[Experimental finding with a new type of fungicide].
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
S Tanneberger
Publications and source records attributed to S Tanneberger.
[Antineoplastic chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer].
Antineoplastic agents are active in advanced gastric cancer. With great probability polychemotherapy is more effective than single-drug treatment. With respect to the definition of the optimal polychemotherapy regimen there is more speculation than scientific evidence. At present mostly combinations containing fluorouracil + doxorubicin as FAM or FAMe are recommended. With such regimens remission rates of 40% and a mean survival time of 5-6 months can be expected. In conclusion the results of antineoplastic chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer are unsatisfactory. For the future are necessary, --intensive efforts synthesizing new compounds --further efforts concerning adequate investigations of all antineoplastic drugs active in solid tumours considering also new routes of administration (ftorafur oral) --qualified experimental and clinical research to elaborate active and well-defined polychemotherapy regimens basing on an adequate scientific background.
Antineoplastic Agents↗
[Chemotherapy of advanced breast cancer--actual results ].
The preliminary results of a prospective controlled study for a first-line-therapy in women with hormone-resistant advanced breast cancer are reported. Two therapy-regimens were compared: 1) cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and ftorafur (CMFt) and 2) cyclophosphamide and ftorafur (CFt). The overall objective response rate for both treatment groups was 30%, the duration of remission was 10 months in the CMFt-regimen and 5 months in the CFt-regimen. 21 patients were subsequently treated with the non-cross-resistant combination adriamycin and vincristine (AV) after either relapse or failure of the firstline modalities. 33% of the AV-group obtained further palliation with a median duration of 7 months, objective response was not seen.
Adult↗
[Pretherapeutical testing of antineoplastic drugs in vitro (author's transl)].
Prediction tests were performed in vitro an organ cultures of different solid human tumors. The effectivity of the antineoplastic drugs was determined by means of the remained 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA. DNA control values of different tumors (without drug) varying in a very high degree are analyzed and correspond to drug response rate in vitro. The correlation between results of sensitivity tests in vitro and therapeutic effectivity in vivo is discussed.
Antineoplastic Agents↗
Biological characterization of cells derived from a human breast carcinoma. I. Some characteristics of cells cultivated in vitro prior to and after transplantation into nude mice.
Single cells from a patient (B. E., 65 years) have been isolated by collagenase treatment and cultivated in vitro. The human tumour of the mammary gland showed predominantly simple undifferentiated and also tubular structures. The 5th in vitro passage of these cells was characterized by DNA-distribution pattern, cell doubling time, chromosome number, ultrastructure, hormone and drug sensitivity. Cells of the 5th in vitro passage were i.p. transplanted into nude mice. The characteristics of in vitro cultivated cells (5th in vitro passage) were compared with both ascitic cells (1703/A) and cells of solid tumour material (1703/S) grown in nude mice for several passages (0, 10, 21). DNA-distribution patterns, chromosome numbers and cell doubling times are in good correlation. The number of polyploid cells is increased in ascitic cells. These malignant cells are best able to proliferate in vitro after transplantation into nude mice. Ultrastructure examination of the 21st passage has shown similarity between cultured cells, ascitic cells and cells of solid tumour material grown in nude mice. Virus particles could be observed in cells of solid only. Estrogen binding could be observed in the original tumour material only. All other cell or tissue preparations contained no receptors. Drug sensitivity was changed in the case of Vinblastin, Daunoblastin and Sarkolysin treatment of cells of solid tumour material more than in ascitic cells grown in nude mice. The environment dependence of cells and biological differences between in vivo-in vitro tumours and human neoplasms has to be taken into account when using cells as in vivo or in vitro model systems in experimental and clinical cancer research.
Aged↗
[Clinical experience with the depot estrogen Turisteron in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer (author's transl)].
Turisteron is a depot estrogen with an average biological half-life of six days. It has the advantage compared to other oral estrogens that it can be administered once a week p.o. Forty late postmenopausal patients with metastatic breast cancer received Turisteron. Overall 19 (47,5%) had a positive response. An objective remission rate (tumor regression of greater than 50%) was achieved in 12 patients (30%). To date the mean duration of response is 27 months for complete remissions and 10 months for partial remissions. The risk-response relationship for Turisteron in older patients is favourable compared to that of polychemotherapy and it is therefore recommended that Turisteron be used as the initial therapy of choice for patients with metastatic breast cancer who are more than 5 years postmenopausal. Indications and contraindications for Turisteron are discussed in detail.
