[Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for metastatic lung tumors--a case report].
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
S Tanaka
Publications and source records attributed to S Tanaka.
[A case of primary antiphospholipid syndrome complicated with pulmonary hypertension].
We describe the case of 55-year old male with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) who developed pulmonary hypertension without any thromboembolic episode. Multiple pulmonary perfusion defects suggestive of in situ thrombosis were observed. Hematological findings revealed microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. These findings were improved by anticoagulant therapy. We monitored mean pressure of pulmonary artery (mPAP) and total pulmonary vascular resistance (TPR) before and after using vasodilator agents by Swan-Ganz catheter. mPAP and TPR showed improvement on treatment with oxygen supplementation therapy and Isosorbide administration. Previously 11 cases with APS complicated with pulmonary hypertension were reported. Majority of these patients have had recurrent venous thrombosis, particularly deep vein thrombosis often accompanied by pulmonary thromboembolism (8/11 cases, 72%). However in this case pulmonary hypertension with APS may be induced by in situ thrombosis in pulmonary micro vessels.
Anemia, Hemolytic↗
Comparison of changes in hemodynamics between unilateral and bilateral lung volume reduction for pulmonary emphysema.
This study was aimed to compare changes in hemodynamics between unilateral (UL) or simultaneous bilateral (BL) lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) for chronic obstructive lung disease. Sixteen patients underwent LVRS by stapler resection with neodymium: yttrium-alminum-garnet (Nd: YAG) laser ablation; five underwent BL-LVRS (four by median sternotomy and one by thoracoscopy) and 11 underwent UL-LVRS by thoracoscopy. Four patients had multiple bullae within pulmonary emphysema. At preoperation and 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours postoperatively, hemodynamics and right ventricular performance were evaluated. UL- and BL-LVRS reduced afterload of the right and left ventricle postoperatively. Although the pulmonary arterial resistance increased after surgery, the total pulmonary resistance decreased (p=0.001) in association with the reduced systemic vascular resistance (p=0.001). These reductions improved cardiopulmonary circulation, resulting in increased stroke volume and cardiac output (p=0.003). The right ventricular ejection fraction showed minimal change 48 hours postoperation. Two patients died of pneumonia caused by persistent air leakage. In conclusion, both the UL- and BL-LVRS showed similar effectiveness in terms of improvement in the systemic and cardiopulmonary circulation after LVRS, if there were no postoperative complications. We concluded that we had to reduce and repair the persistent air leakage after LVRS.
Aged↗
Differential clearance and induction of host responses by various administered or released lipopolysaccharides.
The clearance and activity of different types of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) released during infection with Gram-negative bacteria were investigated. When highly purified preparations differing in their specific endotoxin activity were administered intravenously to mice, the clearance of rough (R)-form LPS preparations from Salmonella minnesota and Escherichia coli was much faster than that of a smooth (S)-form LPS preparation from Salmonella abortus equi, but slower than that of lipo-oligosaccharides (LOS) preparations from Bordetella pertussis and Helicobacter pylori. After intraperitoneal infection with 10(7) and 10(8) CFU E. coli O111:B4, relatively high levels of LPS were detected dose-dependently in the plasma of infected mice and persisted for a long time. In addition, plasma sCD14 levels in infected mice were higher than in LPS-administered mice. These results indicate that continuously higher levels of plasma LPS followed by stronger host responses occur during infection and suggest that these differences between LPS-administered and infected mice should be taken into consideration when analyzing host responses induced by LPS.
Animals↗
[Angiogenesis related factors: angiopoietin-2].
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Angiopoietin-2↗
[Prognostic factors in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma].
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Age Factors↗
[Transcatheter arterial embolization therapy and local ablation].
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Antineoplastic Agents↗
Reliability of chromosome aberration by one-color fluorescence in situ hybridization.
The fluorescence in situ hybridization method allows the observation of chromosomal aberrations under a microscope at the cellular level. However, the extent to which the FISH method reflects actual chromosomal aberrations is unknown. To estimate the accuracy of detecting aberrations by FISH, we performed dual color-FISH with two different DNA probes for the principal target DNA and assessed their concordance. The two DNA probes used were a whole chromosome painting probe and an alpha satellite probe. A high concordance rate of 82%-98% was found between the probes, indicating that the accuracy of determining chromosomal aberrations by FISH is high.
Chromosome Aberrations↗
Polyurethane foam/spheroid culture system using human hepatoblastoma cell line (Hep G2) as a possible new hybrid artificial liver.
