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Biomedical subjects

S Tamai

Publications and source records attributed to S Tamai.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Fracture of the tarsal navicular associated with calcaneonavicular coalition: a case report.

Fracture of the navicular occurred in a 23-year-old male with unilateral cartilaginous calcaneonavicular coalition. Inversion sprain of the left foot caused the longitudinal navicular fracture next to the coalition. En bloc resection from the beak of the calcaneus to the fracture line of the navicular including the calcaneonavicular coalition was performed, and a short leg cast was applied for 10 days. Four weeks after surgery, he returned to his preinjury level of activity and job as a long-distance truck driver. Two years and 3 months after surgery, he was totally asymptomatic and had gained a full range of subtalar motion. He had no peroneal spasm or recurrence of the coalition.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Radiographic analysis of hallux valgus. A two-dimensional coordinate system.

A new method was devised for the evaluation of medial and lateral splaying of the foot on dorsoplantar radiographs made while the patient is bearing weight. This method involves use of a two-dimensional coordinate system; the axis of the shaft of the second metatarsal is the x axis, the intersection of the x axis with the proximal end of the second metatarsal is the point of origin, and the perpendicular to the x axis that passes through the point of origin is the y axis. This method was used to study the radiographs of 177 feet of 112 female patients who had symptomatic hallux valgus and those of ninety-four normal feet of sixty-four female subjects. The site of origin of metatarsus primus varus in the patients who had hallux valgus was the first metatarsocuneiform joint. The great toe and first metatarsal of the patients who had hallux valgus were longer, on the average, than those of the normal subjects. However, the x coordinates at the tip of the great toe and at the end of the first metatarsal were larger only in the patients who were less than twenty years old, because of the progression of angulation of the great toe and of the first metatarsal in the older patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

CT evaluation of hepatic tumors: comparison of CT with arterial portography, CT with infusion hepatic arteriography, and simultaneous use of both techniques.

OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that CT with arterial portography (CTAP) might depict tumors undetected by CT with infusion hepatic arteriography (CTIHA), and the converse. Accordingly, we compared the detection rate of malignant tumors using CTAP, CTIHA, and simultaneous use of both techniques to determine whether CTIHA can be used to distinguish malignant from benign hepatic nodules. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Fifty-four candidates for partial liver resection who underwent combined CTAP and CTIHA were studied. Histopathologic study confirmed 77 malignant and 15 benign nodules in these patients. CTAP, CTIHA, and combined CTAP and CTIHA were used by three observers before surgery, and the sensitivities of the three methods in detecting malignant tumors were compared. Contrast-enhancement patterns of the nodules on CTIHA scans were determined. RESULTS: Sixty-eight malignant nodules (88%) were detected with CTAP, 64 (83%) with CTIHA, and 69 (90%) with simultaneous interpretation of both scans. These differences were not significant. CTIHA showed 16 malignant and 12 benign small nodules. Of these, 13 malignant and two benign nodules had rim enhancement. Use of rim enhancement as the criterion for malignancy of these small nodules gave an accuracy rate of 82%. CONCLUSION: CTAP, CTIHA, and simultaneous use of both techniques are similar in their ability to detect malignant hepatic tumors. CTAP alone is recommended for the detection of malignant hepatic tumors. CTIHA is of value in differentiating malignant from benign small nodules.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Endoscopic mucosal resection of the stomach using a ligating device (EMRL)--experimental study for the purpose of establishing reliable and safe technique].

We confirmed a new reliable and safe technique for endoscopic mucosal resection of the stomach using a ligating device (EMRL), which was used for endoscopic ligation of esophageal varices. We resected the gastric mucosa by this procedure in 6 mongrel dogs, and examined resected specimens histopathologically. It is concluded that EMRL can take a mucosal specimen 15 x 12mm in size on the average, be performed almost all the site which was previously difficult to resect endoscopically, and the submucosal local injection of physiological saline solution is necessary to perform EMRL. Based on these conclusion, we experimented to establish the safe and reliable technique of the divided mucosal resection, too. EMRL procedure is an easy and valuable treatment modality.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1995

Efficacy of slow-releasing anticancer drug delivery systems on transplantable osteosarcomas in rats.

