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Biomedical subjects

S Takebayashi

Publications and source records attributed to S Takebayashi.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[High-resolution ultrasound of the thyroid in patients with Graves' disease].

The thyroid glands in 53 patients with Graves' disease were scanned with 10-MHz high-resolution ultrasound. Homogeneous echo pattern was noted in 21 patients (39.6%), and heterogeneous echo pattern was noted in 31 patients (60.4%). Each mean value of the serum triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and free thyroxine (Free T4) in patients with heterogeneous-echo thyroid was noted higher than that of the group with homogeneous-echo thyroid. (p less than 0.05) However, between the two groups, there is no significant difference in mean age and mean duration of treatment with antithyroid drugs. The heterogeneous echo pattern is strongly suggested to be correlated with the severity of hyperthyroidism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

A case of vesical varices as a complication of portal hypertension and manifested gross hematuria.

We report a unique case of vesical varices in a patient who presented with an episode of serious gross hematuria. He also had cirrhosis of the liver and portal hypertension, and had undergone transection of the esophagus 10 years ago. A hemangiomatous mass was discovered on cystoscopic examination, and sonographic examination, computerized tomography and abdominal angiography revealed vesical varices. The genesis of vesical varices and possible treatment in this case are discussed.

Hematuria↗
PubMed1989

Perivascular innervation of the mesenteric artery in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Perivascular innervation of the mesenteric arteries of 7-week-old and 6-month-old spontaneously hypertensive rats and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats was examined. The densities of neuropeptide Y-containing nerve fibers and adrenergic nerve fibers were increased in the distal regions of mesenteric arteries of spontaneously hypertensive rats as compared with findings in Wistar-Kyoto rats. However, the densities of cholinergic nerve fibers, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-containing, and substance P-containing nerve fibers in the mesenteric arteries of the spontaneously hypertensive rats were unchanged in comparison with findings in the Wistar-Kyoto rats. Thus, not only adrenergic nerve fibers but also neuropeptide Y-containing nerve fibers may play an important role in the development and maintenance of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1988

Apolipoproteins in human biopsied nephrotic kidneys.

Using monospecific antibodies to purified human apolipoproteins, immunofluorescence microscopy of renal biopsies from 4 patients with nephrotic syndrome revealed apolipoprotein (apo) AI, apo CIII and apo B (LDL) in lysosomes of the proximal tubular cells. This supports the hypothesis that there is increased filtration of both high density lipoproteins (HDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) with partial reabsorption by the tubules, thus affecting the serum lipoprotein levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Clinical choroidal thrombosis, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus: an electron microscopic study.

Changes in the choroidal artery were examined at autopsy in 16 Japanese patients with hypertension and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. These changes could be divided into 1) arteriosclerotic ones consisting of intimal thickening due to migration of smooth muscle cells, 2) hyaline deposits in the subendothelium, 3) extensive degeneration (moth-eaten atrophy and necrosis) of medial smooth muscle cells, and 4) changes resulting from fibrinoplatelet thrombi and their organization (recanalization and obstruction). The intimal thickening and medial damage correlated with aging, were accelerated by hypertension, and were remarkable in arterioles less than 60 micron in diameter. Diabetes mellitus apparently did not enhance these vascular changes. Thrombotic occlusion or narrowing of the choroidal artery was frequently observed in the arterioles of patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus who had chronic azotemia or renal insufficiency. Subendothelial hyaline deposits were increased in patients with diabetes. The narrowing or obstructive changes in the choroidal artery were extensive in the intraocular blood vessels. These changes may be secondary and induce damage to other intraocular blood vessels and tissues, including the retina.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

"Osmiophilic elastolysis" of peripheral organ arteries in patients with Marfan's syndrome.

Electron microscopic examinations were performed on systemic muscle-type arteries from two teen-age girls with Marfan's syndrome. In the peripheral organ arteries, the internal elastic lamella revealed a feature tentatively termed "osmiophilic elastolysis". The lytic changes appeared segmentally in the form of electron-dense fragments, and were partly absorbed. Regenerated elastin had a normal structure and surrounded the elastolytic lesions. The same changes were observed in the newly formed small areas of elastin in the thickened intima. The remaining elastic lamella in the affected region contained numerous fine electron-dense granules. Intercellular substances, including collagen fibrils and proteoglycan, other than elastic fibers, were increased secondarily in the elastolytic lesions without any evidence of ultrastructural abnormality. Medical smooth muscle cells making contact with the elastolytic lesions were necrosed and absorbed, and smooth muscle cells in a state of synthesis were increased in the adjacent areas. Abnormal elastogenesis, which showed no remarkable changes macroscopically or light microscopically, was systemic but segmental in the peripheral organ arteries, and regeneration of the structurally normal elastin was concurrent with elastolysis. These events were diagnostic for Marfan's syndrome, and cannot be explained by the conventional theory of elastogenetic enzymic deficiency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Arteriovenous malformations of the kidneys: ablation with alcohol.

