[The insulinomas].
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Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
Biomedical subjects
S Tamburrano
Publications and source records attributed to S Tamburrano.
Gastric carcinoma associated with severe hypoglycemia sensitive to diazoxide.
A case of carcinoma of the stomach associated with severe hypoglycemia is reported. Diagnosis of insulinoma was excluded on the basis of history as well as laboratory tests. Postmortem examination revealed widespread small metastases to various organs; no metastasis was found in the pancreas; the histology of this gland did not show any pathological finding. No impairment in pituitary, thyroid, adrenal and liver function was detected. Fasting blood sugar ranged from 18 to 56 mg/100 ml. An oral glucose tolerance test showed a diabetic pattern with low insulin. Tolbutamide, glucagon and glucose injected i.v. gave only a moderate rise in plasma insulin levels; plasma glucagon response to arginine was subnormal. The determination of NSILA-s and gastrin in the serum of this patient gave normal values. Diazoxide infusion induced an increase in blood glucose and subsequent treatment with diazoxide relieved hypoglycemia for some months. The occasional detection of an islet cell antibody by immunofluorescence in this case is not easily understandable, but it might partly account for the carbohydrate intolerance. An impairment in gluconeogenesis dependent upon some substrate deficiency might account for the hypoglycemia in this patient.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Effects of alcohol on growth hormone secretion in acromegaly.
In 3 normal subjects and in 4 acromegalic patients pretreatment with an alcohol infusion for 4 hours at a constant rate reduced the GH response to Arginine, when comparison was made with pretreatment with saline. The reduction in acromegalics was more marked and sustained than in normals. Though it is likely that the effect of alcohol is exerted on hypothalamic centers, a direct influence on the pituitary cannot be excluded.
Acromegaly↗
Studies on the hyperglycemic effect of diphenylhydantoin in normal golden hamsters.
Injected intraperitoneally at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight into normal hamsters, diphenylhydantoin (DPH) induces a marked increase in blood glucose accompanied by a significant decrease in plasma insulin and a significant increase in plasma glucagon. After administration of phentolamine (5 mg/kg), the hyperglycemic effects of DPH is markedly reduced but remains statistically significant, plasma insulin levels are unchanged and the DPH-induced rise in plasma glucagon is significantly inhibited. Propranolol pretreatment (5 mg/kg) does not affect the DPH-induced changes in blood glucose, plasma insulin and plasma glucagon. Previous administration of reserpine (5 mg/kg/day for two days) does not modify the hyperglycemic response to DPH. These data suggest that the hyperglycemic action of DPH results from both a direct inhibitory effect of this compound on insulin secretion by the beta-cells and a direct stimulatory effect on glucagon secretion by the alpha-cells.
Animals↗
Response of islet cell tumors to enterohormones.
The insulin response to oral glucose, tolbutamide, arginine, pancreozymin and cerulein was studied in a group of subjects with insuloma and a group of normal control subjects. The same parameters were studied in a small number of cases after administration of secretin and gastrin. The glucagon response (IRG) to arginine, pancreozymin and cerulein was also studied. In subjects with insulomas plasma IRI values after oral glucose, tolbutamide and pancreozymin, starting from elevated basal levels, reached high absolute levels though the increase above basal levels did not differ significantly from normal. After cerulein plasma IRI values increased in some insuloma patients but not in normal subjects. After arginine the plasma IRI increase above basal levels was significantly lower than normal in patients with insulomas. The glucagon response to arginine was normal in the patients with insulomas; these patients showed a clearcut glucagon response to cerulein and a very irregular response after pancreozymin.
Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
[Effects of alcohol on endocrine glands].
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Blood Glucose↗
Glucagon, insulin and growth hormone response in obese women.
Plasma concentrations of insulin, growth hormone and glucagon were measured during an arginine test in obese women with normal (ON) or abnormal (OD) OGTT and in normal control subjects (N). Plasma insulin levels were higher than normal in both obese groups, while plasma growth hormone and glucagon levels were markedly reduced.
Adult↗