Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Taniguchi

Publications and source records attributed to S Taniguchi.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Herpes simplex virus in oral mucosal ulcers in patients with hematological malignancy.

Developments of oral mucosal ulcers induced by herpes simplex virus (HSV) were studied in patients with hematologic malignancy. Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) was identified by immunological staining using virus-specific monoclonal antibodies in the epithelial cells of such ulcers from two patients with malignant lymphoma (ML), three with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), one with refractomy anemia with excess blasts, two with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML), one with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and one with aplastic anemia (AA). Herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) was also identified in an ulcer from a patient with AML. Isolation of HSV-1 was successful in the two patients with ML, one with CML, one with AML, the one with ALL and the one with AA. The ulcers developed on the tongue (four cases), buccal membrane (five cases), hard palate (one case), soft palate (one case), soft palate (one case) and gingiva (two cases). Only one patient with CML and one with AML had accompanying labial vesicular lesions. All patients except the one with AA had previously been given combination chemotherapy with anti-neoplastic agents. The results indicate that HSV may have an important role to play in the development of chemotherapy-related oral mucosal ulcers in patients with hematological malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Coronary artery bypass surgery with internal mammary artery grafts: clinical and angiographic results].

We report clinical and angiographic results of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery in 307 patients. IMA grafts can be utilized in the wide ranges of patient ages and/or coronary lesions including left main trunk disease, and have good adaptive capability to coronary flow demand with very low probability of atherosclerotic changes. Postoperative (5.2 +/- 4.4 months) patency rates for IMA grafts and SVG were 96% and 86%, respectively; a significant difference (p less than 0.001). From the benefits of this graft, the use of IMA has become a routine procedure in our CABG surgery and the rate of multiple bypasses with IMA grafts has increased recently. The late cardiac events have significantly (p less than 0.05) decreased in patients with the IMA graft than in those without it. We believe that the use of IMA has improved the quality of CABG in Japanese patients and this operative modality can bring better late results than multivessel PTCA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Cancer metastasis and oncogenes].

Alterations in the structure and/or expression of oncogenes have been examined to comprehend better the relationship between metastasis and oncogenes. There are reports that amplification and overexpression of N-myc (human neuroblastoma) and erbB-2 (human breast cancer) are closely related to malignant progression. On the other hand, DNA transfer experiments have also been done to assess involvement of oncogenes in metastasis. The active ras oncogenes, which are frequently used, show that transfer of the ras oncogenes endow and/or enhance the metastatic potential of the recipient cells. In addition to the phenomenological studies to determine whether an oncogene alters metastatic potential, increasing attention has been directed to possible phenotypic changes relating to metastasis and affected by oncogenes. It has been clarified that transfer of a certain oncogene, such as ras and fos, alters the expression of biomolecules, for example, metalloproteinases responsible for invasion, autocrine motility factors and cytoskeletal proteins related to cell motility, receptors of fibronectin for cell attachment, and histocompatibility antigens, such as H-2K and H2-D. While further characterization of the biomolecular changes induced by the oncogenes has to be done, the mechanisms of alteration in the expression and function of biomolecules directly involved in the metastatic potential also should be paid attention.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical experiences with a new membrane oxygenator with low priming volume (D702 MASTER FLO 51), studies during pulsatile and constant flow perfusion].

The newly developed oxygenator "D702" is a compact hollow fiber membrane oxygenator with a priming volume of 170 ml. The maximum flow allowance is 4 liters per/minute. We used this oxygenator in 16 patients (11 infants and children, and 5 adults) undergoing various open heart surgery, and function of this oxygenator was studied. Pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass was performed in 8 patients and nonpulsatile constant flow perfusion was employed in the remaining 8 patients. Our clinical experience showed excellent maintenance of PaO2 and PaCO2 during both pulsatile and constant flow bypasses. A low pressure drop was encountered across the membrane oxygenator, and therefore, this oxygenator is applicable for pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass. The D702 is a very useful and applicable for a wide range of patients from infants to adults with a small body structure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

cDNA cloning and sequence of a new type of actin in mouse B16 melanoma.

