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Biomedical subjects

S Suzuki

Publications and source records attributed to S Suzuki.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Fetal circulatory responses to maternal blood loss.

We examined the fetal circulatory responses to maternal blood loss in pregnant women during the third trimester. Seven healthy women with placenta previa and singleton pregnancies underwent phlebotomies in an autologous donation program. Four hundred milliliters of blood was collected within 15 min at 34 and 35 weeks of gestation. Continuous electric recordings of fetal heart rate were performed during the first blood collection, and the maternal uterine artery (UtA), umbilical artery (UmA) and fetal middle cerebral artery (MCA) Doppler velocity waveforms were recorded before, immediately after and 24 h after the second collection in each patient. The average fetal heart rate, maternal UtA and UmA pulsatility indices did not change measurably during or after maternal blood collections. However, the average fetal MCA pulsatility index decreased significantly 24 h after maternal blood loss. The observation of a decrease in fetal MCA pulsatility index may indicate delayed fetal asphyxia following mild maternal hemorrhage.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Relation between serum uric acid and plasma adenosine levels in women with preeclampsia.

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between plasma adenosine and serum uric acid levels in women with preeclampsia. Maternal arterial blood sampling was performed to measure serum uric acid and plasma adenosine levels in 20 pregnant women complicated by preeclampsia and 22 normal pregnant women at 33-38 weeks of gestation. The average plasma adenosine levels were 0.31 +/- 0.12 micromol/l in the normal pregnant group and 0.45 +/- 0.11 micromol/l in the preeclampsia group. The mean serum uric acid level in women with preeclampsia was 5.9 +/- 0.60 mg/dl, significantly higher than in the normal pregnant women (4.4 +/- 0.69 mg/dl). Positive correlations were found between serum uric acid and plasma adenosine levels in both the group with (r(2) = 0.38, p < 0.05) and the group without (r(2) = 0.54, p < 0.05) preeclampsia. There was also a significant correlation between serum uric acid and plasma adenosine levels on the whole (r(2) = 0.59, p < 0.05). Our results suggest that increased adenosine is a contributing source of preeclamptic hyperuricemia.

Adenosine↗
PubMed2001

Correlation between grade III placenta and plasma antithrombin III activity in full term pregnancy.

We evaluated whether the presence of a grade III placenta correlates with blood hypercoagulability in pregnancy between 37 and 39 weeks of gestation. The placenta was graded by ultrasound in 155 healthy full-term women and the plasma levels of antithrombin III (AT III) activity, thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) and D-dimer were correlated with each placental grade. AT III activity levels tended to decrease with advancing placental grade from I to III (p < 0.05). D-dimer showed the same tendency while TAT did not. The incidence of reduced AT III activity levels (<70%) in women with a grade III placenta was about twice those in women with a grade II or I placenta, and that of AT III <80% was 3-fold greater. We concluded that the presence of a grade III placenta in full-term pregnancies correlates with blood hypercoagulability.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Relation between plasma endothelin 1 levels and T helper 1: T helper 2 cell immunity in women with preeclampsia.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between plasma endothelin 1 (ET-1) levels and T helper (Th)-1:Th2 cell immunity in women with preeclampsia. The percentage of Th1 and Th2 cells and the Th1:Th2 cell ratios in peripheral blood from 11 normal pregnant women and 11 patients with preeclampsia at 29-34 weeks of gestation were calculated using flow cytometry. The plasma ET-1 level was also determined using a modified radioimmunoassay. The plasma ET-1 concentrations and the Th1:Th2 cell ratios in normal pregnancies were significantly lower than those in patients with preeclampsia. Negative correlations were found between plasma ET-1 levels and Th2 cells in both the preeclamptic pregnancy groups and in the normal pregnant women. Our results indicate that elevated ET-1 levels are associated with a Th1:Th2 imbalance in preeclampsia.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Inhibition of K(+)-evoked release of rat striatal 5-hydroxytryptamine by an atypical antidepressant: trazodone.

