[Coclaurine and related compounds. I. Syntheses of dl-coclaurine and dl-O-benzyl-N-methylcoclaurine. (Studies on the syntheses of heterocyclic compounds 103.)].
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Chemical Phenomena↗
Biomedical subjects
S Takano
Publications and source records attributed to S Takano.
Lack of carcinogenicity of thiamphenicol in F344 rats.
The carcinogenicity of thiamphenicol (TAP), an antibiotic drug, was examined in Fischer 344 rats of both sexes. TAP was given ad lib. in drinking water at levels of 0 (control), 125 or 250 ppm to groups of 50 male and 50 female rats for 2 yr. The treatment did not affect mortality and no toxic lesions were specifically induced. Furthermore, the incidence of tumours in the treated groups did not show any significant dose-related increase as compared with the control group. The results thus indicate that TAP is neither toxic nor carcinogenic, for any organs or tissues of F344 rats when given continuously at levels of 125 or 250 ppm in drinking water for 2 yr.
Administration, Oral↗
Primary hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in the adult.
A case is reported of a 55 year old male patient with primary hypertrophic pyloric stenosis who was subjected to distal gastrectomy. Adult hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is an uncommon condition which is usually misdiagnosed as carcinoma of the antrum. It is a benign disease resulting from hypertrophy of the circular fibres of the pyloric canal and is recognizable radiologically by narrowing and elongation of the pyloric canal and endoscopically by appearances resembling those of the cervix. This condition is probably congenital although aetiology has not been established. In the absence of symptoms, no clinical treatment is required. However, surgical intervention is advocated, when stenosis gives rise to symptoms, there is a suspicion of malignancy, or the ulceration due to the disease. Distal gastrectomy with gastroduodenostomy is the treatment of choice.
Diagnostic Errors↗
The treatment of pheochromocytoma associated with pseudo-obstruction and perforation of the colon, hepatic failure, and DIC.
The case of a 59-year-old man with paralytic ileus (pseudo-obstruction) associated with pheochromocytoma is reviewed. Paralytic ileus is believed to have been the result of overstimulation of alpha and beta receptors on the intestine by catecholamines. Phentolamine, bunazocin, propranolol, bethanechol and midaglizole in single administrations or in combination were administered. Phentolamine infusion clearly relieved the symptom, but ileus recurred, and the patient died of respiratory failure, liver dysfunction and disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome. The significant role of catecholamines in causing these symptoms is discussed, and the management of this relatively rare complication is reviewed.
Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
Serum levels of five tumor markers for lung cancer in patients with chronic renal failure.
The soluble cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA) and pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP) are recently described promising tumor markers for lung cancers. To assess their alterations in renal dysfunction, serum levels of CYFRA and ProGRP were determined together with conventional markers including carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC), neuron specific enolase (NSE) in patients with renal failure of varying degrees. The mean concentration of all these markers but NSE significantly increased with the severity of renal failure. After hemodialysis (HD), the mean concentration of ProGRP, the molecular weight of which is comparable to that of 2-microglobulin, was significantly decreased. High false positive rates for tumor markers of lung cancer in patients with renal failure should be considered to avoid unnecessary diagnostic procedures.
Adult↗
A new technique of hepatic vein reconstruction in living related liver transplantation.
OBJECTIVE: To attempt to reconstruct the hepatic vein safely and easily in living related liver transplantation (LRLT). DESIGN: Retrospective case series. SUBJECTS: Four patients over 15 years of age underwent LRLT. INTERVENTION: A surgical technique of hepatic vein anastomosis, using the common anastomotic orifice of the middle and left hepatic veins of a left lobe graft and the right hepatic vein of the recipient. After reperfusion, the graft is immobilized in a position decided upon using color Doppler ultrasonography to ensure no out-flow block. RESULTS: The graft is lowered below the right diaphragm and rotated 90 degrees. This condition provides good visibility, enabling an accurate anastomosis. Four patients developed no complications included with out-flow block and hemorrhage. CONCLUSIONS: This technique is safe and easy for reconstruction of the hepatic vein in LRLT.
Adolescent↗
A retrospective analysis of 88 patients with pancreaticogastrostomy after pancreaticoduodenectomy.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Recently, pancreaticogastrostomy after pancreaticoduodenectomy has been reintroduced as a useful procedure with a low incidence of pancreatic leakage. We decided to retrospectively analyze the early postoperative and late follow-up complications in a large number of patients who had undergone our improved pancreaticogastrostomy. METHODOLOGY: Between August 1993 and November 1998, we performed pancreaticogastrostomy following pancreaticoduodenectomy in 88 consecutive patients including pylorus preservation in 14. Our pancreaticogastrostomy used a two-layer implantation method using a pancreatic duct stent with an anterior gastrotomy. RESULTS: The morbidity and mortality rates were 5.7% and 0%, respectively. There were no cases of pancreatic leakage and no postoperative complications directly related to the pancreaticogastrostomy. As for gastric emptying, the average time until resumption feeding was 12 days, with no significant difference between pancreaticogastrostomy and pylorus-preserving pancreaticogastrostomy. As to late follow-up complications, diabetes developed postoperatively in 6.5% (4/62) patients, and of 14 patients who were shown by magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, 5 (35.7%) developed pancreatic ductal dilatation after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: These results from a relatively large group conclusively prove the safety of pancreaticogastrostomy and indicate that the follow-up quality of life is good under the circumstances.
