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Biomedical subjects

S Tarui

Publications and source records attributed to S Tarui.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Secretion of pyruvate and lactate in pancreatic juice induced by acetazolamide or secretin.

In vivo studies using pentobarbital sodium-anesthesized dogs were performed to investigate whether a transport pathway for pyruvate and lactate is present in the exocrine pancreas. Concentrations of both acids were measured in peripheral blood and pancreatic juice before and after intravenous 15-min administration of 2.25 mmol/kg DL-lactate, superimposed on continuous intravenous infusion of 3 U X kg-1 X h-1 secretin. The concentration ratio of lactate to pyruvate in pancreatic juice was found to be approximately 1, a lower value than found in other tissues or body fluids. D-lactate, not detected in either blood or juice during basal periods, rapidly appeared in both fluids in parallel with the physiological isomer L-lactate, after the infusion of DL-lactate. Further addition of acetazolamide or a high dose of secretin caused a marked secretory response of pyruvate and lactate with no increase in juice bicarbonate levels. We conclude that these acids can be transported from blood to lumen when the transmembrane pH gradient across the duct cell membranes is augmented by stimulants via a proton pump mechanism involving a CO2-HCO3-buffer system.

Acetazolamide↗
PubMed1986

Acute renal failure in McArdle's disease.

This is a report of a case of acute renal failure associated with McArdle's disease. A 45-year-old man had acute renal failure that required dialysis. His case was subsequently diagnosed as rhabdomyolysis secondary to McArdle's disease, a primary myopathy due to myophosphorylase deficiency. History-taking revealed nothing suspected to be responsible for precipitating the renal failure.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1986

Aspergillus vegetative endocarditis complicated with schizocytic hemolytic anemia in a patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia.

Aspergillus vegetative endocarditis developing in a patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia during the phase of hematological remission has led to a fatal outcome, complicated with severe hemolytic anemia with red cell fragmentation. Systemic aspergillosis may involve heart valves with underlying disorders, but seldom affects intact valves even in severely compromised hosts. Among such rare cases so far reported, only 2 cases have been documented in acute leukemia, despite a huge prevalence of pulmonary and systemic aspergillosis in hematological malignancies. Our present case is essentially the same as in the preceding two cases in that endocarditis occurred during the hematological remission. These clinical, observations may suggest that every leukemic patient suffering from aspergillosis is susceptible to the valvular complication after, rather than during, the period of severe myelosuppression, because platelets play an important role in the formation of thrombotic lesions.

Anemia, Hemolytic↗
PubMed1986

Increased plasma uric acid after exercise in muscle phosphofructokinase deficiency.

Type VII glycogenosis (muscle phosphofructokinase deficiency) is attended by hyperuricemia and hyperuricosuria. In one patient, we found that exercise on a bicycle ergometer increased plasma uric acid, inosine, and hypoxanthine levels. Forearm exercise also markedly increased venous inosine, hypoxanthine, and ammonia in the exercising arm of two patients. Exaggerated release of precursors for uric acid synthesis from exercising muscle may be related to the hyperuricemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Treatment of Kearns-Sayre syndrome with coenzyme Q10.

We studied the metabolism of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ) and the effects of CoQ therapy in five patients with Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS). Although the mitochondrial fraction was increased in muscles from KSS patients, CoQ content was slightly low. CoQ synthesis was normal in fibroblasts from KSS patients. Administration of 120 to 150 mg/d of CoQ improved abnormal metabolism of pyruvate and NADH oxidation in skeletal muscle. CoQ therapy decreased CSF protein concentration and CSF lactate/pyruvate ratio. ECG abnormalities and neurologic symptoms also improved.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Hypercalcemia in glucocorticoid withdrawal.

We found severe hypercalcemia in the course of hydrocortisone withdrawal in a patient who had undergone unilateral adrenalectomy to resect a cortisol-hypersecreting adenoma. Serum calcium gradually but progressively increased after unilateral adrenalectomy. Severe hypercalcemia developed on the 77th postoperative day (the 15th day after discontinuing hydrocortisone replacement). The serum concentration of calcium, PTH, 25(OH)D, and 1,25(OH)2D were 8.0 mEq/l, less than 100 pg/ml, 10.1 ng/ml and 29.6 pg/ml, respectively. This hypercalcemia was accompanied by marked urinary hydroxyproline excretion and less calcium excretion in the urine than the prevailing level of serum calcium. Serum concentrations of 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)2D and PTH were not elevated during the severe hypercalcemia. We concluded that the hypercalcemia in this patient was due in part to enhanced bone resorption and increased renal tubular reabsorption of calcium as a result of glucocorticoid withdrawal, but not to the elevation of serum PTH or serum 25(OH)D and serum 1,25(OH)2D.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1986

Demonstration of islet cell surface antibodies in sera of New Zealand black mice and inhibitory effect on insulin release.

