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Biomedical subjects

S Suita

Publications and source records attributed to S Suita.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Induction of the rectoanal reflex by electric stimulation. A diagnostic aid for Hirschsprung's disease.

We induced the rectoanal reflex electrically in three groups of children, following rectal dilatation with a balloon. In normal children, and in children with constipation or ileus due to causes other than Hirschsprung's disease, the rectoanal reflex was induced by electric stimulation as well as by dilatation of the rectum with a balloon. In children with Hirschsprung's disease, however, no typical reflex was obtained by either of these stimuli. Since electric stimulation does not dilate the rectum, passive dilatation of the anus or shift of the probe along with balloon expansion does not take place, so no false-positive reflex is elicited. Electric current, moreover, is capable of providing a constant quantifiable stimulus. We have demonstrated the induction of the rectoanal reflex by electric stimulation alone; distention of the circular muscle of the rectum does not appear necessary for the induction of this reflex.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1984

Zinc and copper requirements during parenteral nutrition in the newborn.

Zinc and copper requirements and metabolism in surgical neonates on parenteral nutrition were monitored. Without a supplementation of zinc, the plasma zinc level decreased in the second week and became severe with time. In full-term babies, for up to 4 weeks of parenteral nutrition, 40 micrograms/kg/d was adequate to maintain the plasma zinc level within a normal range. For extended periods of parenteral nutrition, the dose of zinc can be reduced without excess loss of this mineral. However, premature babies in the zinc-supplemented group showed a decreased zinc level in the fourth week of parenteral nutrition, indicating that 40 micrograms/kg/d of zinc supplementation was inadequate for premature surgical babies. Infants with enterostomy require increased amounts of zinc, even up to 300 micrograms/kg/d. Copper levels revealed little change, up to 4 weeks of this feeding. In the presence of increased fluid loss through gastrointestinal fistulas, deficiency of copper occurred and the copper requirements increased. Careful monitoring is necessary to ensure an adequate supply of these minerals to surgical neonates.

Copper↗
PubMed1983

Antenatal diagnosis of congenital anomalies.

Twelve neonates with surgical malformation diagnosed antenatally by ultrasound tomography (UST) with or without foetography were reported. Clinical diagnosis of these 12 cases were: Omphalocele 1, cervical teratoma 1, pyloric atresia 1, duodenal atresia 6, high jejunal atresia 2 and hydronephrosis 1. Three of these 12 deteriorated because of respiratory difficulty before the surgical intervention could be attempted. Operations were performed on the remaining 9 and 6 of them are surviving. The main causes of these postoperative deaths were respiratory complications and combined malformations. UST can detect numerous surgical malformations of the foetus. Antenatal diagnosis of the nature of a malformation may enable corrective surgery to be carried out with minor delay after birth, and good results can be obtained.

Congenital Abnormalities↗
PubMed1982

Follow-up studies of children treated with a long-term intravenous nutrition (IVN) during the neonatal period.

The outcome of the 28 children treated with intravenous nutrition (IVN) for more than 4 wk during the neonatal period was investigated. Ten of the 28 children had a normal length of small bowel (group 1) and the other 18 children had a short bowel (group 2). Eight of these 28 children (4 in group 1 and 4 in group 2) died during or after cessation of IVN; three died from complication of IVN and 5 died from their initial disease. On physical examination, delay in catch-up growth was observed in the early postoperative period, particularly in children in group 2, but this diminished with time. Mental and emotional development showed both groups to be within the normal range, except for two children. Intellectual function was also normal in five children over the age of 4 yr who were examined. Hepatic dysfunction was noticed during IVN in 30.0% in group 1 and 66.7% in group 2, indicating that the longer the duration of IVN, the higher the incidence of liver damage. Furthermore, histologic abnormalities in these neonates lasted for a longer time. These results imply that long-term IVN during the neonatal period in surgical patients does not interfere with physical and developmental growth. However, careful and long-term follow-up of liver function after IVN is necessary.

Child↗
PubMed1982

Teratoma of the neck in a newborn infant--a case report.

A case of teratoma of the neck in a newborn is presented. Teratoma of the neck is a rare lesion and is mostly found in the newborn, but in some cases in the fetus and stillborn infant. Although in this case prenatal diagnosis was possible via ultrasonography, the infant did not survive because of respiratory distress. Hence, urgent surgery is imperative in such cases.

