Biomedical subjects

S Tani

Publications and source records attributed to S Tani.

238 records · Page 14Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Antioxidative activity of Allium victorialis L. extracts.

Allium victorialis L. (Liliaceae, "Hon-Gyoujya Nin-Niku" in Japanese) was successively extracted with hexane, acetone, methanol and 70% methanol and the extracts were further separated into a total of twenty-five fractions by silica gel and ODS column chromatographies. The biological activities of these four extracts and 25 column fractions were compared. The cytotoxic activity of all extracts and fractions against two oral tumor cell lines was significantly higher than that against normal human gingival fibroblasts, suggesting their tumor-specific action. Three methanol column fractions [M2, M3, M6] and a 70% methanol column fraction [70M6] most effectively reversed the multidrug resistance (MDR) against L5178 mouse T cell lymphoma. The electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy showed that methanol column fractions and 70% methanol extracts produced the highest amount of radical(s) and most efficiently scavenging O2*-, generated by the hypoxanthine-xanthine reaction system, suggesting that the same substances in these fractions display both prooxidant and antioxidant properties. They showed no anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or anti-Helicobacterpylori activity. These data suggest the medicinal efficacy of Allium victorialis extract.

Allium↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Relation of atrial natriuretic peptide, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and kinin system in hypertensive and normotensive youngsters with or without a family history of essential arterial hypertension].

To evaluate the correlations occurring among plasma atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), renin activity (PRA), aldosterone (ALD) and urinary kallikrein (KK) in young hypertensives and in young normotensives with or without a family history of hypertension, 26 essential hypertensives (mean age: 22.5 +/- 2), 21 normotensives (mean age: 22.3 +/- 1.9) and 13 normotensives with hypertensive heredity (mean age 22 +/- 1.8) under normal Na+ intake (120 mEq/daily) were studied. Blood samples for plasma ANF, PRA and ALD evaluations were taken after a night bed sleep (A) and again after 1 hour of deambulation (B). KK was evaluated on 24 hours urine specimens by the chromogenic substrate (S-2266) method. The results showed that ANF plasma levels in hypertensives (A = 44.5 +/- 19.4 pg/ml, B = 24.1 +/- 11 pg/ml) were higher than in normotensives (A = 38.3 +/- 19.4 pg/ml, B = 19.9 +/- 10.6 pg/ml), with a percentage difference of 13.8% in A situation and 17.4% in B situation. Moreover ANF was higher in normotensives with hypertensive heredity than in normotensives without heredity (A = +7.4%; B = +10%). In B situation ANF was inversely correlated with ALD in all groups (p less than 0.001 in hypertensives; p less than 0.05 in both groups of normotensives), and with PRA in hypertensive group (p less than 0.001). KK was significantly lower in hypertensives than in normals (p less than 0.01) showing only in hypertensive patients an inverse correlation with ANF (r = -0.60; p less than 0.001). In conclusion, our data indicate that raised levels of plasma ANF may be present in young hypertensives with low levels of PRA, ALD and KK.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Relation of atrial natriuretic peptide and endogenous digoxin-like activity in the plasma of young hypertensive patients].

The relationships between plasma digoxin-like immunoreactivity (DLS) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) were investigated in 10 young essential hypertensives (mean age 22 +/- 2 years) and in 10 normotensives. In young hypertensives, plasma DLS and ANP were at an average level of 31.2 +/- 8 pg/ml and 56.7 +/- 20 pg/ml respectively, showing a significant correlation (r = 0.66; p less than 0.05). In normal subjects plasma DLS and ANP were at an average level of 19.1 +/- 8 pg/ml and 37.6 +/- 16.7 pg/ml respectively (n.s.). Plasma DLS and ANP were higher in hypertensives than in normotensives (p less than 0.01). In conclusion, DLS and ANP appear to have a similar behaviour, possibly due to their modulation by common stimuli.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidemiology of chronic obstructive bronchopneumopathies].

Mortality due to respiratory diseases has been stable in Italy during this century, but this stability seems to be artificial due to TBC and pneumonias mortality decrease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cancer mortalities increase. In 1977 COPD morbidity caused 3,000,000 off-days, but these old data probably underestimated the real situation: indeed the greatest mortality is registered, as it is well know, in the elderly subjects (greater than 75 years), and this age was not considered in these data. More recently, a finalized project has been established by the National Research Council (CNR) to obviate poorness of data on COPD epidemiology with particular regard to its morbidity. At the present time, data have not yet been published. COPD appears to affect males more than females, while race does not seem important in COPD distribution. Moreover, a marked increase in respiratory dysfunction is observed with age. Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficit plays a significant role in COPD pathogenesis, while the influence of surface cells antigens and secretory state is still unclear. COPD is more frequent in some families than in general population, as well as in monozygote twins than in dizygote ones. However, the influence of genetically determined predisposition could be overestimated, being COPD frequencies in these cases linked to other risk factors. According to the "Dutch hypothesis" bronchial hyperreactivity is an indispensable condition in COPD pathogenesis, while "British hypothesis" gives more importance to recurrent bronchial inflammation. Some contaminants play an important role in COPD pathogenesis, both in urban (NO2, NO3, SO3) and working environments (coke, etc.). Smoke is the last factor considered in the pathogenesis of COPD.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