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Biomedical subjects

S Suita

Publications and source records attributed to S Suita.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Postoperative MRI evaluation of anorectal malformations with clinical correlation.

Sixteen postoperative patients with anorectal malformation were evaluated by MRI, and the results compared with the clinical assessment. Patients were classified into three groups--good (group 1, n = 10), fair (group 2, n = 3) and poor (group 3, n = 3)--on the basis of Kelly's clinical score of incontinence. The degree of development of the puborectalis and external sphincter muscles and the levator hammock was evaluated on MRI in comparison with patients without anorectal disease. The proportions of fair or poor development of the muscles were 37% in group 1,22% in group 2 and 67% in group 3. Although fair or poor development of the muscles was seen more frequently in group 3, there was no statistically significant difference between groups. However, poorly developed muscles were seen only in patients with fair or poor clinical scores. The difference in the anorectal angle measured on sagittal MRI images between patients in group 1 and groups 2 or 3 was significant. Our study indicates that MRI evaluation based solely on muscle development can be misleading, and measurement of the anorectal angle should be included in the MRI evaluation.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1993

Motility function of the esophagus before primary anastomosis in esophageal atresia.

Two patients with a long gap esophageal atresia without tracheoesophageal fistula underwent an esophageal manometric study before primary anastomosis and one of them underwent an identical study after operation. Before operation both patients showed peristaltic contraction in the proximal esophagus when swallowing which was always followed by a coordinated contraction of the distal esophagus the same as in that of the normal esophagus. These peristaltic contractions induced a reflex relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). After operation the manometric studies of the repaired esophagus demonstrated an abnormal esophageal motility, with simultaneous contractions occurring when swallowing in the proximal to the distal esophagus. In addition, the reflex relaxation of LES was incomplete. These data suggest that even if the intraluminal continuity is defective, the esophageal motility function is not disturbed in the proximal to distal esophagus in preoperative esophageal atresia, and that intraoperative mobilization and denervation may be suggested to be an important factor in esophageal dysmotility even when esophageal atresia is successfully repaired.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1993

The effect of N-myc amplification and expression on invasiveness of neuroblastoma cells.

Most neuroblastomas with N-myc amplification, a sign of extremely poor prognosis, are extensively invasive to surrounding tissues. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between N-myc amplification and invasiveness of neuroblastoma cells, using an in-vitro assay system. Five human neuroblastoma cell lines were used for this study. IMR-32, GOTO, and DZ, all of which had N-myc amplification, showed a highly invasive capacity. In contrast, SK-N-SH without N-myc amplification showed extremely low invasiveness. ST unexpectedly showed high invasiveness in spite of the lack of N-myc amplification. Treatment of GOTO with 10(-5) mol/L all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) for 72 hours markedly decreased both N-myc expression and invasiveness. Treatment of GOTO with 2 mmol/L dibutyryl cyclic AMP (dbcAMP) for 72 hours caused a slight decrease of N-myc expression and invasiveness. These results indicate that N-myc amplification and expression might be closely related to the invasiveness of human neuroblastoma cells.

Cell Movement↗
PubMed1993

Conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase during ischemia of the rat small intestine and the effect of trifluoperazine on the conversion.

The conversion from xanthine dehydrogenase (XD) to xanthine oxidase (XO) and the effect of trifluoperazine (TFP), a calmodulin inhibitor, on the conversion were examined during the normothermic ischemia of the rat small intestine. Rat jejunums were stored in lactated Ringer's solution (LR) at 37 degrees C for various hours after intravascular flushing with LR. The extents of the conversion from XD to XO (%XO) constituted 21.1% +/- 3.0%, 36.2% +/- 7.0%, 63.2% +/- 8.1%, and 88.2% +/- 8.6% after 0, 2, 4, and 6 hours of the preservation, respectively (control group). The preservation without the intravascular flushing showed significant increase in the %XO (99.5% +/- 6.0%) only after 6 hours compared with those in the control group (P < .05). When the intestines were stored in LR containing 50 mg/L of TFP at 37 degrees C, or stored in LR at 37 degrees C after the intraperitoneal pretreatment with 10 mg/kg of TFP 1 hour before laparotomy showed significant decrease in the extents of the conversion after 4 hours (P < .005) and 6 hours (P < .025) of the preservation, compared with those in the control group. When the dose of TFP for the pretreatment was increased to 50 mg/kg, the suppressive effect on the conversion was found even after 2 hours (P < .025) as well as after 4 hours (P < .005) and 6 hours (P < .025) of the preservation. These results suggest that TFP could be effective on reducing the XO-mediated postischemic reperfusion injury by means of inhibiting the conversion during ischemia of the rat small intestine.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver: report of three cases.

Undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma is a rare malignant tumor of the liver. It typically presents in late childhood and its prognosis is poor. We experienced three cases of such a tumor during the period of 1976-1989; two of these patients are still alive without disease. Each case was independently treated with a combination of surgery and pre- and/or postoperative chemotherapy, which was found to be effective. In one surviving patient, cyclophosphamide and vincristine were found to be effective, while in the other a combination of cisplatin, Adriamycin (ADM), vincristine and cyclophosphamide was observed to induce a rapid reduction in the size of the recurrent tumor. Thus, an adequate combination of surgery and chemotherapy may improve the prognosis of this tumor.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1992

Verapamil attenuates postischemic oxidative injury in the rat liver.

We assessed the effects of the calcium channel blocker verapamil on postischemic oxidative injury in the rat liver. In the untreated rats, the values of tissue lipid peroxidation products (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances) remained unchanged during 90 min of warm ischemia. However, the values increased significantly after the next 60 min of reperfusion compared with those in the sham-operated rats (P less than 0.01). Intravenous infusion of verapamil (5 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) significantly reduced the extent of lipid peroxidation during reperfusion compared with that in the untreated rats (P less than 0.02). The percentages of tissue water content and the serum lactate dehydrogenase activities after 60 min of reperfusion were significantly lower in the treated rats than in the untreated rats (P less than 0.02 and P less than 0.01, respectively). We also investigated the influence of verapamil on superoxide-generating activity determined by the superoxide-dependent cytochrome c reduction of peritoneal polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) harvested from normal, non-ischemic, and non-treated rats in vitro. This demonstrated that there was no apparent effect with the highest verapamil concentration level (8 microM) observed in the rat plasma during our experiment. These findings suggest that verapamil might reduce the postischemic oxidative injury in the rat liver by mechanisms perhaps not related to the suppression of rat PMNs superoxide-generating activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Establishment and characterization of a cell line of congenital primitive neuroectodermal tumor of soft tissue.

A new human cell line, termed Muraoka, has been established from the recurrent tumor of a case of congenital primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) arising at the temporofacial region of a male infant. The microscopic findings of this cell line were epithelioid, and the xenografted tumor in a nude mouse consisted of the malignant epithelioid cells. Immunohistochemically, the cells were positive for neuron-specific enolase, S-100 protein, carcinoembryonic antigen, cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, and glial fibrillary acidic protein. These findings were quite similar to those of the epithelioid cells in the original tumor and of the xenografted tumor cells. Neither chromosomal abnormalities nor N-myc amplification were observed. Morphological differentiation after treatment with N6-2'-O-dibutyryladenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (Bt2-cAMP), all-trans-retinoic acid (RA), prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) showed two different results. Bt2-cAMP and PGE1 induced neuronal differentiation with the extension of neurites, whereas RA and BrdU predominantly induced Schwannian differentiation (flat cells). In these respects, the cell line Muraoka seems to be useful for studying characteristics of PNET as well as for developing the new treatments against such tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Fate of infants with neonatal hepatitis: pediatric surgeons' dilemma.

Thirty-five cases of neonatal hepatitis (20 males and 15 females) were reviewed, 3 of whom were lost during the follow-up, leaving 32 patients for review. There were 10 late deaths and 22 patients survived, 18 of whom with a normal bilirubin level and 4 with a bilirubin level of greater than 1.0 mg/dL. In the 18, jaundice disappeared between the ages of 4 and 7 months. The current lifestyles of the patients include 4 adults aged 19 to 21 who are either working or at university, while the other 18 children are all making good progress at school. Except for moderate growth retardation in 3 children, all are growing well. In all 10 patients who died, liver failure persisted until the time of death. Three died of other causes and 7 died of neonatal hepatitis itself between 4 months and 7 years of age. Four patients ran a fulminating course resulting in death between the ages of 4 and 12 months. All 7 had growth and developmental retardation. A histological examination showed that in those who died, there was significantly more periportal fibrosis, inflammation in the periportal area, and diffuse giant cell transformation. These results indicate that some infants with neonatal hepatitis have a poor prognosis and, therefore, the identification of such a condition requires a careful, long-term follow-up.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Right-sided diaphragmatic hernia following group B streptococcal pneumonia and sepsis.

A case of right-sided diaphragmatic hernia following group B streptococcal pneumonia and sepsis is reported herein. The clinical course was characteristic. The position of the right hemidiaphragm was initially normal. After an antecedent group B streptococcal infection, an abnormal shadow indicating either pneumonia or a pleural effusion on the chest x-ray was recognized and an elevation of the bowel and liver into the right hemithorax gradually appeared. Repair of the hernia was indicated and the postoperative result was excellent. The relationship between a delayed-onset diaphragmatic hernia and a group B streptococcal infection is still unknown. Increased intrathoracic pressure caused by mechanical ventilation coupled with an abnormal lung compliance due to inflammation may have resulted in the delayed herniation. Among various methods for diagnosis applied, chest x-ray and ultrasonography were noninvasive and useful.

Hernia, Diaphragmatic↗
PubMed1992

Manometric evaluation of gastrointestinal motility in a case of megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome (MMIHS).