Head and Neck Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

Teratoma of the neck in a newborn infant - a case report.

A case of teratoma of the neck in a newborn baby is presented. Teratoma of the neck is a rare lesion and almost always found in the newborn, but also in the fetus and stillborn infant. Although the mass was found prenatally by ultrasonography in the present case, the patient could not be saved because of respiratory distress. Urgent surgical management is the only way to save life in this kind of neonate.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Gradual occlusion of the portal branch with hepatic artery ligation for unresectable hepatic tumour in children.

For the surgical treatment of unresectable hepatic tumour in children we devised a method whereby the portal vein is gradually occluded. Using this new procedure, combined with ligation of the hepatic artery and intraarterial and systemic anticancer chemotherapy, there was a marked decrease in tumour size and hypertrophy of the contralateral lobe of the liver. For gradual occlusion of the portal vein we used the Ameroid constrictor, which consists of a casein derivative enclosed in a stainless steel jacket, and when applied the vessels will occlude within 7-10 days. The patients tolerated this procedure well; there was no occurrence of shock, the liver dysfunction was temporary and normal ranges were reverted to within 2-3 weeks after surgery. One patient treated in this way lived for 14 months after undergoing such surgery.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Postoperative sequential anorectal manometric study of children with Hirschsprung's disease.

When the rectum was distended artificially by a balloon, intraluminal pressure in the anal canal dropped in 30 normal children, but rose in 22 children with Hirschsprung's disease. This was independent of the length of aganglionosis. The average resting pressure in the anorectum in Hirschsprung's disease was higher than that of normal children. In patients who underwent coloproctectomy and Z-shaped anastomosis for Hirschsprung's disease, the rectosphincteric reflex was absent 1 mo after operation. Two months after surgery, however, the rectosphincteric reflex appeared in 77% of the patients. The patients who developed a rectosphincteric reflex had excellent continence, while some of those who did not show the reflex had incomplete continence or mild constipation.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1979

Preoperative chemotherapy for initially unresectable hepatoblastoma in children. Survival in two cases.

In two children with hepatoblastoma, response to chemotherapy permitted subsequent surgical resection. Initially, in both patients, the tumor was thought to be unresectable because of size and/or extent. Chemotherapy with vincristine sulfate and cyclophosphamide resulted in substantial reduction in tumor size, and laparotomy for excision was performed after nine months and four months of therapy, respectively. In case 1, the tumor was localized in the right hepatic lobe and the right hepatic lobectomy was performed. In case 2, the tumor was located in both right and left lobes, but was encapsulated and it was possible to enucleate the tumor with complete gross excision. Both children are living and well without evidence of recurrence of tumor 11 and 23 months after operation.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1979

Congenital pyloric atresia--a report of two cases.

Two cases of the membranous type of pyloric atresia are described and a review of 99 cases reported in the literature is presented. Excision and incision of diaphragm with pyloroplasty was performed on both cases. The first patient was alive following the second operation of gastroduodenostomy for postoperative stenosis. The second premature patient died of sepsis on the 58th postoperative day. The treatment should be surgical and the operative procedure should be chosen depending on the type of atresia. Excision or incision of the diaphragm with pyloroplasty and gastroduodenostomy are the procedures of choice. Gastrojejunostomy should be avoided because of its high mortality rate.

Duodenum↗
PubMed1978

Zinc deficiency during total parenteral nutrition in childhood.

Changes in plasma zinc levels were studied in 11 pediatric surgical patients treated with total parenteral nutrition. Plasma copper levels were also determined in some patients. In three patients plasma zinc fell to a very low level during long-term total parenteral nutrition, and a syndrome of zinc deficiency developed characterized by dermatitis, alpecia, and enterocolitis with striking response to intravenous zinc therapy. In contrast, plasma zinc levels in the patients with short-term total parenteral nutrition remained in the normal range during the present study. This suggests that one of the mechanisms of zinc deficiency during total parenteral nutrition is insufficient amount of zinc in the nutritional solutions for long-term use, especially for older children. Symptoms of the zinc deficiency also occurred in these patients during the anabolic phase, suggesting that tissue demand for zinc may be increased at that time. Therefore, zinc should be included, on a regular basis, in all parenteral nutritional solutions in amounts sufficient to meet estimated needs for growth and tissue repair.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Total parenteral nutrition using peripheral veins in surgical neonates.

