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Biomedical subjects

S Takada

Publications and source records attributed to S Takada.

405 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative study on evaluation methods for serum testosterone level for PADAM diagnosis.

The International Society for the Study of the Aging Male (ISSAM) recommends that a diagnosis be based on a patient's total testosterone (TT), calculated free testosterone (cFT), or calculated bioavailable testosterone (cBT) for partial androgen deficiency of the aging male (PADAM). The purpose of this study was to confirm whether hypogonadism of patients with PADAM is related to symptoms and clarify which criteria of testosterone recommended by ISSAM is suitable for Japanese patients. A total of 90 patients with PADAM symptoms were included in this study. Endocrinologic profiles were reviewed as appropriate, and PADAM symptoms were judged by means of several questionnaires. Laboratory values and symptoms were compared between patients with and without hypogonadism. Even when any criterion of testosterone was used for diagnosis of hypogonadism, AMS (total and subscales), IIEF-5, or SDS scores of PADAM symptoms did not differ significantly between patients classified as having and not having hypogonadism. No other endocrinologic variables than testosterone differed significantly between them, either. PADAM symptoms are not related to testosterone level and it is still obscure whether ISSAM's criterion can be adopted for Japanese patients with PADAM. Other pathology needs to be addressed for evaluation and diagnosis of PADAM in Japan.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment with human chorionic gonadotropin for PADAM: a preliminary report.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) for patients with partial androgen deficiency of the aging male (PADAM). Twenty-one patients over 50 years of age with PADAM symptoms were included in this study. Laboratory and endocrinologic profiles were reviewed as appropriate, and PADAM symptoms were judged by means of several questionnaires such as the Aging Males' Symptoms (AMS) scale, short version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), and the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). Laboratory and endocrinologic values and symptom scores were evaluated and compared before and after treatment by hCG injection. The treatment period was 8.0 +/- 5.0 months (3.0-24.0 months). Serum concentrations of testosterone, including total testosterone, calculated free testosterone, and calculated bioavailable testosterone, increased significantly. AMS total scores and subscores decreased significantly after treatment. However, IIEF-5 and SDS scores did not improve. With respect to adverse effects, laboratory tests showed that only red blood cell count, hematocrit and hemoglobin level increased significantly after treatment, however, these values remained within the normal range. No adverse effect was identified after treatment. We conclude that hCG injection may be considered as a treatment for PADAM.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Specific sorbent of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins for plasmapheresis. Characterization and experimental use in hypercholesterolemic rabbits.

Dextran sulfate was covalently bound to cellulose beads (LA01) and used as the specific sorbent of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins. The binding profiles of very low density, low density, and high density lipoproteins to the material were consistent with simple Langmuir adsorption isotherms. Although the affinities of all lipoproteins for the sorbent were roughly similar, the surface area available for high density lipoprotein binding was much smaller than that for very low and low density lipoproteins (29, 927, and 1934 m2/liter of swollen beads, respectively). When human plasma was passed through a sorbent column, very low and low density lipoproteins were selectively adsorbed, while almost all the high density lipoproteins were recovered from the column together with the other major plasma components. An extracorporeal circulation system with this sorbent was used for the treatment of hypercholesterolemic rabbits (diet-induced and homozygous WHHL). With a 25 ml sorbent column, very low and low density lipoproteins were selectively removed from rabbit plasma, resulting in a reduction of plasma cholesterol concentration by 300 mg/dl.

Adsorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Histological examination on Achilles tendon lesions induced by quinolone antibacterial agents in juvenile rats.

We examined the effects of the quinolone antibacterial agents pefloxacin (PFLX) and ofloxacin (OFLX) on the Achilles tendon of Sprague-Dawley rats. A single oral administration of PFLX 300 and 900 mg/kg or OFLX 900 mg/kg induced edema with mononuclear cell infiltration mainly in the inner sheath of the inner Achilles tendon just proximal to the tuber calcanei in rats killed on the next day. Cell infiltration was also seen in the adjacent synovial membrane and joint space. With progression of severity, the lesions extended to the surface tendon tissue, wherein irregularly arranged collagen bundles were detached from each other and nuclei of fibroblasts were pyknotic and fragmented. After 2-wk repeated administration, these lesions were replaced by fibrotic foci with regenerated tendon fibroblasts, and the incidence and severity were reduced in the OFLX but not PFLX groups. Coadministration of cyclosporin A with OFLX 300 mg/kg induced these lesions despite the fact that neither induced lesions alone. The tendon lesions were induced in juvenile rats (4 wk of age) but not in young adults (12 wk). The articular cartilage of juvenile rats showed focal degeneration and/or cavitation in the tarsal joints after a single and 2-wk administration of PFLX or OFLX. Hydrocortisone slightly increased the incidence of OFLX-induced lesions in both the tendon and cartilage after a 2-wk administration. The occurrence of the tendon lesions is different from that of the Achilles tendon disorders reported in older humans, but they are thought to be a useful model for them.