We report on a manometric study of the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, jejunum and anorectum in a case of megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome (MMIHS). An esophageal examination showed normal esophageal contractions and a positive rectoanal reflex was obtained in an anorectal manometry. However, the continuous fasting manometric recording of the antrum, duodenum and jejunum lasting a total of 12 hours revealed a severe motility disturbance of the gastrointestinal tract. During the examination a band of low amplitude contractions was observed in the antrum only once and it was followed by small rhythmic contractions of the duodenum, but none of propagated or spontaneous contractions were seen in the jejunum.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1991

Different genomic and metabolic patterns between mass screening-positive and mass screening-negative later-presenting neuroblastomas.

The mass screening of neuroblastoma has been undertaken in Japan by measuring urinary vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) in all infants at the age of 6 months. This program may not only improve the prognosis but also provide important insights into the biology and evolution of human neuroblastoma. The authors studied and discuss the clinical significance of the N-myc oncogene, catecholamine metabolism, and other tumor markers in 43 patients with neuroblastoma who underwent the urinary screening test at 6 months of age. Thirty patients were found by the screening, and 13 were negative at the screening but later had a tumor. In the former group, the tumors were mostly in early stages (Stage I, 12; Stage II, 11; Stage III, seven), no amplification of N-myc was observed, and all patients are alive without disease. Although two patients whose urine at the screening showed elevated VMA and HVA levels and accidentally were not treated for 13 and 17 months, there was no change in the values of VMA and HVA during that time. However, in the latter group, the tumors were mostly in advanced stages (Stage I, one; Stage III, four; Stage IV, eight) and N-myc amplification was observed in seven of 13. Only two of these 13 are alive without disease. The age at diagnosis of the screening-negative group was 23 months compared with 8 months in the patients identified by screening, and the pattern of catecholamine metabolites in the screening-negative group tended to be dopaminergic with a low VMA-HVA ratio, especially in cases with N-myc amplification. These data suggest that the screening-positive patients with neuroblastoma may have favorable characteristics, and the biology of these tumors may be different from that of screening-negative later-presenting tumors. They also suggest that there may be at least two distinct subsets of neuroblastoma. For the early detection of the poor prognostic neuroblastomas, the measurement of urinary dopamine with VMA and HVA at later ages, such as 1 to 2 years, should be considered.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

Remnants of urachus in infants and children--the problems of diagnosis and treatment.

A total of 17 cases of remnants of urachus were examined between 1981 and 1989, including 2 cases of patent urachus, 5 of urachal cyst, 9 of urachal sinus, and 1 of urachal diverticulum. A long urachal sinus was considered to be caused by the self-destruction of a cyst. While patent urachus was diagnosed in neonates with urine discharge from the umbilicus, cysts or sinuses accompanied by infection were more often found in older children. Imaging of the burrows was diagnostic in 8 out of 11 cases, ultrasound examination in 9 out of 12, and CT examination in all of 3 cases. Since this condition is frequently accompanied by malformations of the urinary system, attention must be paid to locating the accompanying anomalies. Although primary extraction was performed in 13 cases, the primary treatment of cases with highly infected cysts should be drainage, followed by secondary extraction. Furthermore, caution must be exercised to avoid hemorrhage in cases with dilation of the umbilical artery.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Histological classification of nesidioblastosis: efficacy of immunohistochemical study of neuron-specific enolase.

Pancreatic specimens of six patients with nesidioblastosis were studied by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry in order to classify the changes of the endocrine pancreas and relate them to the clinical outcome. Neuron-specific enolase immunostaining was useful in demonstrating the distribution of whole pancreatic endocrine cells. The six cases with nesidioblastosis were classified into two types; four cases of focal type (head 1, body 1, tail 2), and two cases of diffuse type. The histological classification show a correlation to the clinical outcome. The patients with a focal body or tail type showed normal blood sugar levels immediately after operation. On the other hand the patients with both diffuse type and a focal head type needed medical treatment within a few months after operation. Therefore, these cases should be followed with great care postoperatively. A partial 80% to 90% pancreatectomy might be sufficient for each type except for the focal head type. When the intraoperative examination (both macroscopic and microscopic) is suggestive of focal head type, a pancreatectomy of 95% or more is called for.

Cell Count↗
PubMed1991

Carcinoma of the colon in children: a case report and review of 41 Japanese cases.

We report a case of sigmoid colon carcinoma in a 14-year-old girl. She had been suffering from several nonspecific abdominal symptoms for about 1 year before a definite diagnosis was made. While undergoing an operation, the main tumor was found to be unresectable. She died of Candida-induced septicemia on the 26th day after the operation. There have been 40 cases of colon carcinoma reported in the Japanese literature in patients 15 years of age or younger. We reviewed the 40 Japanese cases along with our case, and compared these to other children and adult studies. The prognosis is quite unfavorable in children because of the poor histological character and the delayed diagnosis. Serum carcinoembryonic antigen measurement might be one means for early diagnosis.

Adolescent↗