Aged↗
[Recent possibilities of an antimycotic therapy].
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Animals↗
[Hormonal therapy of the advanced breast cancer ].
In this review several possibilities of an individualized hormonal therapy of the advanced breast cancer are discussed. Tumors selected for hormonal therapy on the basis of a positive estrogen receptor respond to endocrine therapy at nearly twice the rate of those chosen by clinical criteria alone. The overall response can be predicted with an accuracy of about 75 per cent. Furthermore clinical tests like short time treatment with L-dopa or testosterone are liable for many subjective mistakes. If the multivalent analyse of various prognostic criteria will be better for predicting the mistakes. If the multivalent analyse of various prognostic criteria will be better for predicting the hormone sensitivity is up to now unknown. The paper gives several guides for the ablative and additive hormonal therapies.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
[Malignant neoplasms of the breast in the capital of the German Democratic Republic, Berlin, 1975-1979].
Some important data characterizing the situation in breast cancer control were analyzed in the capital of the German Democratic Republic, Berlin, during the period from 1975 to 1979. In comparison with former periods a progress is demonstrated by a decrease of the diagnostic interval, an increase of stages I and II (73%), an increase of patients treated with radical surgery (85.1%) and an improvement of the relative 5-year-survival rate (67.8% of all stages and age groups). The relative 5-year-survival rate is significantly higher in patients treated in a comprehensive cancer centre with strictly multidisciplinary treatment (75.8%) than in those treated in all other hospitals (63.5%). For patients treated in hospitals with less than 20 new cases per year the survival rate is significantly lower (59.4%), especially for the advanced stages III and IV. Further progress in breast cancer control can be expected by improvement of early detection, centralization of treatment in hospitals with specialized oncological team work and a well organized follow-up system.
Adult↗
DNA distribution patterns of preneoplastic cells and their interpretation. Stomach and cervix uteri.
Gastric mucosa and smears of the cervix uteri - both under normal conditions and in different pathological stages - were processed by flow cytometry. DNA distribution patterns were measured and compared. Special interest was focused on chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), checking its biological value and clinical importance with precancerous stages of the cervix uteri. In rare, distinct cases, CAG revealed carcinoma indicating DNA distribution patterns as distinct cases of dysplasia and Ca in situ of the cervix.
Biopsy↗
[Antineoplastic chemotherapy for cervical carcinoma (author's transl)].
The effectiveness of antineoplastic substances on cervical carcinoma is insufficient. While combined chemotherapy was found to be more effective than monotherapy, satisfactory results were not achieved either. When it comes to recurrent or metastatic cervical carcinoma, antineoplastic chemotherapy, therefore, is not recommended unless all surgical and radiotherapeutic means have been tried with no success. Benefit to the patient and expected molestation should be carefully weighed, before a decision is made.
Bleomycin↗
High risk breast cancer: long-term surgical adjuvant therapy based on predictive tests - preliminary report.
A surgical adjuvant therapy trial was started in 1974, in locoregionally advanced breast cancer. The adjuvant hormonal and cytostatic therapeutic regimen was administered according to the results of predictive tests: estrogen receptor (ER) assay and oncobiogram (group I); in the control group (0) no adjuvant therapy was given until relapse, but tests were performed like in group I. Preliminary results. In a subgroup with adjuvant chemotherapy, using one or more substances according to oncobiogram, with or without hormonal treatment, the treated women did highly-significantly better, compared with the untreated group. No advantage was seen from ovariectomy and/or anabolic steroids, either with or without Cytoxan (Test results: ER +, in vitro not growing tumours). Some doubt exists about the results: resistant, especially in testing cytostatics. This doubt and the rate of tumours, not growing in vitro, limit the use of predictive tests, concerning cytostatics. Further, one has to be cautious in the use of additive hormonal treatment in surgical adjuvant therapy: in some cases stimulation can not be excluded.
