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Biomedical subjects

S Tamura

Publications and source records attributed to S Tamura.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Break of unresponsiveness of delayed-type hypersensitivity to sheep red blood cells by pertussis toxin.

Effects of pertussis toxin (PT) on the unresponsiveness of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were examined in mice. DTH cannot be detected in mice injected iv with 1 X 10(9) SRBC. This unresponsive state was broken by 1 microgram of PT given iv to mice 1 or more days, even 21 days, after SRBC-injection and replaced by the development of high and persistent DTH responses with several days' lag after PT treatment. The restored DTH response was accompanied by the appearance of circulating DTH-mediating cells. In the non-PT-treated mice, DTH-mediating cells, which conferred DTH in syngeneic naive recipient mice by systemic transfer, were found in the spleen but not in the blood, whereas in the PT-treated mice, they were found both in the spleen and in the blood. On the other hand, the induction or the function of splenic suppressor T cells (Ts) for DTH in mice injected iv with 10(9) SRBC was inhibited by PT treatment. DTH-Ts, which appeared in the spleen around 4 days after SRBC injection and inhibited the induction of DTH response to SRBC in the syngeneic cyclophosphamide-pretreated recipient mice, failed to be induced in mice given PT 1 day after SRBC injection, and their ability was reduced when they were treated in vitro with PT immediately before transfer. These results demonstrate the possibilities that the reinforced migration of DTH-mediating cells from spleen to blood by PT is involved in the mechanisms by which PT break the unresponsiveness of DTH and that the interference with the induction or the function of DTH-Ts by PT may also be partly involved in the mechanisms.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Quantitative analysis of two-dimensional electrophoretograms using shape-fitting.

This paper describes an automatic quantitative analysis of protein using two-dimensional electrophoresis. We made 2-D electrophoretograms with index spots of some proteins whose mass is known. First, we cut out the protein spots from the background. Then we detected connected regions which may correspond to spot regions and measured their mass as the sum of the gray levels in the region. For confluent spots, we propose a method of separating them by shape-fitting, and examine this method by comparing it with the spot-dividing method.

Biometry↗
PubMed1985

Intracerebroventricular administration of angiotensin II attenuates morphine-induced analgesia in mice.

The central effect of angiotensin II on the analgesic action of morphine in mice was investigated using the tail-pinch and hot plate tests. Angiotensin II (0.1-10 pmol), given intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.), had no effect on the nociceptive sensitivity but did produce a dose-dependent attenuation of the morphine-induced analgesia. A specific angiotensin II antagonist, Saralasin (1 pmol), which in itself had no analgesic effect, significantly potentiated the morphine-induced analgesia. These results suggest that angiotensin II probably plays the physiological role of an anti-opioid substance in pain-modulating systems in the brain.

Analgesia↗
PubMed1985

Thymosin alpha 1 exerts protective effect against the 5-FU induced bone marrow toxicity.

Thymosin alpha 1 was shown to prevent the 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)-induced bone marrow toxicity in BDF1 mice, as determined by the cellularity, haemopoietic stem cells (CFU-s) and granulocyte-macrophage colony forming unit (GM-CFU). Furthermore, thymosin alpha 1 increased the levels of colony stimulating factor (CSF) in sera or in culture media of spleen cells derived from 5-FU-treated mice. The treatment of spleen cells with anti-Thy 1,2 antibody plus complement abolished completely the CSF production. The in vivo treatment of donor mice with anti-Thy 1,2 antibody following 5-FU abolished completely the capability of their bone marrow cells to save lethally irradiated recipients. Thymosin alpha 1 treatment prevented the damage by such combined treatment. The present study indicates that thymosin alpha 1 exerts its protective effect against the 5-FU-induced bone marrow toxicity, at least partially, through its effect on the maturation of immature T cells to functional T cells which produce various kinds of lymphokines including CSF.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Moya moya disease: use of digital subtraction angiography in its diagnosis.