Ablation of renal arteriovenous malformations with absolute alcohol was performed in seven patients with massive hematuria. In three patients, total occlusion of the malformations was accomplished by ablation of two arterial branches. In the remaining four patients, the malformations were partially occluded by ablation of one or two arterial branches. In addition to ablation with alcohol, two of the four patients underwent subselective embolization with Gelfoam (absorbable gelatin sponge) under epinephrine pharmacoangiography, which resulted in the disappearance of the remaining malformations. None of the patients had serious complications from ablation with alcohol, although dyspnea and headache occurred in one patient with marked arteriovenous shunting. During long-term follow-ups, hematuria disappeared in six patients. In the remaining patient hematuria recurred but did not require treatment. These data suggest that alcohol ablation is useful and safe in the treatment of renal arteriovenous malformations.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Localization of atherosclerotic lesions in the curving sites of human internal carotid arteries.

We studied the distribution of the early atherosclerotic lesions in the curving sites of the human internal carotid arteries composed of the carotid siphon portion (part I) and carotid canal portion (part II). These early atherosclerotic lesions included a localized cloudy thickening with pallor, slight elevation, a non-fibrotic lesion and gray-white or yellowish-white, firm, elevated fibrous plaques. These lesions had the same pattern-distribution in each curving artery. Both were located in the distal regions from the middle of the inner curvature of parts I and II, where eddying fluid motions and directional change in the wall shear stress were considered to occur. In part I, there was a localized cloudy thickening in the younger subjects (average age: 22.8 years) rather than fibrous plaques (average age: 63.3 years). A positive correlation between the extent of the surface areas involved with fibrous plaques and the age of subjects was found in parts I and II. The extent of the surface areas involved with fibrous plaques was significantly greater in part I (26.9%) than in part II (7.85%). The radius of curvature was shorter in the former than in the latter. These results suggest that hemodynamic factors associated with flow in the curving sites of arteries may be important for the localization and progression of atherosclerotic lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Hypertension-related aggravation of Iga nephropathy: a statistical approach.

To evaluate the influence of hypertension on human glomerulonephritis, 200 biopsies from 74 patients with Iga nephropathy were examined. Chosen for this study were 28 hypertensive patients and 46 normotensive subjects during an observation period of 3.84 +/- 2.17 years, which extended from the first to the last biopsy. In a comprehensive analysis, the following findings were observed: Glomerular sclerosis was analyzed semiquantitatively and estimated as "glomerular index" (GI). Interstitial volume (IV) was determined by the point-counting method. Mesangial electron dense deposits (MDD) and arteriolar hyaline change (HC) were also analyzed semiquantitatively. Arterial fibroelastic intimal thickening was analyzed morphometrically and estimated as the luminal "occlusive rate" (OR). These morphological parameters including their serial changes were compared between the hypertensives and the normotensives. The serial changes in GI and IV from the first to the last biopsy were significantly greater in the hypertensives than in the normotensives. Both OR and HC, including their serial changes, were significantly higher in the hypertensive subjects. In the study of MDD and its serial changes, no difference was apparent between the two groups. In the study of OR and HC, there was no correlation observed with GI. Our observations show that hypertension accelerates the progression of both glomerular and vascular sclerosis in case of human glomerulonephritis and suggests that this acceleration cannot only be explained by ischemia-related factors resulting from vascular sclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical study on the effect of adjuvant immunochemotherapy using OK-432 and 5-FU in pharyngeal and laryngeal cancers].

A randomized controlled trial was carried out on 38 pharyngeal and 59 laryngeal previously untreated cancers to evaluate the effects of adjuvant immunochemotherapy using 5-FU with and without OK-432. After each fundamental therapy, 5-FU was given orally at a dose of 200-300 mg/day for more than a year. OK-432 was intracutaneously administered at a dose of 5KE once a week for more than a year. Three-year survival rates and disease-free intervals were estimated for the two groups. In cases of pharyngeal cancer, the 3-year survival rate was 58% in both groups and the disease-free interval rates for up to 3 years after the fundamental therapy was 49% in the OK-432 + 5-FU group and 52% in the 5-FU group. These results showed no statistically significant difference. In laryngeal cancers, the 3-year survival rate was 96% in the OK-432 + 5-FU group and 82% in the 5-FU group. These results also showed no statistically significant difference. The disease-free interval rates were 87% in the OK-432 + 5-FU group and 64% in the 5-FU group, revealing a statistically significant difference (p less than 0.1). This suggests that OK-432 is more effective in producing a higher survival rate in cases of laryngeal cancer.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Increased subendothelial infiltration of the coronary arteries with monocytes/macrophages in patients with unstable angina. Histological data on 14 autopsied patients.