Using microdialysis, extracellular concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were determined in the striatum of rats. In rats given trazodone, m-chlorophenylpiperazine dihydrochloride, or imipramine, the concentrations of 5-HT were unchanged. 5-HIAA in trazodone- or imipramine-treated rats, however, was respectively, decreased to 80 or 65% of preinjections levels. When the potassium concentration (K(+)) was increased up to 150 mmol/l in the perfusate, the concentrations of 5-HT increased to about ten times the basal levels in the rats given saline. In rats treated with trazodone, K(+)-evoked elevations of 5-HT were less than five times the basal level. Multiple trazodone administrations prolonged the duration of inhibition of 5-HT release. In rats treated with other drugs, the K(+)-evoked 5-HT release was not affected. These observations suggest that trazodone itself might reduce 5-HT neural transmission.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Incidence and significance of early aneurysmal rebleeding before neurosurgical or neurological management.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Rebleeding is a major cause of death and disability in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH); however, there has been no report focusing on rebleeding before hospitalization in neurosurgical or neurological institutions. The aim of this study was to clarify the incidence of prehospitalization rebleeding, its impact on the clinical course and prognosis in patients with aneurysmal SAH, and the possible factors inducing it. METHODS: In 273 patients who were admitted to our institution within 24 hours after the initial SAH bleeding and whose clinical course before admission could be fully evaluated, the patients' clinical conditions and CT findings on admission, operability, prognosis, and possible factors inducing rebleeding were comparatively evaluated between the patients with and without an episode of prehospitalization rebleeding. RESULTS: Of the 273 patients, 37 (13.6%) patients suffered from 39 episodes of rebleeding in the ambulance or at the referring hospital before admission to our hospital. The peak time of rebleeding was within 2 hours (77%), in which the incidence was statistically significant compared with that occurring 2 to 8 hours after the initial SAH bleeding (P<0.01). The group experiencing rebleeding showed more severe Hunt and Hess grades on admission, higher rates of intracerebral hematoma, of intraventricular hematoma, and of subdural hematoma on CT scan on admission, less operability, and poorer prognoses with statistically significant differences compared with the group that did not experience rebleeding. Systolic arterial pressure >160 mm Hg was a possible risk factor of rebleeding (odds ratio 3.1, 95% CI 1.5 to 6.8). CONCLUSIONS: Rebleeding during transfer and at the referring hospital is not rare. To improve overall outcome of aneurysmal SAH, the results obtained in this study should be made available to general practitioners and the doctors devoted to emergency medicine.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed2001

Enhanced expression of Iba1, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1, after transient focal cerebral ischemia in rat brain.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Iba1 is a novel calcium-binding protein and is specifically expressed in microglia in the brain. It has been suggested that Iba1 plays an important role in regulation of the function of microglia. In the present study we examined time-dependent Iba1 expression after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion and characterized microglial activation in various brain regions. METHODS: Rat middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced by the intraluminal filament technique. After 1.5 hours of transient ischemia, Iba1 expression was examined by immunohistochemical and immunoblot analyses. The microglial activation in association with ischemic severity was characterized by double immunostaining with other specific markers. RESULTS: In the peri-ischemic area, heavily Iba1 immunoreactive cells rapidly appeared at 3.5 hours after reperfusion. Immunoreactivity was further increased and peaked at 7 days. In the ischemic core, round Iba1-positive cells, which may be blood-borne monocytes, appeared from 24 hours and reached a peak at 4 to 7 days. Double immunostaining revealed that activated microglia in the peri-ischemic area upregulated Iba1 expression but were negative for the macrophage marker ED1. ED1-positive cells were clearly restricted to the ischemic core. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest the following: (1) Iba1 expression may be associated with microglial activation in ischemic brain, and Iba1 immunostaining can be useful to evaluate the pathophysiological roles of activated microglia in ischemic injury. (2) Expression of ED1 antigen is strictly restricted to severe ischemic damage, whereas activated microglia in the peri-ischemic area showed Iba1 upregulation without ED1. Therefore, microglia may exhibit difference of antigenicity in the severity of ischemic brain injury.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Overexpression of the Csk homologous kinase (Chk tyrosine kinase) induces multinucleation: a possible role for chromosome-associated Chk in chromosome dynamics.