Adult↗
Influence of pH and serum on the effectivity of antineoplastic agents in vitro.
pH and serum are important factors in cell cultures in vitro. Only 47.4% of 3H-uridine incorporation were measured in cells incubated with medium pH 6.8 in comparison to control cultures (mesothelioma cells, 30th passage; pH 7.4; 3H-uridine incorporation 100%). Changes of pH can also influence the cytotoxic activity of 5-Fluorouracil (2.9 X 10(-4) M). We measured greater inhibition of 3H-uridine incorporation with medium pH 6.8 (79.9%) in comparison to medium pH 7.4 (54.0%). Influence of serum (10%) on the cytotoxicity of Viknblastine (7.4 X 10(-9)M) were measured. Foetal calf serum (FS 883) and calf serum (KS 132) showed similar effects on the inhibition of 3H-thymidine incorporation, 78.1% and 87.4% respectively. But calf serum (KS 199) supplemented medium produced only 40.6% inhibition of disintegrations/microgram DNA. The possible factors (pH, osmotic activity, protein distribution) of these sera will be discussed.
Antineoplastic Agents↗
[Epidemiology of cervical carcinoma and screening activities in GDR (author's transl)].
In the GDR, cervical carcinoma is considered as one of the most important malignant neoplasias for its high incidence and age distribution. It offers, however, optimum prerequisites for effective cytological mass screening for primary and secondary prevention. Reference is made to typical screening effects in an attempt to analyse activities for early diagnosis which are highly differentiated by regions within the GDR. Systematic expansion of capacities for cytological examination is essential to the control of cervical carcinoma. Medical attention can be further improved by wider use of specialised prebioptic diagnosis in connection with all suspicious and positive screening findings.
Age Factors↗
[The effectivity of carminomycin in combination with dibromodulcitol on human tumor cells in vitro (author's transl)].
In parallel to the clinical study CMEA 0102 and an experimental study with animal models the effectivity of carminomycin (CRM) in combination with dibromodulcitol (DBD) was tested on human mesothelioma cells in vitro. The cytostatic effect was evaluated by means of 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA compared to controls. The used mesothelioma cells are more sensitive to CRM than to DBD in relation to their effective drug concentrations. 1.2 x 10(18) mol/l CRM inhibited 3H-thymidine incorporation to 30.6% +/- 9.3 and 3.9 x 10(-6) mol/l DBD to 35.3% +/- 18.3%. In 14/27 experiments the combination of CRM plus DBD in these low concentrations increased effectivity more than the summarized inhibition value, caused by single applied agents in vitro. However, the statistical evaluation of all results didn't confirm these observations. Alternating addition of the second antineoplastic agent three hours after the first did not result in additional effectivity compared to simultaneous one.
Carubicin↗
Xenogeneic transplantation of human tumors of the gastro-intestinal tract in nude mice.
The transplantation of human adenocarcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract into nude mice is described. The human primary tumors were located in the stomach, colon or rectum. Successively transplantable lines could be established by means of implantations of tumor blocks in the left abdominal wall of nude mice. Some biological and histopathological criteria of the implanted tumors as compared to their human origins are given. Several experiments concerning the dependence of tumor growth in nude mice upon the region of implantation are reported. Moreover, first results with regard to development of tumor recidives in nude mice after resection are presented.
Abdominal Muscles↗
Recent results with clinically used antineoplastic drugs and drug combinations in vivo.
Using four mouse tumor systems--leukemia L1210, i.m. mammary carcinoma 1142A, Lewis lung carcinoma, metastatic model of the mammary carcinoma 1142A--a combined treatment consisting of vincristine--cyclophosphamide--metrotrexate--5-fluorouracil is superior to a combined treatment with carminomycin--dibromodulcitol. The treatment with carminomycin and dibromodulcitol in each case alone causes therapeutic benefits being superior to a treatment with the combination carminomycin--dibromodulcitol. This result could be stated for all tumor systems used. Carminomycin showed the greatest effectivity against the leukemia L1210. A human tumor nude mouse system--ascitic mesothelioma 1503A--is presented which is suitable for chemotherapeutic experiments. First test results indicated an antineoplastic effectivity after daunoblastin treatment, but cyclophosphamide and carminomycin did not influence the life span.
Animals↗
[Adjuvant chemotherapy in the conception of multimodal cancer treatment (author's transl)].
Without any doubt remarkable progress in the field of adjuvant cancer chemotherapy after local-regional treatment has been achieved during the last decade. Nevertheless the real results are behind our expectations basing on theoretical and experimental considerations. Therefore adjuvant cancer chemotherapy should be used only within controlled clinical trials. Routine application of surgical adjuvant chemotherapy or combined radiological and cytostatic treatment in localized tumours can not be recommended.
Antineoplastic Agents↗