New drug delivery systems for cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) incorporated into vehicles, such as polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), fibrin glue (F.G.), alpha-tricalciumphosphate (TCP) and ethylenevinyleacetate copolymer (Polymer) were examined using a rat osteosarcoma model. The materials containing CDDP were directly implanted into the tumors or subcutaneous tissue of rats, and the inhibitory effects on tumor growth and lung metastasis were evaluated. Data on in vitro kinetics of CDDP release revealed good results for both TCP and F.G., and the release pattern from TCP to be most appropriate for a slow-releasing drug delivery system. This was supported by the results of the implantation experiments, whereby the direct implantation of TCP containing CDDP (CDDP-TCP) into tumors, gave significantly better inhibitions of tumor growth and metastasis than either non-treatment (P < 0.01) or subcutaneous implantation (P < 0.05). In a second experiment, using different administration procedures, different inhibitory effects on tumor growth and lung metastatic potency were observed with intra-arterial and intravenous CDDP administration, as well as with CDDP-TCP implanted subcutaneously. Suppression effects of CDDP (10 mg/kg)-TCP directly implanted into tumors were equal to those of intra-arterial (2.5 mg/kg) and intravenous (5.0 mg/kg) administrations. The present results suggest CDDP-TCP implantation to be effective as a slow-release drug delivery system for inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis, and that it should be a useful adjuvant to conventional i.v. or i.a. chemotherapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Effects of lactitol on fecal bacterial flora in patients with liver cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy].

Lactitol, a non-absorbable synthetic disaccharide, was administered at a dose of 36g/day for 3-4 weeks to 8 patients with liver cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy in order to investigate its effects on fecal bacterial flora and clinical symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy. Lactitol significantly increased occupation ratio (ratio to total bacterial number) of anaerobic Bifidobacterium (before administration 7.1% --> after 4 weeks 46.0% (p < 0.05) as well as bacterial count of Lactobacillus. On the other hand, bacterial counts of Bacteroides and Clostridium, which are considered to be NH3-producing bacteria, and that of total aerobic bacteria were not markedly changed, but their occupation ratio were decreased after the administration. Further, tendencies toward decreased fecal pH, increased frequency of defecation and soft stools were observed. As for clinical efficacy, a decrease in blood ammonia concentration, improvement in mental state and flapping tremor were also observed.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Spontaneous regression in a case of primary pulmonary lymphoma with Sjögren's syndrome].

A 62-year-old asymptomatic woman had a nodular shadow approximately 3 cm in diameter in the middle lung field on chest roentgenogram. The shadow gradually grew over 1.5 years. She was then admitted to our hospital for evaluation of the abnormal shadow. Transbronchial biopsy specimens showed a diffuse, small, lymphoid infiltrate with predominance of B-cells. These findings suggested neoplastic proliferation. Further examinations revealed the presence of Sjögren's syndrome. Four months later, she was readmitted for surgical resection. Chest roentgenogram on the second admission disclosed that the mass shadow had shrunk slightly. Histopathological examination of the resected specimen led to the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma, diffuse small cell type (IgG kappa type). Gene analysis revealed the presence of heavy chain gene rearrangements, which confirmed the diagnosis of B-cell lymphoma. In this case, no contraction or necrosis of the lesion was observed, and the change in the shadow size was probably due to partial or transient spontaneous regression.

Female↗
PubMed1995

[Calvarial metastasis of cervical carcinoma showing the dural tail sign on magnetic resonance imaging].

A 42-year-old female was admitted to our department on 3 August, 1993 with a 3-month history of steadily enlarging subgaleal mass (3.2 x 3.0 cm) in the parietal region. She had been doing well following radiotherapy for cervical carcinoma of the uterus one year previously. Neurological examination on admission was negative. Axial T1-weighted MR images showed a low-intensity mass with marked homogeneous enhancement in the area of bone destruction, and a dural tail adjacent to the tumor (flare sign) after Gd-DTPA administration. The tumor was totally resected, and was pathologically diagnosed as a calvarial metastasis of the cervical carcinoma. However, 5 months later the tumor recurred anterior to the site of the resection. Since the dura mater adjacent to the tumor exhibited collagen fiber proliferation, the dural tail sign was appeared to represent a reaction to the tumor. Other calvarial metastatic lesions appeared adjacent to the initial lesion 5 months after the initial lesion was resected, however, suggesting that tumor cell nests were present in the dura mater which exhibited the dural tail sign. Extensive pathological examination of the dura mater appears necessary whenever a dural tail sign is detected by magnetic resonance imaging.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Function of supraspinatus muscle with torn cuff evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging.