Islet cell surface antibodies (ICSAs) in sera of New Zealand Black (NZB) and New Zealand White (NZW) mice were detected by the indirect immunofluorescence method with cultured Balb/c mouse islet cells as antigens. Circulating ICSAs appeared in NZB mice from age 20 wk; at 30 wk, 73% of male mice and 88% of female mice had detectable ICSAs. The ICSAs were significantly absorbed with mouse islet cells but hardly absorbed with spleen cells or liver powder. The ICSAs also bound with islet cells of ICR mice, Sprague-Dawley rats, and NZB mice. NZB mice showed glucose intolerance especially at ages 10 and 30 wk. Although plasma glucose levels tended to be higher in NZB mice with strongly positive ICSAs, pancreatic insulin content was not reduced, and insulitis was rarely observed in the pancreases. On the other hand, 30-wk-old NZW mice had normal or mildly impaired glucose tolerance and only weak, if any, ICSAs. The ICSA-positive serum of NZB mice significantly suppressed glucose-induced insulin release by cultured islet cells. The ICSAs may be responsible, at least in part, for glucose intolerance in NZB mice after age 20 wk through the inhibitory effect on insulin secretion.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

Formation of tubuloreticular inclusions in mitogen-stimulated human lymphocyte cultures by endogenous or exogenous alpha-interferon.

Tubuloreticular inclusions (TRI) were induced in normal blood lymphocytes after incubation with Staphylococcus aureus Cowan 1 (STA), but they were not induced by pokeweed mitogen (PWM), as we reported previously. TRI were also induced in Raji cells when grown in the medium of STA culture. Alpha-interferon (alpha IFN) was detected only in the medium of STA culture and not in PWM culture. The cells of PWM cultures formed TRI when exposed to various concentrations of human leukocyte alpha IFN. The incidences of TRI-positive cells in the presence of 50-500 IU/ml of alpha IFN were 3-5% on day 2 and increased to 10% on day 7. On days 5-7 of the PWM cultures, plasmacytoid cells containing TRI were seen not infrequently. In the presence of a high concentration of alpha IFN (10,000 IU/ml), which was sufficient to inhibit cell growth and differentiation, the growth of the TRI region was not altered and the incidence of TRI-positive cells was 9% on day 2 and increased to 15% on day 7. Our observations suggest that the TRI formation in STA culture is attributable to the alpha IFN produced endogenously by STA-stimulated cells and that some relationship might exist between the incidences of TRI-positive cells in these mitogen-stimulated cultures and the biologic functions of IFN.

Burkitt Lymphoma↗
PubMed1986

Idiopathic portal hypertension associated with Hashimoto's disease: report of three cases.

Three cases of idiopathic portal hypertension associated with Hashimoto's disease are described. All of the cases were middle-aged Japanese women showing splenomegaly, esophageal varices and pancytopenia in the absence of extrahepatic portal obstruction, and cirrhosis of the liver. Two patients were euthyroid with goiter, one of which revealed diffuse lymphocytic infiltration, obliteration of thyroid follicles, and fibrosis on histological examination of the thyroid; the third suffered from myxedema without goiter. Antithyroid microsomal antibody was positive in all patients and antithyroglobulin antibody was positive in none. These findings might imply an immunological role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic portal hypertension.

Female↗
PubMed1986

Mitogenic response of neoplastic B cells: comparison of reactivity to Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I and anti-immunoglobulin antibodies.

Neoplastic B cells from two patients with hyperleucocytic hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) and 19 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia of B cell Type (B-CLL) were investigated to examine the mitogenic responses to the F(ab')2 fraction of anti-human immunoglobulins (anti-Igs) and Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I (STA). Neoplastic cells from both HCL patients lacked surface Tac antigen. Mononuclear cells from the two HCL patients strongly responded to both anti-Igs and STA as measured by 3H-thymidine incorporation in vitro. Although the mononuclear cells from two patients with B-CLL showed high response to STA, cells from none of the patients with B-CLL responded to anti-Igs. Mononuclear cells as well as T-cell-depleted fractions from the two HCL patients showed a strong proliferative response by anti-gamma chain antibody (anti-gamma) and the mononuclear cells from one of the patients were also induced to proliferate by anti-delta, whereas those from normal subjects responded only to a high concentration of anti-mu. Based on the difference in reactivity to anti-Ig, it is suggested that the HCL cells in this study originate from a subset equivalent to 'memory' B cells, whereas the B-CLL cells originate from a subset equivalent to 'virgin' B cells.

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic↗
PubMed1986

Hyperphosphatemia as a detectable laboratory manifestation of glucocorticoid withdrawal syndrome.