Fourteen patients suspected of having Moya Moya disease underwent intravenous digital subtraction angiography (DSA), and the findings from nine of these patients were reviewed and analyzed. Obstruction or stenosis of the supraclinoid portion of the internal carotid artery and the proximal portions of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries was observed in all cases. Arteriography, however, was better than intravenous DSA in demonstrating Moya Moya vessels, differentiating complete occlusion from severe stenosis, and demonstrating important transdural collaterals. The disadvantages of intravenous DSA included inferior spatial resolution, the need for large amounts of contrast media, and relatively high radiation doses. Since the summation of vessels cannot be avoided using DSA, arteriography is necessary for the precise evaluation of cerebral hemodynamics before bypass surgery. Intravenous DSA is a safe, reliable method for diagnosing Moya Moya disease and is suitable for the screening and follow-up examinations of patients with the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Effects of human calcitonin on the response to noxious stimuli and morphine-antinociception].

Effects of human calcitonin (HCT) on the responses of mice and rats to noxious stimuli of various types and morphine-antinociception in the mice tail-pinch method were studied as compared with procine calcitonin (PCT). I.c.v. administration of HCT (0.007-0.071 mg/mouse) delayed response time to tail-pinch stimuli and suppressed acetic acid writhing dose-relatedly. PCT (0.5-3 U/mouse, i.c.v.) exerted a dose-related antinociceptive effect in the tail-pinch and acetic acid writhing methods. The antinociceptive effect was also produced by s.c. administration of HCT (0.071-7.1 mg/kg) and PCT (10-1000 U/kg) in the tail-pinch and writhing methods, while the antinociceptive effect was not detected by the tail-flick method following i.c.v. and s.c. administration of HCT and PCT. Increase in response threshold in the hind paw pressure test was produced by 0.071-7.1 mg/kg, s.c. of HCT and 10-1000 U/kg, s.c. of PCT in rats. Inhibition of writhing due to i.c.v. administration of HCT and PCT was not antagonized by naloxone. Pre-drug control response time to tail-pinch stimuli tended to be shortened after 7-14 days of s.c. treatment with CT, especially with PCT. Pretreatment with HCT and PCT exerted no obvious influence on their acute effects. Morphine-antinociception in the tail-pinch method tended to be potentiated by single s.c. dose of HCT and to be decreased by 14 days chronic s.c. treatment with HCT. The role of calcium in HCT action was discussed.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1985

[The role of the pituitary in the development of electroacupuncture analgesia in rats].

In order to investigate the involvement of pituitary beta-endorphin in electroacupuncture analgesia (EAA), the effects of hypophysectomy, dexamethasone (Dex) and adrenalectomy on the analgesia and the increase in plasma corticosterone (Cort) and ACTH levels produced by electroacupuncture (EA) were studied in male SD rats. In saline-treated and Dex-treated rats, plasma Cort levels were correlated with plasma ACTH levels. In non-treated rats, the time course of EA-induced increase in pain threshold was similar to that of EA-induced elevation of plasma Cort levels. In the hypophysectomized rats, EAA was significantly reduced and the EA-induced increase in plasma Cort was also abolished. Single administration of a large dose of Dex tended to reduce EAA and significantly reduced the EA-induced increase in plasma Cort and ACTH. Further suppression of pituitary functions by 4 days-treatment with Dex resulted in further reduction of EAA and the EA-induced increase in plasma Cort and ACTH. On the other hand, hind-paw pressure test without EA produced an increase in plasma Cort and ACTH to the same extent as that produced by EA and produced no analgesia. In the adrenalectomized rats, EAA was reduced, and the plasma ACTH level, which was sixteen times higher than that of nonoperated rats, was further elevated 2-fold higher by EA. No correlation between plasma ACTH levels and the increase in pain thresholds was observed in individual rats of the saline-treated and Dex-treated groups. Control pain thresholds were not influenced by hypophysectomy, Dex or adrenalectomy. These results suggest that pituitary beta-endorphin may not be mainly involved in EAA.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1985

[Effects of electroacupuncture on beta-endorphin contents in rats].

Effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on pain threshold and beta-endorphin (beta-End) contents in plasma, pituitary (Pit), hypothalamus (Hyp) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were studied in nontreated, dexamethasone (Dex) treated and adrenalectomized (Adrex) male SD rats by the use of specific determination of rat beta-End (combination of HPLC and RIA). EA increased pain threshold and plasma beta-End with no effect on beta-End contents in Pit, Hyp and CSF. Dex did not affect control pain threshold, but tended to reduce EA-induced increase in pain threshold (EA-analgesia, EAA) and EA-induced increase in plasma beta-End. Adrex increased plasma beta-End without change in control pain threshold. Adrex tended to reduce EAA, but a tendency of further increase in plasma beta-End was observed after addition of EA. Adrex increased Pit beta-End, but no further change in Pit beta-End was observed after addition of EA. A positive correlation between plasma beta-End and plasma ACTH was observed in nontreated, Dex treated and Adrex rats. No correlation between plasma beta-End and potency of EAA was observed in nontreated, Dex treated and Adrex rats. The hind-paw pressure test without EA increased plasma beta-End to the same degree as that produced by EA, and it produced no analgesia. These results suggest that Pit beta-End may not be mainly involved in the development of EAA.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1985

Participation of the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis in the morphine-induced elevation of plasma corticosterone in rats.

The effects of morphine, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and formalin on plasma corticosterone levels were investigated in the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis (NRGC)-lesioned rats. ACTH (1.0 U/kg) or formalin (6.4%, 0.2 ml/rat) elevated plasma corticosterone in both sham-lesioned and NRGC-lesioned rats at the same degree, while morphine (10 mg/kg) also elevated plasma corticosterone in sham-lesioned rats, the elevation of which was significantly reduced by NRGC-lesioning. These findings suggest that the NRGC is involved in the corticosterone-increasing effect of morphine, but not involved in the effect of ACTH or formalin.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1985

[Effect of adriamycin, mitomycin-C, and tegafur (AMF) chemotherapy on advanced lung cancer].

Seven patients with advanced inoperable carcinoma of the lung were treated with combination chemotherapy consisting of adriamycin, mitomycin-C, and tegafur (AMF therapy). There was, at least, no progress of the carcinoma during treatment and objective response was obtained in 28.6% of patients. With regard to side effects, leukopenia and gastrointestinal symptoms were found in each of 3 patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[The effect of lithium carbonate against leukopenia during systemic chemotherapy in patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung].

To investigate whether lithium carbonate ameliorates the leukopenia and infectious complication that accompany systemic chemotherapy, we studied 19 patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung receiving combination chemotherapy. Eight patients received systemic chemotherapy and lithium carbonate and 11 patients received systemic chemotherapy alone. The mean leukocyte count nadir during chemotherapy was significantly higher in the patients of the lithium group than in the patients of the control group (p less than 0.05). Percentage of infectious complication related to leukopenia was lower in the lithium group than in the control group, although there was no significant difference between these two groups. There was almost no significant side effect except for liver dysfunction in one patient. We therefore believe that lithium carbonate is an effective and safe drug against leukopenia during cytotoxic chemotherapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Malignant lymphoma of Waldeyer's ring: is lymphography always necessary?].

The role of lymphography for patients with malignant lymphomas involving Waldeyer's ring was retrospectively reviewed. The materials were 97 patients who were treated at Kyushu University Hospital from January, 1966 to December 1982. Lymphography was performed in 72 patients. Abnormal retroperitoneal nodes were detected only in 13 of them (18%). Six of the 7 patients (86%) with gastrointestinal involvement as well as Waldeyer's ring had positive lymphography, whereas only 6 of the 51 patients (12%) without gastrointestinal involvement had such findings. Although there was a significant difference in survival by cervical and inguinal lymph node status, no such discrepancy was seen between 41 stage II patients staged after lymphography and 16 stage II patients staged clinically. All these results suggest that lymphography is not always essential for patients with malignant lymphomas involving Waldeyer's ring.

Adolescent↗