An estimation of the residual function of the supraspinatus muscle after rotator cuff tear is useful to select the best operative method for repair of the torn cuff and to evaluate prognosis after surgery. The residual function of the supraspinatus muscle was studied by magnetic resonance imaging with motor unit potential amplitudes on electromyograms. Forty-three normal shoulders and 41 shoulders in patients with cuff tears were scanned by magnetic resonance imaging parallel to the long axis of the supraspinatus muscle. The ratio of the largest width of the supraspinatus muscle belly to the distance from the greater tubercle to the proximal end of the supraspinatus muscle was termed the supraspinatus muscle belly ratio. The linear bands of the supraspinatus muscle and the variation in the muscular signal intensity were classified into 3 grades. With a reduction in the motor unit potential amplitude, the supraspinatus muscle belly ratio became lower than 0.15. Additionally, the degree of appearance of the linear bands in the supraspinatus muscle belly increased, and the signal intensity became less uniform. The residual function of the supraspinatus muscle decreased when such morphologic changes were shown by magnetic resonance images. By analyzing these images, the best operative method for repairing a rotator cuff tear can be selected and the prognosis can be evaluated.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Efficacy of the angiogenesis inhibitor O-(chloroacetyl-carbamoyl)fumagillol (AGM-1470) on osteosarcoma growth and lung metastasis in rats.

The efficacy of the anti-angiogenic agent, O-(chloroacetyl-carbamoyl)fumagillol (AGM-1470), against primary tumor growth and spontaneous lung metastasis was evaluated experimentally using a transplantable osteosarcoma line in rats previously established in our laboratory. Male Fischer 344 rats bearing the tumor with a high potential for metastasis received intermittent or continuous subcutaneous administrations of AGM-1470. Both treatment regimens resulted in significant inhibitions of spontaneous lung metastasis and primary tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner, with continuous administration of AGM-1470 exerting the most pronounced inhibitory effects on both parameters.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Low tibial osteotomy for osteoarthritis of the ankle. Results of a new operation in 18 patients.

Primary osteoarthritis of the ankle with no history of trauma is rare. We report the use of a low tibial osteotomy on 18 ankles in 18 patients, two men and 16 women. The osteotomy is designed to correct the varus tilt and anterior opening of the distal tibial joint surface where it has been shown by weight-bearing radiographs and arthroscopy that there is healthy articular cartilage on the lateral side of the ankle. An opening-wedge osteotomy was used to achieve slight overcorrection. Follow-up of the 18 ankles at an average of 6 years 11 months (2.7 to 12.10) showed the results by our own scoring system to be excellent in six ankles, good in nine, and fair in three with no poor results. Of the three patients with fair results, two had been undercorrected and the third had little residual articular cartilage. Arthroscopic examination of ten ankles showed repair by fibrocartilage in seven. We conclude that slight overcorrection of deformity by low tibial osteotomy is effective in treating intermediate-stage primary osteoarthritis of the ankle.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1995

["Quick Return Service" of the surgical pathology].

The "Quick Return Service" of laboratory information would be the service for patients and clinicians that supply the laboratory information the instance that the specimens and the requests of laboratory examinations are accepted by the laboratory on the basis of the hospital information system (HIS) and the high-speed hospital transportation system of the specimens. Is the "Quick Return Service" of the pathological diagnosis possible and necessary? This question led the author to review the technical environments of the pathological diagnosis, especially of the frozen section diagnosis through our experience at the surgical pathology division of the Department of Laboratory Medicine of National Defense Medical College (NDMC) Hospital. Through the review, it appears that the supporting system for surgical pathologists to frozen section diagnosis ("Quick Return Service") is essential. Pathologists often need clinical and radiological information at the pathological diagnosis. For quick gaining of the information by surgical pathologists on the "Quick Return Service", the efficient HIS including hospital PACS (picture archiving and communication system) is necessary. Standardization and quality assurance of images of frozen section are also necessary. The technical environments of telepathology are developing. The interinstitution consultation through the telepathology will be the indispensable help for the "general" surgical pathologists confronting the problematic cases in the small hospitals that are deficient of pathologists. With the help of staff of the surgical pathology division of the NDMC hospital and the technologists of Mitsubishi Electronics, Co, the author has tried to develop the archiving system of frozen section pictures on the digital image management system.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Clinical Laboratory Information Systems↗
PubMed1995

[Triple osteotomy (modified Tönnis method) for advanced coxarthrosis].

The results of 79 triple osteotomies (modified Tönnis method) for advanced coxarthrosis in 76 patients, performed between 1986 and 1991 in our clinic, were evaluated. The operation was performed for 72 females and 4 males, with a mean age of 45.6 years, ranging from 20 to 59 years. The mean follow-up period was 4 years and 2 months, ranging from 1.6 to 9 years. The operative technique used was a modified Tönnis method originally described by Tönnis in 1981. Using a dorsal approach, the ischium is first osteotomized and then turning the patient to the supine position, the osteotomies of the pubis and ilium are performed through an anterior approach. The osteotomized acetabulum is rotated antero-laterally as much as possible to cover the femoral head sufficiently and is fixed with 4 or 5 Steinmann pins. For the clinical evaluation, we used the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Score. The average score improved from 68 points preoperatively to 90 points postoperatively. The roentogenological evaluation confirmed the following results; excellent in 36 hips (46%) with good joint space and good joint congruity, fair in 35 hips (44%) with good joint space and fair joint congruity, and poor in 8 hips (10%) with narrowed joint space. The average CE angle at follow-up was 40.3 degrees in 36 hips with excellent result, 33.8 degrees in 35 hips with fair, and 32.4 degrees in 8 hips with poor (p < 0.01). Good remodelings are obtained, if the CE angle becomes more than 40 degrees postoperatively in acetabular rotational osteotomy for advanced coxarthrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67 in lung carcinoma. Correlation with DNA flow cytometric analysis.