Parent B16 melanoma and B16-F1 cell lines express a third actin (Ax) in addition to beta- and gamma-actin. It has the same molecular mass (43,000 daltons) and a more acidic isoelectric point (pI = 5.2) than the latter two actins (pI = 5.3) (Taniguchi, S., Kawano, T., Kakunaga, T., and Baba, T. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261, 6100-6106). We constructed a cDNA library from poly(A)+ RNA of B16-F1 and then isolated Ax actin candidate clones. According to the nucleotide sequencing analysis for one of the candidate clones, pMA 30, the predicted amino acid sequence was composed of 375 amino acids and was similar to that of beta-actin, but differed at the 28th amino acid in that leucine replaced the arginine of beta-actin. When RNA synthesized from the clone pMA 30 with the SP6 transcription system was translated in vitro using reticulocyte lysate, we identified a polypeptide which had the same isoelectric point and molecular weight as Ax actin; the polypeptide had binding activity to DNase I, a common characteristic of native actin. These observations provide evidence that the clone pMA 30 encodes the mRNA for Ax actin. In the nucleotide sequence of the Ax cDNA, there are: 1) one base change in the coding region which causes a loss of the SmaI site and an amino acid exchange, as mentioned above; 2) four deletion sites in the 3'-noncoding region; 3) one insertion site in the 3'-noncoding region; and 4) one base change in the 5'-noncoding region, as compared with hitherto known mouse beta-actin cDNA. These differences between Ax and beta-actin cDNA indicate that the Ax actin is encoded by an unique gene set, independent of beta-actin.

Actins↗
PubMed1988

Effect of intracellular pH and potassium ions on a primary transport system for glutamate/aspartate in Streptococcus mutans.

We have studied the mechanism of L-glutamate/L-aspartate transport in a fermentative oral bacterium of Streptococcus mutans (strain Ingbritt). The transport rate stays virtually constant throughout the pH range 5.5-8.5 and followed Michaelis-Menten type kinetics. At high pH values from 7 to 8.5, transport was essentially insensitive to N,N'-dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide (DCCD), an inhibitor of ATPase, and to carbonyl cyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-hydrazone (FCCP), an ionophore dissipating proton motive force indicating that S. mutans transports glutamate by a primary transport system at the expense of ATP or an alternative energized metabolite. At lower external pH (7-5.5), DCCD (100 microM) or FCCP (10 microM) significantly inhibited L-glutamate transport while the intracellular ATP level was hardly affected, indicating that the activity of the primary transport system was decreased at lower intracellular pH. The glutamate transport was stimulated in the presence of potassium ion at an external pH of 6. The stimulation can be explained partly by the regulation of intracellular pH with concomitant potassium ion movement.

Aspartic Acid↗
PubMed1988

Methyltransferase and phospholipase A2 activity in the cell membrane of neutrophils and lymphocytes from patients with Behçet's disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis.

Phospholipid methylation and phospholipase A2 activation in the membrane of neutrophils and lymphocytes, which participate in the induction of cell activation, were assessed in patients with Behçet's disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). [3H-methyl] incorporation and phospholipase A2 activity of neutrophils from active cases of Behçet's disease and RA were significantly increased compared with normal controls. In lymphocytes from the patients with active Behçet's disease and RA, a significant increase in methyltransferase activity and a marked enhancement of phospholipase activity were found. A modest increase in these two membrane phospholipid enzyme activities was observed in lymphocytes of patients with active SLE. In addition, these enzyme activities were significantly enhanced in normal leukocytes preincubated with serum from patients with active SLE and malignant RA. The potentiated functions of neutrophils and lymphocyte abnormalities in the patients tested thus seem to be at least partly due to an increase in these enzymatic activities in the cell membrane.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

The influence of diabetes mellitus on thyrotropin response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone in untreated acromegalic patients.