The risk of xenozoonosis infections poses the greatest obstacle against the clinical application of hybrid artificial liver support system (HALSS). Primary human hepatocytes are an ideal source for HALSS, but the shortage of human livers available for hepatocyte isolation limits this modality. To resolve this issue, we used human hepatocytes with replication capacity (fetal hepatocytes, Hep G2, and Huh 7) in a polyurethane foam (PUF)/spheroid culture system in vitro, and analyzed liver functions such as ammonia removal and albumin synthesis capacity; results were compared to those of porcine hepatocytes. Human fetal hepatocytes, Hep G2, and Huh 7 formed spheroids spontaneously within 24 h in a PUF/spheroid culture system; ammonia removal activity (micromol/10(6) nuclei/h) was upregulated, as was albumin synthesis activity (microg/10(6) nuclei/day). In particular, Hep G2 spheroids demonstrated high ammonia removal and albumin synthesis activities: 85% of the ammonia removal activity and 171.7% of the albumin synthesis activity of porcine hepatocytes in the monolayer culture. These results indicate the possibility of the development of a multicapillary PUF (MC-PUF) packed-bed culture system of hepatocyte spheroids as a HALSS using Hep G2.
Albumins↗
[A case of combined squamous cell carcinoma and aspergilloma arising in a cyst wall].
A 76-year-old man in whom interstitial pneumonia and diabetes mellitus had been diagnosed complained of bloody sputum in August, 1998. Chest radiography disclosed irregular shadows in the left lower lung field. Chest computed tomography (CT) scans revealed a cyst and a small nodular lesion in the left S6 segment. Although primary lung cancer was suspected, we did not detect any malignant cells in the transbronchial lung biopsy specimen. CT scans in January 2000 showed a ball-like shadow in the thick-walled cyst in the left S6 segment. Cytologic examination of the sputum and the bronchial lavage fluid from the left B6 revealed squamous cell carcinoma. Left lower lobectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection were performed. Pathological examination revealed that moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma had extensively invaded the wall of the cyst in the left S6 and S10 segments, and was accompanied with aspergilloma. Abnormal thickening of a cyst wall may in some cases suggest the presence of lung cancer.
Aged↗
Simultaneous mitral valve replacement and bypass grafting for mycotic aneurysm of the femoral artery during the active phase of infective endocarditis: a case report.
A 52-year-old woman with a 3-week history of fever and cough was diagnosed as having bacterial endocarditis with vegetation and severe mitral valve insufficiency by echocardiography. Blood culture revealed Streptococcus mitis. After antibiotic treatment for 3 weeks, the patient noticed swelling with pain in her left groin. Computed tomography revealed an occluded aneurysm in the left common femoral artery. Simultaneous surgical treatments of mitral valve replacement and bypass grafting using a saphenous vein following resection of the mycotic femoral arterial aneurysm were performed. Pathohistological examination of surgical specimens revealed acute inflammatory findings, but no microorganisms were found, probably because of the preoperative antibiotic therapy. Her postoperative course was uneventful, and there was no recurrence of mycotic aneurysms in a period of 10 months after the operation. Prompt recognition and urgent simultaneous surgical treatments for mycotic aneurysms complicated with infective endocarditis were effective.
Aneurysm, Infected↗
Developmental assessment-based surgical intervention for intractable epilepsies in infants and young children.
PURPOSE: To define the most appropriate time for surgery for medically intractable epilepsies in infants and young children. METHODS: First we examined retrospectively the changes in developmental quotients (DQs) during the clinical course and the clinical factors affecting the DQ in 39 consecutive patients younger than 15 years, who underwent surgical treatment for intractable epilepsy. Second, we examined prospectively five new patients for early detection of developmental arrest or regression by periodic developmental assessments and whether this could lead to early surgical intervention, eventually resulting in minimal developmental defects. RESULTS: Retrospective studies revealed that the DQ progressively decreased with age and that the reduction of DQ was related to continuing frequent seizures in many patients. The prospective studies demonstrated that periodic developmental assessments could detect the reduction of DQ at 5 months or later after onset of frequent seizures in three patients. In two other patients, operations were performed before reduction of DQs, and their postoperative DQ levels were normal. The post-operative recovery of DQ was complete in one patient whose operation was performed 3 months after reduction of DQ, whereas it was incomplete in two others whose operations were carried out at 12 and 14 months after reduction, respectively. Furthermore, three patients with normal developmental outcome had shorter periods between the onset of frequent seizures and the operation (< or = 7 months) than those of two patients with developmental delay (> or = 17 months). CONCLUSIONS: To minimize the developmental defects, periodic developmental assessments should be initiated when frequent seizures have occurred, and surgery should be considered as soon as possible when DQ reduction is recognized.
Child, Preschool↗
Large focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver: possible to evade surgical resection.