4-Quinolones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bleomycin-induced arthritis and dermatitis in rats.

We investigated the effect of the antitumor drug bleomycin (BLM) on synovial membrane and periarticular deep dermis in 10-wk-old young adult rats. BLM was found to induce edema, mononuclear cell infiltration and necrosis of the synovial membrane in the knee and tarsal joint, and inflammation in the deep dermis of the plantar hindfoot and digital pulvini in these rats after subcutaneous administration of 20 mg/kg for 3 days. After a 4-wk recovery period, foci of degenerative collagen bundles were observed in the deep dermis of the plantar hindfoot in spite of complete recovery of the lesions in the other dermal and synovial membrane sites. The synovitis was determined to begin with vesiculation of the macrophage-type lining cells, followed by edema and cell infiltration, especially near ligament insertion sites in the knee joint. The early dermal lesion consisted of dissociation of endothelial and subendothelial cells in small blood vessels thought to be postcapillary venules, edema, and monocyte infiltration. The severity of arthritis was greater in young adults than juvenile rats. From these results, BLM was shown to have a toxic effect on synovial lining cells and to induce inflammation in the synovial membrane and periarticular dermis.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Two cases of fetal akinesia/hypokinesia sequence.

Two cases of fetal akinesia sequence are described. Both showed facial anomalies, arthrogryposis multiplex, bilateral camptodactyly, and pulmonary hypoplasia. One child had degeneration of large motor neurons of the thoracolumbosacral spinal cord and irregular atrophy of diaphragm; the other had left microphthalmia, hemiatrophy of the left temporal lobe with calcification of degenerated neurons, and hypoplasia of the cervothoracic spinal cord with decrease and degeneration of neurons. The iliopsoas and intercostal muscles showed focal myofiber atrophy. These findings suggested that some instances of this fetal akinesia syndrome might be due to neuromuscular dysfunction that occurred in utero and may have various causes.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental study on chemonucleolysis. With special reference to the change of intradiscal pressure.

The purpose of this study is to investigate mechanical change in the intervertebral disc after chemonucleolysis. Thirteen monkeys were used. After transperitoneal approach to the lumbar spine, 400 units of Discase was injected into each disc. The animals were killed 1 day; 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12 weeks; and 1 year after chymopapain injection. Compression load was applied to the segment composed of a disc and adjacent vertebral bodies. Intradiscal pressure was measured simultaneously. A linear relationship was noticed between compression load and intradiscal pressure. In chymopapain-injected discs, the pre-existing pressure decreased or disappeared, and the increase of pressure for a given load was lower than that of the control. Our biomechanical study suggested that the decrease of intradiscal pressure as a possible mechanism of symptom relief in chemonucleolysis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Application of a spray drying technique in the production of TRH-containing injectable sustained-release microparticles of biodegradable polymers.

Copoly (dl-lactic/glycolic acid) microparticles for sustained release of a water-soluble drug (Thyrotropin releasing hormone: TRH) were prepared by a spray drying method. A higher entrapment ratio was achieved with the spray drying method with the in-water drying method. In order to avoid agglomeration of the microparticles, a double-nozzle spray drying method was designed using mannitol as an anti-adherent. The surface of the spray-dried microparticles was coated with mannitol, and the extent of agglomeration was decreased. Acetonitrile was the most suitable solvent for microencapsulation using the double-nozzle spray drying method because the initial burst of TRH from the microparticles during the first day was the smallest. When PLGA with a weight-average molecular weight of 14,000 was used, constant release of TRH continued for one month with a small initial burst. In conclusion, the production of biodegradable microparticles by the double-nozzle spray drying method appears to be an attractive alternative to conventional microencapsulation methods.

Biodegradation, Environmental↗