Impairment of thyrotropin (TSH) response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) has been documented in patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM). In acromegalic patients, however, there have been no data regarding TSH secretion studied taking the existence of DM into consideration. Therefore, we investigated the TSH response to TRH [expressed as TSH increment (delta TSH)] in 14 untreated acromegalic patients, who did not show the suprasellar extension of adenoma, divided into two groups on the basis of either presence or absence of uncontrolled DM, and in 28 normal subjects. The mean max delta TSH was significantly reduced (p less than 0.02) in acromegalic patients despite similar mean serum T4 and free T4 index (FT4l) levels. Furthermore, the mean basal and max delta TSH in 7 patients with DM (FBS, 120-300 mg/dl; HbA1, 8.8-15.2%) were significantly lower than those in 7 patients without DM (p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.02, respectively) despite similar the mean serum T3, T4, FT4l, growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) levels and sellar volume. In 4 patients with DM the TSH response to TRH 6-8 weeks after insulin therapy, when their HbA1 levels were normal, increased compared to that before insulin therapy. The mean max delta TSH after selective adenomectomy in 8 patients (3 in DM group and 5 in non-DM group), whose fasting basal GH fell to less than 5 ng/ml, was almost identical to that in normal subjects. In conclusion, the present study suggests that the abnormality in TSH secretion in acromegalic patients may be increased by the existence of uncontrolled DM.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1988

Sequential changes in serum thyroglobulin, triiodothyronine, and thyroxine following partial thyroidectomy for nontoxic nodular goiter.

The sequential changes in serum thyroglobulin (Tg), thyroxine (T4), free thyroxine (FT4), triiodothyronine (T3) and thyrotropin (TSH) were evaluated in ten patients on whom partial thyroidectomy for nontoxic nodular goiter had been performed. These changes were compared with those in ten patients who underwent upper abdominal surgery (cholecystectomy) under similar anesthesia, and whose calorie and fluid intake was similar until at least 48 hours after surgery. In agreement with previous reports, marked elevations in serum Tg that reached peak concentration (660 to 1350 ng/mL) at one or two hours after the thyroid incision (mean +/- SD; 787 +/- 304.0 ng/mL and 839 +/- 345.7 ng/mL, respectively) were observed. On the other hand, the significant but minimal increases in serum T4 and FT4 were observed at 24 hours (P less than .001 and P less than .001, respectively), 48 hours (P less than .01 and P less than .001, respectively), and 72 hours (P less than .01 and P less than .01, respectively) after the thyroid incision compared with the level just prior to the thyroid incision. Similarly, serum T3 also increased significantly at 6 to 168 hours after the thyroid incision (P less than .01, P less than .05, P less than .05, P less than .05, and P less than .05, respectively). These increases in serum T4, FT4 and T3 were not observed in the cholecystectomy patients. The mean serum TSH levels at 24 to 72 hours after thyroid incision and those at 6 to 48 hours after the abdominal incision were significantly decreased compared with those before thyroid and abdominal incision, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Effect of human G-CSF on clonogenic cells in acute myeloblastic leukemia.

The effects of purified human native granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on the growth of clonogenic leukemic blast cells from 10 Japanese patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) were studied, using an in vitro leukemic blast colony assay. The clonogenic leukemic blast cells from six patients with AML were stimulated to form colonies in viscous medium in vitro by the addition of 100 ng/ml G-CSF. The possibility that G-CSF may be a leukemic blast growth factor warrants further attention.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

In vivo effects of molybdate on activation of rat liver cytosol glucocorticoid receptor.

To clarify the in vivo events following administration of steroid hormones, the effect of molybdate on the cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptor (GR) translocation in rat livers after administration of glucocorticoids was examined. After injection of hydrocortisone-succinate (Hydro) (200 micrograms/150 g rat) into the inferior vena cava of adrenalectomized rats, 3H-dexamethasone (3H-Dex) binding in liver cytosol rapidly decreased within 5 min, followed by a rapid replenishment. This decrease in binding was partially prevented by pre-treating the animals with 20 mg of sodium molybdate (Mo), which was considered to inhibit GR activation. Administration of 200 micrograms/150 g body weight of hydrocortisone caused a rapid replenishment of the binding sites following the depletion. Administration of molybdate 5 min after the hydrocortisone injection did not influence the replenishment. The GR content was increased significantly 20 min after the administration of molybdate in intact rats but not in adrenalectomized rat. It is concluded that activation of the hormone receptor complex observed in vitro also occurs in vivo after administration of glucocorticoid to animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Deficient polymerization in vitro of a point-mutated beta-actin expressed in a transformed human fibroblast cell line.