The Csk family of non-receptor-type tyrosine kinases consists of Csk and the Csk homologous kinase Chk. Each enzyme suppresses the catalytic activity of Src family kinases by phosphorylating their C-terminal negative regulatory tyrosine residues. Ectopic and transient expression of Chk in COS-1 cells showed nuclear localization of Chk and growth inhibition. To further explore the role of Chk in cell growth, we overexpressed Chk in human immature myeloid KMT-2 cells. Chk overexpression brought about growth retardation and aberrant chromosome movement leading to multinucleation, and these events were accompanied by insufficient formation of mitotic spindles. In vitro kinase assays showed that Chk overexpression suppressed the tyrosine kinase activity of Lyn, a member of the Src family, immunoprecipitated from Triton X-100 lysates. Subcellular fractionation studies revealed that fractions of Chk and Lyn, resistant to Triton X-100 solubilization, are associated with mitotic chromosome scaffolds and spindles. Chk overexpression induced a decrease in autophosphorylation of Lyn and concomitant changes in levels of tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins associated with both fractions. These results indicate that Chk, Lyn and the tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins localize to mitotic chromosomes and spindles, suggesting that Chk-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation, presumably through Lyn, may be involved in chromosome dynamics.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

2-Arachidonoylglycerol and anandamide oppositely modulate norepinephrine release from the rat heart sympathetic nerves.

Anandamide (10(-7) and 10(-6) M) as well as a synthetic cannabinoid HU210 (10(-8) to 10(-6) M) suppressed the norepinephrine release evoked by perivascular nerve stimulation (PNS) of the rat heart Langendorff's preparation. The effects of HU210 and the lower dose of anandamide were completely blocked by the cannabinoid CB1-receptor antagonist AM251, while that of anandamide at 10(-6) M was partly mediated by arachidonate-derived metabolites. 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), at 10(-6) M in the presence of DFP and indomethacin, increased PNS-evoked norepinephrine release, which was completely blocked by AM251. The present results suggest that the two endocannabinoids may oppositely participate in the CB1-receptor-mediated modulation of sympathetic norepinephrine release.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Changes in hematological parameters of athletes after receiving daily dose of a mixture of 12 amino acids for one month during the middle- and long-distance running training.

Previous studies have shown that a mixture of amino acids, consisting of 9 essential amino acids and 3 non-essential amino acids was effective in facilitating muscle recovery from athletic activities. In this study, the objective was to determine whether this amino acid mixture improved the physical condition and associated blood parameters of athletes in training when administered for a prolonged period. Thirteen college middle- and long-distance runners were placed in a 6-month experiment and received the amino acid mixture at the dose of 2.2 g/day for one month, 4.4 g/day for one month, and 6.6 g/day for one month with washout periods between test periods. The physical condition was scored and blood samples were collected before and after each test period. When the subjects received 2.2 g of the amino acid mixture three times a day, the physical condition was significantly improved along with increases in red blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum albumin, and fasting glucose, and a decrease in creatine phophokinase (p<0.05), suggesting increased hematopoiesis and glycogenesis, and rapid alleviation of muscle inflammation by the amino acid mixture.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Massive subchorionic hematoma (Breus' mole) complicated by intrauterine growth retardation.

We present here a case of massive subchorionic hematoma complicated by intrauterine growth retardation and oligohydramnios diagnosed at 22 weeks' gestation. The patient was managed with the following medications: (1) tocolysis with ritodrine infusion, (2) 10%maltose infusion therapy (1500mL/day), (3) antibiotic infusion (cefotaxim sodium, 2 g/dayx7) and (4) kampo therapy with Sairei-to until delivery. At 33 weeks and 0 days' gestation, a female baby weighing 1,342 g was delivered without complication by caesarean section. During surgery, an escape of about 500~600 g of dark brown blood with no clots was noted from the subchorionic space of the placenta. Examination of the placenta showed a large fibrosis with well-defined margins on the fetal surface.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Staining pattern of the brush border and detection of cytoplasmic granules in the uriniferous tubules of female DBA/2Cr mouse kidney: comparison among various fixations and stains.

The proximal straight tubules of the female mouse kidney exhibit heavy periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining in their brush borders and numerous cytoplasmic granules. In the present study, the female DBA/2Cr mouse kidney was examined, using various fixatives (formalin, PFA, PLP, Zamboni's, Bouin, or Carnoy solution) and various staining methods (HE, PAS, alcian blue, periodic acid methenamine-silver (PAM), toluidine blue, azan, or Congo red). Under azan and PAM, the staining pattern of the brush border was similar to that of PAS, and few effects of the fixative were observed. Cytoplasmic granules were clearly detected with PAM as well as PAS. However, these granules were not detected with Carnoy solution. Furthermore, distribution of granules differed between PAS and PAM.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Effects of estrous cycle on the mouse kidney morphology.