Anastomosis, Surgical↗
Synergistic cytotoxic effects of tumor necrosis factor, interferon-gamma and tamoxifen on breast cancer cell lines.
The combined effects of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interferon-gamma (IFN) and tamoxifen (TAM) on the proliferation of human breast cancer cell lines were investigated. In estrogen receptor positive MCF-7 cells, relatively resistant to TAM or TNF, cytotoxicity significantly increased in combinations of TNF and IFN, and of a cytokine and TAM. The cytotoxicity of TNF increased when cells were pretreated with IFN, but not vice versa. Sequential treatment with IFN following TNF and TAM also exhibited significant antiproliferative effect on both cell lines. The combined or sequential cytokines and TAM treatments are possible modalities to overcome breast cancers unresponsive to endocrine treatment.
Antineoplastic Agents↗
Role of 5-hydroxytryptamine in platelet thrombus formation and mechanisms of inhibition of thrombus formation by 5-hydroxytryptamine2A antagonists in rabbits.
The role of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in platelet thrombus formation and in the mechanisms of inhibition of thrombus formation by 5-HT2A antagonists was investigated using a turbidimetric method. Collagen-induced platelet aggregation occurred simultaneously with a release of 5-HT from the platelets. The supernatant of collagen-aggregated platelets induced a further aggregation volume-dependently. This supernatant-induced aggregation was inhibited by either 5-HT2A antagonists or adenosine-diphosphate (ADP) scavenging. 5-Hydroxytryptamine and a small amount of the supernatant shifted the dose-response curves of collagen to the left. The aggregation velocity and the onset of aggregation by collagen were significantly increased by the supernatant, but not by 5-HT. The 5-HT2A antagonists, ketanserin and MCI-9042, returned the dose-response curves of the maximum aggregation and of the aggregation velocity of collagen, which were already amplified by the supernatant, to the original values. The onset of aggregation was delayed by the antagonists, but was not completely returned to the original points. There were distinct differences between the effects of endogenous 5-HT, derived from platelets which were stimulated by collagen, and those of exogenous 5-HT on both extensive platelet activation and amplification of the collagen-induced aggregation. These findings suggest that endogenous 5-HT activates platelets in synergism with ADP. The 5-HT2A antagonists used, block the synergism via 5-HT2A receptors and lead to inhibition of a positive feedback loop of thrombus formation.
Adenosine Diphosphate↗
Effect of age on the induction of endometrial lesions by a single intra-uterine administration of N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in F344 rats.
A total of 54 10-week-old or 49 10-month-old female F344 rats were given a single intrauterine administration of 20 mg/kg N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (ENNG) dissolved in polyethylene glycol (PEG) via the vagina using a non-laparotomy approach. Control animals (32 10-week-old or 29 10-month-old rats) were given PEG alone in the same manner. The animals were killed at 15 and 18 months of age, respectively. One animal in the young treated group presented an endometrial adenocarcinoma (incidence: 2.1%), although the incidence and degree of endometrial hyperplasias were significantly increased in both groups of treated animals, as compared to corresponding controls. Histologically, many of these lesions were polypous glandular hyperplasias (adenomatous polyps) with stromal proliferation. The incidence and grade of proliferative lesions in the young treated group were slightly higher than those in the old treated group. ENNG administration did not appear to affect the hormonal situation in treated animals. These results indicate that young animals may be more sensitive to ENNG than aged ones for induction of endometrial lesions, although ENNG-treatment alone is not sufficient for early and high induction of carcinomas even in young rats of this strain.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Improved technique for pancreaticogastrostomy with implantation method after pancreaticoduodenectomy.
We performed improved pancreaticogastrostomy after pancreaticoduodenectomy in 60 consecutive patients between August, 1993 and July, 1997. Our improved pancreaticogastrostomy was made by implantation method with pancreatic duct stent. Two-layer fusion of anastomosis between full thickness or mucosa/submucosa of gastric wall and pancreatic parenchyma was completed via gastric lumen with gastrotomy in the anterior gastric wall. The morbidity and mortality rates were 3% and 0%, respectively. There was absolutely no pancreatic leakage, and no postoperative complications directly related to the pancreaticogastrostomy. The biggest advantage of this procedure was to be able to anastomose in a good field of vision via gastric lumen with gastrotomy in the anterior gastric wall. This improved pancreaticogastrostomy seemed to be technically very easy and a safe method.
Anastomosis, Surgical↗