HUT-14 cells, tumorigenic human fibroblasts, express a mutant beta-actin which has a single amino acid substitution at position 244 (glycine to aspartic acid), in addition to normal beta- and gamma-actin. In order to characterize the biochemical function of the mutant beta-actin, actins were extracted and purified from HUT-14 cells. The partially purified actin fraction contained beta-, gamma-, and mutant beta-actins in the ratio of 1:1:1, the same ratio as in the cells. When the actin of this fraction was purified through a polymerization step, mutant beta-actin was always less incorporated into actin filaments than beta- and gamma-actin. When the polymerization ability of purified HUT-14 actins was examined by sedimentation technique, it was lower than those of muscle and of cytoplasmic actins from another human cell line (HUT-11) which expresses only normal beta- and gamma-actin, in the ratio of 2:1. The deficient polymerization of mutant beta-actin was also observed by examining the ratio of beta-, gamma-, and mutant beta-actins incorporated into actin filaments. The ratio of mutant beta-actin in polymerized actins under all conditions examined was always less than that before polymerization. These results indicate that the single amino acid substitution at position 244 caused the reduction of incorporation of the mutant beta-actin into actin filaments in vitro.

Actins↗
PubMed1988

Pathogenesis of lupus dermatoses in autoimmune mice. X. Evaluation of histamine-N-methyltransferase activity in the skin of autoimmune.

We measured histamine concentration and its metabolizing enzymes in the skin of MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr (MRL/l) and BXSB mice to clarify the contribution of histamine metabolism to the mechanisms of the development of lupus dermatoses. The concentration of histamine seemed to differ with the mouse strain. The activity of histamine-N-methyltransferase (HMT), one of two major metabolizing enzymes, was significantly lower in the tail and back skin of MRL/l mice at the age of 5 months than in the control MRL/Mp-+/+(MRL/n) mice, although there were no characteristic differences among several mouse strains of 1 mo of age. In the back skin of MRL/l mice, an age-dependent decrease of HMT activity was observed along with a corresponding decrease in histamine concentration, whereas an age-dependent increase of both HMT activity and histamine concentration was demonstrated in BXSB mice and other control mouse strains. Autoimmune-prone male BXSB mice and non-autoimmune female BXSB mice at 5 mo of age showed similar HMT activity. Corticosteroid treatment restored HMT activity in the skin of MRL/l mice but not in MRL/n mice. In addition, the change in HMT activity in MRL/l mice treated with corticosteroid appeared earlier than changes in clinicopathological examinations including skin eruptions, dermatopathology and proteinuria. Diamine oxidase (DAO) activity, another major metabolizing enzyme, was not detected in the skin of any autoimmune or control mouse strains. These findings suggest that the low activity of HMT in the skin of MRL/l mice plays a significant pathological role in the development of spontaneous lupus-like eruption. In other mouse strains, it is assumed that HMT activity is regulated by genetic factors.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1988

Demonstration of three distinct immunological disorders on erythropoiesis in a patient with pure red cell aplasia and autoimmune haemolytic anaemia associated with thymoma.

A patient with pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) and autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA), associated with a thymoma which had already been removed, was studied in order to investigate the pathogenesis of PRCA and AIHA. The autoantibody eluted from the surface of the patient's red blood cells (RBC) reacted with the large E antigen of the Rh complex. Immunoglobulin-G (IgG) purified from the patient's serum suppressed CFU-E and BFU-E but not CFU-GM colony formation in the presence of complement. This antibody was not adsorbed with large E antigen. T-lymphocytes in the bone marrow suppressing autologous CFU-E and BFU-E colonies were demonstrated. Thus, three distinct immunological disorders on erythropoiesis were present in this patient with PRCA and AIHA associated with thymoma in a thymectomized state.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
PubMed1988

Amplification of the structurally and functionally altered epidermal growth factor receptor gene (c-erbB) in human brain tumors.

By using Southern blot analysis, we found that in two cases of human glioblastoma multiforme, cells carried amplified c-erbB genes which bore short deletion mutations within the ligand-binding domain of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor. The products of these mutated c-erbB genes were about 30 kilodalton (kDa) smaller than the normal 170-kDa EGF receptor, and the tumor cell membrane fractions containing the 140-kDa abnormal EGF receptor showed a significant elevation of tyrosine kinase activity without its ligand. In view of the similarity to the activated viral and cellular erbB genes in the avian system, these mutated and overexpressed EGF receptors might play a role in the onset or development of human glioblastoma cells.

Animals↗