Although mice kidney morphology shows various sexual dimorphisms, the effect of the estrous cycle has not previously been discussed. In this study, we investigated the effects of the estrous cycle on kidney morphology, including renin-positive areas, of female DBA/2 mice. No effects were confirmed in most of the histometrical parameters, however, the percentage of the renal corpuscles in which cuboidal epithelium covered under 50% of the parietal layer was significantly higher during estrus compared to that during anestrus.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Pulmonary atherosclerosis and pulmonary arterial pressure in cholesterol-fed New Zealand white rabbits.

The lung produces many vasoactive substances originating from its vascular endothelium and plays an important part in various pathose. The present study was carried out to clarify pulmonary atherosclerosis and pulmonary arterial pressure, and to elucidate a part of the pulmonary pathosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits. Atherosclerosis was induced by feeding the animals a cholesterol-rich diet. When the rabbits were fed the cholesterol-enriched diets for 15 weeks, the grade of the atherosclerosis was severer than in 8W-feeding rabbits. The lesions of 8W-feeding rabbits were mainly composed of foam cells and fibrous components, whereas in 15W-feeding rabbits, the aggregation of foam cells beneath the endothelium of the vessel was infiltrating the media and severe stenose of the lumen was observed. In the entire pulmonary arterial system, the severe obstructive vascular lesions were localized and not diffused. The pulmonary arterial pressures of the rabbits increased slightly with time and the mean pressures were 11.3+/-0.9 (control group), 11.8+/-1.0 (8W group) and 13.7+/-1.5 mmHg (15W group) respectively. A significant difference existed in the mean pressure between the control group and 15W-feeding group, but there were no significant differences in the systolic and diastolic pressures among the three groups. In conclusion, we could induce pulmonary atherosclerosis in rabbits by feeding them a hyper-cholesterol diet but not overt pulmonary hypertension.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Characterization of classical swine fever virus associated with defective interfering particles containing a cytopathogenic subgenomic RNA isolated from wild boar.

Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) strain WB82, isolated from a wild boar in 1982, induced a distinct cytopathic effect (CPE) in primary swine testicle cell culture and in most of the porcine cell lines. This strain of CSFV was found to be composed of two biotypes. cytopathogenic (cp) CSFV, as a minor population, and noncytopathogenic (noncp) CSFV, as a major population. The noncp CSFV (designated strain WB82/E+) was obtained by biological cloning, and it showed the exaltation of Newcastle disease virus phenomenon. In Northern blot analysis and RT-PCR assay, CSFV RNA with a subgenomic (sg) length was detected in addition to full-length viral RNA only in the cells in which a CPE had been revealed. These RNAs represent the genomes of typical defective interfering (DI) particles because of the strict dependence on a complementing helper virus and interference with replication of the helper virus. The sg RNA, which exhibits the genomes of the DI particles, lacked the nucleotides of the viral genomic region from Npro to NS2 (4764 bases). When extracted sg RNA was transfected to the cells infected with the WB82/E+ strain, a distinct CPE was observed. Interestingly, the CPE was observed in cells infected with other heterologous noncp CSFV ALD and GPE- strains by sg RNA transfection. The results suggested that these noncp CSFVs act as helper viruses for the replication of sg RNA (DI particles). It was also shown that the cytopathogenicity of strain WB82 is caused by apoptosis.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Video-assisted thoracoscopic sterilization for exacerbation of chronic empyema thoracis.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of video-assisted thoracoscopic sterilization to treat patients with exacerbation of chronic empyema thoracis. DESIGN: Case reports and literature review. SETTING: Academic department of surgery. PATIENTS: Two elderly, debilitated patients with worsening, chronic empyema thoracis as diagnosed by radiographs, CT, and thoracentesis. Both patients had a history of therapeutic pneumothorax for tuberculosis without bronchopleural fistulas. INTERVENTIONS: Video-assisted thoracoscopic sterilization of the thoracic cavity. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: There was no recurrence of empyema during a 6-year follow-up period for one patient and a 2.5-year follow-up period for the other patient. CONCLUSIONS: Video-assisted thoracoscopic sterilization is a minimally invasive useful treatment for elderly or debilitated patients with exacerbation of chronic empyema thoracis.

Aged↗