BACKGROUND: To study the prognosis of patients with lung carcinomas, the efficacy of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in ensuring both the proliferative activity defined using Ki-67 labeling and the cell cycle data obtained using flow cytometry was determined. METHODS: The authors used immunostaining to study frozen and paraffin embedded sections of 165 surgically resected lung carcinomas [squamous cell carcinoma, n = 84; adenocarcinoma, n = 62; large cell carcinoma, n = 15; small cell carcinoma, n = 4] for the presence of PCNA and Ki-67 antibodies. Also studied were two parameter flow cytometric analysis of fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated PCNA/propidium iodide for 165 fresh frozen tissues. Clinicopathologic data (sex, age, tumor stage, survival period, histologic type, degree of cell differentiation, and cellularity) were evaluated using the Statistical Analysis System. RESULTS: The percentages of PCNA positive cells per 1000 nuclei were 52% of squamous cell carcinoma; 49% in adenocarcinomas; 76% of large cell carcinoma; and 63% of small cell carcinoma. Positive PCNA staining was significantly correlated with stage, cellularity, and DNA index. Calculation of logistic regression coefficients indicated an association between overall survivals and tumor cellularity (P < 0.0003), percentage of cells stained with PCNA antibody (P < 0.02), DNA pattern (aneuploid versus diploid) (P < 0.009), DNA index (P < 0.009), and percentage of cells in S-phase (P < 0.04). Both cellularity (P = 0.03) and DNA (P = 0.08) retained its independent level of significance by multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to clinical stage and histologic differentiation, both cellularity and DNA content may help predict the course of lung carcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

A Case of Stromal Sarcoma of the Breast Coexisting with Noninvasive Ductal Carcinoma.

This paper describes a very rare case of stromal sarcoma of the breast coexisting with simultaneous noninvasive ductal carcinoma in the same breast. A 75-year-old female was seen at our hospital for a lump in the right breast. On physical examination, a 10 x 8 cm well-difined and movable hard mass with a smooth surface was palpated in the upper outer quadrant of the breast. Aspiration cytology suggested a non-epithelial tumor with marked dysplasia (class 3b). Drill biopsy revealed probable stromal sarcoma. Simple mastectomy and axillary lymphonode sampling was performed. Histologically, the tumor was stromal sarcoma in the upper outer quadrant of the breast. In addition, noninvasive ductal carcinoma was simultaneously detected in the upper inner quadrant of the breast as an independent lesion. No positive axillary nodes were found. To date, as far as we could investigate, there was no preceding case report of both stromal sarcoma and carcinoma in the single patient at the same time.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

Significance of hepatocellular proliferation in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma from anti-hepatitis C virus-positive cirrhotic patients.

BACKGROUND: There is a hypothesis explaining the pathogenesis of carcinoma that increased proliferation of tissue cells correlates with the development of carcinoma, presumably by increased rate of random mutations and by promotion. In this study, the significance of hepatocellular proliferation in the development of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive cirrhotic patients was studied. METHODS: Twenty-eight Child A cirrhotic patients who were anti-HCV (C-100 antibody) positive were studied. At the beginning of the study, the in vitro uptake of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU, a thymidine analogue) by hepatocytes in biopsied liver specimens was investigated as labeling indices (LIs), and they were divided into high-DNA synthetic (BrdU LI > or = 1.5%) and low-DNA synthetic (BrdU LI < 1.5%) groups. The patients were then surveyed prospectively with frequent ultrasonography (every 3 months) for the development of HCC for 3 years. RESULTS: The mean BrdU LI plus or minus standard deviation for 14 cirrhotic patients with high-DNA synthesis activity (BrdU LI > or = 1.5%) was 2.7 +/- 0.8%, and this was significantly (P < 0.001) higher than that for 14 cirrhotic patients with low-DNA synthesis activity (BrdU LI < 1.5%, 0.5 +/- 0.3%). Nine of 14 (64.3%) of the cirrhotic patients with high-DNA synthesis activity developed HCC in the 3-year period, in contrast to only 2 of 14 (14.3%) of the cirrhotic patients with low-DNA synthesis activity P < 0.05).

Aged↗