We report semi-quantitative histological data on coronary arteries, collected at autopsy from Japanese of both sexes (Group I) who had had unstable anginal attacks and transient ST elevation or depression in ECG within 1 month before death. The cause of death in all cases was acute myocardial infarction or coronary sudden death. A control group consisted of 28 autopsied patients (Group II) who had died of causes other than heart disease and who had been free from anginal attacks. The frequency of 51-75% and 76-100% luminal narrowing in the coronary arteries in Group I was statistically higher than that in Group II (P less than 0.01). Subendothelial infiltration of monocytes/macrophages with edematous change was most evident in Group I in all segments of the coronary artery, particularly in the proximal portions of the three main branches, regardless of mural or occlusive thrombotic sites of the coronary artery. The subendothelial infiltration of monocytes/macrophages, in terms of luminal narrowing, was the most frequent in the portions with 0-50% luminal narrowing, followed by portions with 51-75% narrowing. The subendothelial infiltration of mononuclear cells with edematous change, observed mostly in the proximal portions of three main branches of the coronary artery in Group I, was attributed to increased subendothelial permeability and endothelial damage caused by coronary vasospasm of recent occurrence. We propose that repeated vasospasm may lead to further progression of coronary atherosclerosis.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1987

A comparative study of IgA nephritis in Japan and Germany. An approach to its geopathology.

A comparison of clinical and pathological features in 357 Japanese cases and 29 German cases of primary IgA nephritis was performed. Male population was higher than female in the German cases (2.6:1), while it was almost even in the Japanese (1.07:1) (p less than 0.05). Age distribution was similar. At the time of detection of the disease, asymptomatic patients were more frequent in Japanese (78%) than in German cases (60%) (p less than 0.05). The most common findings were mild mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis in both series (65% in Japanese, 61% in German cases), but severe histological changes were more frequent in German patients (25%) than in the Japanese (16%). The incidence of IgA nephritis in primary glomerulonephritis was 38.8% in Japanese and 11.9% in German cases, and the incidence in mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis was 65.6% in Japanese and 29.2% in German patients (p less than 0.01). It is considered that the divergent incidence of IgA nephritis may be a real geopathological event, although its variability may be intensified by different indications for biopsy or different population. It is suggested that various possible pathogenetic agents may be irregularly distributed throughout the world, which may contribute to the divergent clinical and pathological manifestations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Arterial changes after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty: results at autopsy.

Light and electron microscopic examinations were performed on 20 coronary artery sites from nine patients who had undergone percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Twelve successfully dilated sites without prior thrombosis showed evidence of a tear in the luminal surface (with or without fracture of an atheroma) even at 140 days after angioplasty. The tear split through a relatively undistensible intima in 9 (75%) of the 12 sites. Two successfully dilated sites with prior thrombosis showed an intraintimal tear with a widely lacerated fibrous cap and thin mural thrombus. After dilation, the occluded prior nonthrombosed site showed marked protrusion of a separated plaque. An occluded prior thrombosed site after dilation revealed intraintimal canal-like hematoma. Four sites that occluded after balloon passage revealed a dissecting hematoma in three and plaque disruption in the other.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Effect of hyperlipidemia on glomerular sclerosis in unilateral nephrectomized rats.

The development of focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS) and its relation to hypertriglycemia were studied in unilateral nephrectomized rats. Group A (n = 6), fed standard rat chow supplemented with 20% beef tallow and 0.6% cholic acid for 25 weeks, showed evidence of hypertriglycemia (109.4 +/- 4.3 mg/dl). Group B (n = 7) was given the same rat chow as group A, but they did not have high serum levels of TG (66.4 +/- 2.3 mg/dl). Group C (n = 6) were the controls and their serum TG levels were 53.0 +/- 3.8 mg/dl. The incidence of FSGS and body weight was significantly higher in group A than in groups B (p less than 0.01) and C (p less than 0.05). In all three groups, rats with over a 4% FSGS revealed significantly high serum TG levels, proteinuria, and body weight, as compared with rats with less than 1% of FSGS. The serum cholesterol levels did not correlate with the incidence of FSGS. We tentatively conclude that hypertriglycemia induced by a diet rich in saturated fatty acid may play an important role in the production and progression of FSGS.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Sonography for early diagnosis of enlarged parathyroid glands in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism.

High-resolution sonography of the neck was performed in 207 patients undergoing renal dialysis to determine the usefulness of sonography in the evaluation of secondary hyperparathyroidism. The sonograms in 62 (30%) of the patients showed enlarged parathyroid glands, with an average of 2.3 glands per patient. Both the number and size of enlarged glands were increased in patients who had been receiving dialysis treatment for more than 6 years. Of the patients who had enlarged parathyroid glands on sonography, only 61% had bone pain, and only 63% had evidence of hyperparathyroidism on bone radiographs. Serum levels of amino-terminal parathormone were within normal limits in 26% of these patients. In 14 patients who underwent total parathyroidectomy, the accuracy of sonography for the detection of enlarged parathyroid glands was 77% (40/52 lesions). Sonography is a valuable technique for the detection of enlarged parathyroid glands in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism associated with renal dialysis.

Adult↗