PURPOSE: Although recent advances in diagnostic imaging have allowed a number of patients with focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) to avoid surgical treatment, the natural course of large FNH is still unknown. CASE REPORT: A 25-year-old man was admitted because of a large hepatic mass detected on routine examination in June 1998. The only laboratory abnormality was an elevated gamma-GTP. Computed tomography, angiography, positron emission tomography using F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG-PET), and scintigraphy using technetium-99m-galactosylneoglycoalbumin(99mTc-NGA) demonstrated a spoke-wheel appearance of vessels, normal hepatocytes, and no malignancy. Histologic findings on needle biopsy were consistent with FNH. After informed consent, the patient agreed to observation. Two years after the initial diagnosis, he has no symptoms, and there are no changes in the size or character of the lesion on computed tomography. DISCUSSION: Careful observation of patients with FNH is required because its natural course is unknown and these lesions can bleed or rupture.
Adult↗
New rat model for attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD).
PURPOSE: In a strain of the Long-Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rats, we found spontaneously hyperactive animals designated as "wiggling," and established a congenic wiggling (Wig) rat by transferring the gene from the LEC to the Wistar King-Aptekman/Hokkaido (WKAH) strain. We evaluated the feasibility of the Wig rat for an animal model of human attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD). METHODS: Mode of inheritance was examined by use of linkage analyses. Motor activity, behavior, and working memory were assessed by use of electric digital counters, open field test, and Y-maze and water-maze tests. RESULTS: The abnormal behavior, including hyperactivity, was transmitted in autosomal recessive mode. Diurnal and nocturnal motor activity of 12- to 14-week-old Wig rats was markedly higher than that of controls, and this hyperactivity was more prominent during nighttime than daytime. Ambulation in the open-field test was significantly increased in Wig rats, but rearing was decreased in Wig rats, compared with controls. Results of the Y-maze tests indicated that spontaneous alternation behavior was significantly impaired in Wig rats, although there was no difference in the total arm entries. The water-maze test could not be performed because, when exposed to water, Wig rats panicked and almost drowned. CONCLUSIONS: Wig rats are hyperactive and have impaired working memory and impulsive behavior, as assessed by the motor activity and open-field tests and the Y-maze test, and these abnormalities are transmitted by a single gene with Mendelian pattern. Wig rats represent an excellent animal model of human ADHD.
Animals↗
[Osteoporosis in rheumatoid arthritis: role of osteoclast differentiation and cytokines].
There has been accumulating evidence that osteoclasts, the primary cells responsible for bone resorption, are also involved in bone and joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) . Recent progress in bone cell biology has revealed the molecular mechanism of osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption by mature osteoclasts. We here highlight the potential role of RANKL-RANK pathways in bone destruction in RA.
English Abstract↗
Negative regulation of BMP/Smad signaling by Tob in osteoblasts.
Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) controls osteoblast proliferation and differentiation through Smad proteins. Here we show that Tob, a member of the emerging family of antiproliferative proteins, is a negative regulator of BMP/Smad signaling in osteoblasts. Mice carrying a targeted deletion of the tob gene have a greater bone mass resulting from increased numbers of osteoblasts. Orthotopic bone formation in response to BMP2 is elevated in tob-deficient mice. Overproduction of Tob represses BMP2-induced, Smad-mediated transcriptional activation. Finally, Tob associates with receptor-regulated Smads (Smad1, 5, and 8) and colocalizes with these Smads in the nuclear bodies upon BMP2 stimulation. The results indicate that Tob negatively regulates osteoblast proliferation and differentiation by suppressing the activity of the receptor-regulated Smad proteins.
Alleles↗
Naming of animals and tools: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study of categorical differences in the human brain areas commonly used for naming visually presented objects.
To investigate the neural substrates for naming objects and their category-dependency, we performed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with naming of animals and tools. Naming objects, irrespective of their category, activated left frontal to bilateral parietal regions and occipital to posterior temporal regions. Within these areas, naming animals caused more activation of the primary visual cortex bilaterally and the ventral occipital cortex to the inferior temporal area on the right side. Naming tools caused more activation of the posterior part of the left middle temporal area, the rostral part of the left inferior parietal lobule, and the left inferior frontal cortex. These findings suggest that the neural network for naming objects has discrete category-dependent nodes through which pertinent conceptual knowledge may be mediated.
Adult↗
Multigenerational cortical inheritance of the Rax2 protein in orienting polarity and division in yeast.
Diploid yeast cells repeatedly polarize and bud from their poles, probably because of highly stable marks of unknown composition. Here, Rax2, a membrane protein, was shown to behave as such a mark. The Rax2 protein itself was inherited immutably at the cell cortex for multiple generations, and Rax2 was shown to have a half-life exceeding several generations. The persistent inheritance of cortical protein markers would provide a means to couple a cell's history to the future development of a precise morphogenetic form.
Cell Division↗