poor in cholesteryl ester and rich in triglycerides and apolipoproteins. Each subfraction of normal control LDL contained only one species of homogeneous LDL particles, which progressively decreased in size with an increase in the density of the fraction. In contrast, each subfraction of patient LDL contained two species of LDL particles: smaller LDLs existed, in addition to those that were found to be identical to the normal control LDL particles observed in the corresponding subfractions. The intermediate density lipoproteins of the two patients were also composed of two species of lipoproteins. From these results, we speculate that two metabolic pathways may exist in the LDL formation process. In this process, the transfer of cholesteryl ester from high density lipoproteins by CETP may convert the smaller lipoprotein particles to the larger ones, forming the homogeneous LDL species.

Carrier Proteins↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Rearrangement, amplification and overexpression of c-Ha Ras gene in premalignant lesion of Turcot's syndrome.

Ras gene family (c-Ha, Ki, N ras) and c-myc proto-oncogenes were analyzed in seven colonic and three gastric adenomatous polyps obtained from a patient with Turcot's syndrome. The rearrangement and amplification as well as overexpression of c-Ha ras gene in one colonic adenomatous polyp were determined. The amplified c-Ha ras gene in this polyp revealed larger fragments of BamHI, PstI and SacI than those in the normal colonic mucosa from the same patient. But, such abnormalities were not observed in other polyps. No abnormalities of c-Ki ras, c-N ras or c-myc gene were observed in any polyps. These results suggest that the alternations of c-Ha ras gene in this patient may not be responsible for the adenomatous change, but may be related to the transition from adenoma to carcinoma of the colon.

Adenoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical pharmacology of human insulin of recombinant DNA origin in healthy volunteers.

The serum insulin, fractional absorption, serum human C-peptide, and plasma glucose responses of normal fasting subjects were compared after the subcutaneous and intravenous administration of human insulin (recombinant DNA) and Novo Actrapid insulin. While no statistical difference at each time point was observed between the two insulins, for each time point after 0.05 and 0.1 U/kg s.c., the 0-6 h area under curve (AUC) after the 0.05 U/kg dose was greater for human insulin than for pork insulin. There was no difference in the 0-6 h AUC after the 0.1 U/kg s.c. dose. The serum human C-peptide responses to the two insulins were virtually identical. With the 0.05 U/kg s.c. dose, hypoglycemic effect of human insulin was greater than for Actrapid. This difference did not occur after 0.1 U/kg s.c. Following intravenous administration using 0.05 U/kg, the serum IRI, serum C-peptide, and glucose responses were the same. These data indicate only slight differences between human insulin and Actrapid insulin.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Abnormal brainstem evoked potentials in diabetes mellitus. Evoked potential testings and magnetic resonance imaging.

Brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) and median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials (MN-SEPs) were measured in 53 diabetic patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed 12 patients with abnormal BAEPs and/or MN-SEPs in order to confirm the existence of lesions in the central nervous system. Twenty-six percent of the diabetic patients had abnormal BAEPs and three had a prolongation of the central conduction time in the MN-SEPs. MRI findings of ten of the 12 patients with abnormal BAEPs or MN-SEPs showed multiple small lesions in the pons, thalamus, and centrum semiovale etc. Two of them showed small lesion in the pontine basis which could induce prolonged interpeak latencies of BAEPs. Our MRI study might suggest that abnormal brainstem evoked potentials in diabetic patients were induced by diabetic macroangiopathy or microangiopathy.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Rounding of cultured human carcinoid tumor cells by forskolin.

A primary culture of carcinoid cells obtained from a metastasized brain tumor of a 30 year old man was established. Rounding of carcinoid cells was induced by the addition of 20 microM forskolin or 1 mM dibutyryl cyclic AMP to the culture medium. The cyclic AMP content in carcinoid cells was increased thirtyfold by the addition of 20 microM forskolin. The results provided evidence that cyclic AMP might also be involved in rounding of human malignant carcinoid cells.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative study of evoked potentials in multiple sclerosis and neuro-Behçet's syndrome.

We studied somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) in Japanese patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and those with neuro-Behcet's disease (NB). Abnormal cortical P37 of posterior tibial nerve SEPs or cervical N13 of median nerve SEPs were more frequently found in the MS patients than in the NB patients. On the other hand, prolongation of the central conduction time of median nerve SEPs or abnormal BAEPs were more common in NB than in MS. The present data showed that lesions were mainly present in the spinal cord in MS and in the brainstem in NB. SEPs and BAEPs were considered of great value for detecting the involvement of the central nervous system in MS and NB and distinguishing between these diseases.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Induction of differentiation of human phaeochromocytoma cells in culture by epidermal growth factor and insulin.

A primary culture of malignant phaeochromocytoma cells obtained from a left adrenal tumor of a 56 year old woman complaining of occasional palpitation and headache was established. The addition of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insulin to the culture medium induced a profound development of network formation of axon-like processes. At the same time, the secretion of catecholamines from cultured cells was also increased. EGF and insulin were demonstrated to induce the differentiation of malignant phaeochromocytoma cells in primary culture.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