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Biomedical subjects

S Tang

Publications and source records attributed to S Tang.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The diagnosis and treatment of chancroid.

Chancroid, a disappearing disease in the United States, was reintroduced into the country in 1980 by immigrants from the Caribbean, Mexico, and Southeast Asia. Point epidemics resulted, each of them associated with prostitution. During the 4-month period between March 1 to June 30, 1985, forty-five patients were diagnosed and treated in Massachusetts, thirty-seven from Boston alone. By means of these case records, the morphologic characteristics, laboratory diagnosis, and treatment regimens are described.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Sex-dependent biological changes following prenatal nicotine exposure in the rat.

Nicotine was administered to adult female rats in drinking water starting 6 weeks before mating and continuing throughout pregnancy. The litters were cross-fostered to control dams at birth. Prenatal nicotine treatment reduced both the number of male rats born and the male birth weight. Female offspring were not significantly affected. Rearing activity was reduced in male but not female offspring either when tested over a 24 hour period in a home cage environment or during a 10 minute exposure in an open field. Horizontal locomotor activity was reduced only during the first 5 minutes in the open field and again the effect was found only in the males. Baseline plasma corticosterone levels were reduced in both male and female offspring but there was no effect on stress-elevated corticosterone levels.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Postnatal effects of maternal nicotine exposure.

Rats were given dilute nicotine solutions as their only source of drinking water while control rats received distilled water. Two months after the start of treatment the rats were mated. At birth litters born to nicotine treated rats were either left with the dams until weaning (nicotine group) or cross-fostered to control dams (cross-fostered nicotine group). Both parents and offspring were tested when the pups were 60 to 80 days of age. The drug-treated adult rats showed a marked reduction in body weight gain during the period of drug treatment. The dams were more active during the day and exhibited a reduced plasma corticosterone response to stress. Male but not female offspring of nicotine treated rats were significantly lighter at birth than control males. Offspring in the nicotine group showed an increased spontaneous motor activity in the light which was not prevented by cross-fostering to control dams at birth. The results support the hypothesis that pre-natal exposure to nicotine causes significant changes in behavior in later life.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Decentralizing rural health services: a case study in China.

Many low and middle-income countries have decentralized their public health services in an effort to improve their equity, efficiency and effectiveness. This paper presents a case study of a poor rural county in China that devolved finance and management of basic health services to townships, the lowest level of government. It finds little evidence that townships mobilized additional financial resources or that they were able to address major management problems effectively. It cautions against unrealistically rapid decentralization of health services in poor rural areas.

China↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Modulation of insulin action by vanadate: evidence of a role for phosphotyrosine phosphatase activity to alter cellular signaling.

UNLABELLED: A number of vanadium compounds (vanadate, vanadyl sulfate, metavanadate) have insulin-mimicking actions both in vitro and in vivo. They have multiple biological effects in cultured cells and interact directly with various enzymes. The inhibitory action on phosphoprotein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) and enhancement of cellular tyrosine phosphorylation appear to be the most relevant to explain the ability to mimic insulin. We demonstrated that in rat adipocytes both acute insulin effects, e.g. stimulation of IGF-II and transferrin binding and a chronic effect, insulin receptor downregulation, were stimulated by vanadate. Vanadate also enhanced insulin binding, particularly at very low insulin concentrations, associated with increased receptor affinity. This resulted in increased adipocyte insulin sensitivity. Finally vanadate augmented the extent of activation of the insulin receptor kinase by submaximal insulin concentrations. This was associated with a prolongation of the insulin biological response, lipogenesis, after removal of hormone. IN CONCLUSION: in rat adipocytes vanadate promotes insulin action by three mechanisms, 1) a direct insulin-mimetic action, 2) an enhancement of insulin sensitivity and 3) a prolongation of insulin biological response. These data suggest that PTP inhibitors have potential as useful therapeutic agents in insulin-resistant and relatively insulin-deficient forms of diabetes mellitus.

Adipocytes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Population structure of tropical abalone (Haliotis asinina) in coastal waters of Thailand determined using microsatellite markers.

Three partial genomic libraries were constructed from genomic DNA of the tropical abalone (Haliotis asinina) that was digested with AluI, vortexed/sonicated, and digested with mixed enzyme (AluI, HincII, and RsaI). The libraries yielded 0.02%, 0.42%, and 1.46% positive microsatellite-containing clones, respectively. Eleven clones each of perfect, imperfect, and compound microsatellites were isolated. Ten primer pairs (CUHas1-CUHas10) were analyzed to evaluate their polymorphic level. The numbers of alleles per locus, observed heterozygosity (H0), and expected heterozygosity (He) ranged from 3 to 26 alleles, and varied between 0.27 and 0.85 and between 0.24 and 0.93, respectively. Three microsatellite loci (CUHas2, CUHas3, and CUHas8) were further used for examination of genetic diversity and differentiation of natural H. asinina in coastal waters of Thailand. Genetic variabilities in terms of the effective number of alleles (n(e)), H0, and He were higher in 2 samples from the Gulf of Thailand (n(e)=9.37, 7.66; H0=0.62, 0.78; and He=0.87, 0.86) than those of one sample (n(e)=6.04; H0=0.58; and He=0.62) derived from the Andaman Sea. Assessment of genetic heterogeneity, including allele frequency comparison and pairwise F(ST) analysis, indicated interpopulational differentiation, between natural H. asinina from the Gulf of Thailand and that from the Andaman Sea (P<0.0001).

Animals↗