A new program of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for surgical neonates has been described an investigated. The program is based on the use of fat emulsion as the major source of calories and infusion of large volumes of the solution via peripheral veins. This program has three main advantages over conventional hyperalimentation using a central venous catheter: (1) it avoids complications such as septicemia, thrombosis of large vessels, and metabolic complications such as hyperglycemia or osmotic diuresis; (2) it provides physiological nutritive elements containing a normal composition of glucose, protein, and fat; and (3) it is easy to start and manage the TPN using a peripheral vein. Thirty-four neonatal surgical patients with life-threatening gastrointestinal anomalies have been placed on this TPN program. Infusion of fat emulsion and large volumes of fluid were well tolerated and all patients gained weight during the period of observation.

Cholesterol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antenatally detected ovarian cysts--a therapeutic dilemma.

Twenty-four instances of ovarian cysts detected antenatally are reported. Most cysts were functional in origin, histologically benign simple cysts. Pregnancy was clinically uncomplicated in all, followed by a spontaneous vaginal delivery in 20 cases between the 33rd and 41st week, four neonates were delivered by a cesarean section for obstetrical reasons. Nine cysts more than 5 cm in diameter at birth were treated surgically. The operative indications were as follows; 5 neonates had clinical symptoms caused by abdominal distention or vomiting. The remaining four showed a sign of hemorrhage following torsion. Thirteen cysts less than 5 cm in diameter, and two cysts more than 5 cm in diameter began to regress spontaneously within 6 months after birth and finally 10 of them disappeared between 2 weeks and 2 years.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of a valine-rich diet on intestinal adaptation to massive small bowel resection in the rat.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Recently, valine, which is one of the branched chain amino acids, has been reported to enhance liver regeneration after hepatectomy in the rat. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of enteral valine supplementation on intestinal adaptation. MATERIALS/METHODS: Seven-week-old male Lewis rats underwent a 90% small bowel resection. The rats were randomly divided into two groups: group V (valine-rich diet) and group S (standard rat chow), according to the diet. The rats were sacrificed at the operation day and on postoperative days (POD) 7, 14, 30, and 60. The metrics were body weight (BW), blood amino acids, urine organic acids, and morphology of the residual small intestine. RESULTS: The BW and the intestinal wet weight, jejunal crypt depth, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells in group V at POD 7 were significantly higher than those values in group S, while those in group V at POD 30 and 60 were smaller than those in group S. The urine methylmalonic acid (MMA) level in group V at POD 30 and 60 was much higher than in group S. CONCLUSION: Valine enhanced intestinal adaptation after massive small bowel resection in the acute phase. However, the long-term supplementation disturbed intestinal adaptation, which might be due to the high production of MMA.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship between real-time monitoring of the graft motility and mucosal histology in swine intestinal transplantation.

We studied the correlation between the motility and the mucosal histology of the small bowel seeking to detect rejection in an early stage by real-time monitoring using a swine model. Intestinal transplantation (ITx) was performed orthotopically using FK506 immunosuppression. The distal about 20 cm segment of the allograft was exteriorized as a Thiry-Vella stoma for biopsies. Strain gauge (SG) force transducers were attached to the graft for real-time monitoring of graft motility. Pigs without ITx were used as controls (group 1). Rejection was classified into four groups by histologic findings: nonrejection (group 2), mild rejection (group 3), moderate rejection (group 4), and severe rejection (group 5). Migrating motor complex (MMC) phase III was analyzed for the following parameters: duration, amplitude, interval, motility index, velocity, and frequency of propagation. In group 2, all parameters were almost the same as those for group 1. In contrast, groups 4 and 5 showed most parameters significantly lower than those in group 1. In group 3, the contractility of the MMC was not significantly altered, but the frequency of the propagation was decreased significantly. In conclusion, graft motility detected by a real-time SG method correlated with the grade of mucosal histology. This method is useful to detect rejection at an early stage by examining the frequency of MMC propagation.

Animals↗