We found hyperphosphatemia in five patients who had undergone unilateral adrenalectomy (ADX) for resection of cortisol-producing adenomas. The mean (+/- SEM) serum inorganic phosphorus level, theoretical renal phosphorus threshold and percent tubular phosphorus reabsorption rose from the preoperative level of 3.3 +/- 0.2 mg/dl, 2.6 +/- 0.2 mg/dl and 82.1 +/- 0.6%, to 6.0 +/- 0.2 mg/gl, 7.4 +/- 0.4 mg/dl and 95.9 +/- 1.0%, respectively, after ADX (P less than 0.001, P less than 0.001, P less than 0.001). Urinary phosphorus excretion decreased from 549 +/- 40 to 294 +/- 108 mg/day after ADX (P less than 0.05). Changes in serum calcium, serum sodium, serum potassium, serum chloride and creatinine clearance were not significant after ADX. Hyperphosphatemia may be the only abnormality found in serum electrolytes in glucocorticoid deficiency. It thus seems that hyperphosphatemia may be regarded as one of the clinical manifestations of the glucocorticoid withdrawal syndrome.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1986

Studies on the impaired metabolism of uric acid in obese subjects: marked reduction of renal urate excretion and its improvement by a low-calorie diet.

Uric acid metabolism was investigated in 27 overweight subjects, 11 men (176 +/- 30 percent of ideal body weight) and 16 women (169 +/- 20 percent of ideal body weight). They were all hospitalized and treated with low-calorie diets (1,500-800 kcal/day) with gradual reduction of total calorie intake; exercise therapy (walking, and riding a bicycle ergometer) was added to this regimen afterwards. On admission, serum levels of uric acid were significantly elevated to 9.2 +/- 1.9 mg/dl in males (control 5.1 +/- 0.8 mg/dl) (P less than 0.001) and 6.8 +/- 1.9 mg/dl in females (control 4.4 +/- 1.0 mg/dl) (P less than 0.001), while the ratios (percentages) of uric acid clearance (CuA) to creatinine clearance (Ccr) were significantly reduced to 4.0 +/- 2.1 percent in males (control 10.8 +/- 2.2 percent) (P less than 0.001) and 5.2 +/- 3.1 percent in females (control 11.8 +/- 2.9 percent) (P less than 0.001). Urinary urate excretions were also lower in obese subjects than in controls. These data suggest that hyperuricemia in obese people is mainly attributed to an impaired renal clearance of uric acid rather than overproduction. In the course of weight reduction by a low-calorie diet, CuA/Ccr ratios gradually rose up to almost normal levels and serum levels of uric acid fell without significant changes in creatinine clearance. This increase of CuA/Ccr ratio was also preserved after starting exercise therapy. The normalization of urate excretion was observed even at the phase when their body weight was not fully reduced. Although the underlying mechanism of the impaired urate excretion in obese patients and its improvement during weight reduction is as yet unclear, hyperuricemia associated with obesity can be treated very well only with appropriate diet therapy and in most cases there is no need for drug therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Two distinct human myeloma cell lines originating from one patient with myeloma.

Two distinct cell lines (OPM-1 and OPM-2) were established from the peripheral blood of a 56-year-old female myeloma patient at the stage of terminal leukemic evolution associated with loss of cytoplasmic immunoglobulin heavy chain (G lambda----lambda). The lines grew in suspension with a doubling time of 36-42 hr and 30-36 hr, respectively. EBNA was absent from both lines. The lines synthesized cytoplasmic lambda-chain, but had no detectable surface immunoglobulins. Fc receptors and complement receptors could not be detected in either line. The lines had very complex chromosomal abnormalities, but the patterns of chromosomes differed greatly between the two lines. The two lines, together with the RPMI 8226 line established by Matsuoka et al. (1967), were analyzed for phenotypic expression as defined by a panel of monoclonal antibodies to B cells (B1, BA-1, BA-2, BA-3, OKIa-1 and OKT10/BMA0100). Neither OPM-1 nor OPM-2 reacted with any of the antibodies tested except OKT10. OPM-1 cells reacted weakly (less than 30%) with OKT10/BMA0100, while OPM-2 cells showed a fluctuating reactivity, ranging from 40 to 80%, with OKT10/BMA0100. In contrast, RPMI 8226 reacted strongly with OKT10 and BA-2. These results demonstrate the presence of phenotypic heterogeneity in all 3 myeloma cell lines, suggesting that the lines might represent different stages of terminal B-cell development.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

Focal luxury perfusion with an early-filling vein in relation to neurological symptoms evoked by heat.

A 50-year-old man with a 1-year history of transient attacks of left total hemiparesis was admitted to hospital with a complaint of increasing frequency of attacks. Minimal or moderate left hemiparesis was elicited by elevation of environmental temperature when taking a hot bath or a hot shower. Right carotid angiography revealed an early-filling vein near the right central sulcus. An increase of focal luxury perfusion by elevation of body temperature seemed to cause relative ischaemia in this paracentral gyrus.

Cerebrovascular Circulation↗