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Biomedical subjects

S Sugino

Publications and source records attributed to S Sugino.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Effects of hyperthermia combined with chemoembolization using degradable starch microspheres in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma].

Twenty-eight cases with non-resectable hepatocellular carcinoma were examined. Chemoembolization using degradable starch microspheres (DSM) was performed in 19 cases. DSM, 40-45 micron in diameter, which are degraded by serum amylase, temporarily obstruct arterial blood flow at capillary bed. Adriamycin mixed with DSM was injected into patients through the proper hepatic artery. Hyperthermia (8 MHz radiofrequency) combined with chemoembolization was performed in 9 cases. In all cases treated by hyperthermia combined with chemoembolization, the intratumoral temperature was measured by a thermocouple thermometer during heating alone and heating after injection of DSM. The therapeutic effect was evaluated by the change in tumor size measured by angiography or computed tomography. The efficacy of hyperthermia combined with chemoembolization was compared with that of chemoembolization alone. Intratumoral temperature was 1.0 degree C higher by heating after injection of DSM than by heating alone. Partial response (tumor regression of over 50%) was observed in 8 of 19 cases (42%) with chemoembolization alone. Partial response was observed in 6 of 9 cases (67%) with hyperthermia combined with chemoembolization. One-year survival rate was 58% in chemoembolization alone, against 83% in hyperthermia combined with chemoembolization. Our results suggest that hyperthermia combined with chemoembolization using DSM is effective in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Chemoembolization and regional hyperthermia with degradable starch microspheres in the treatment of malignant hepatic tumors].

Antitumor effects of chemoembolization with degradable starch microspheres (DSM) combined with regional hyperthermia (HT) were investigated in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic liver cancer. Chemoembolization with DSM was performed in 39 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and in 25 cases of metastatic liver cancer. Thirteen cases of HCC and 3 cases of metastatic liver cancer were treated with the combination of HT. A catheter was placed in the proper hepatic artery via the trans-femoral approach. Adriamycin or Mitomycin C mixed with DSM was injected every 2 or 3 weeks through the catheter. Thermotron RF-8, the heating device used in this study, is operated at 8 MHz radiofrequency. Hyperthermia treatment was applied twice a week. The therapeutic effect of this treatment was evaluated by the change in tumor size measured by angiography or computed tomography. Tumor regression over 50% was observed in 42% of the patients with HCC treated with chemoembolization alone and in 54% of those with chemoembolization and HT. In the patients with metastatic liver cancer, tumor regression over 50% was observed in 65% of the patients treated with chemoembolization alone and in 33% of those with chemoembolization and HT. One-year survival rate after the initial treatment in patients with HCC was 66% and 89% in the patients treated with chemoembolization alone and with chemoembolization and HT, respectively. One and two-year survival rates in the patients with metastatic liver cancer was 55% and 41% in the treatment with chemoembolization alone. These results suggest that chemoembolization using DSM was markedly effective in the patients with malignant hepatic tumors, particularly in metastatic liver cancer.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

[Chemoembolization with degradable starch microspheres in metastatic liver cancer].

Transcatheter chemoembolization using Degradable Starch Microspheres (DSM) was performed in 22 patients with metastatic liver cancer. DSM, 45 micron in diameter, which are degraded by serum amylase, temporarily obstruct arterial blood flow at the arteriolar capillary bed. Mitomycin C mixed with DSM was injected into the proper hepatic artery. The therapeutic effect of this chemoembolization was evaluated by the change in tumor size measured by angiography or computed tomography. Tumor regression of over 50% was observed in 15 of 22 cases (68%). Elevated serum CEA levels (greater than 10 ng/ml) decreased in 13 of 18 cases (72%). The overall one-year survival rate was 55%. The one-year survival rate was 83% in 8 patients with H2 type liver metastasis. Although half of the patients had transient pain within 2 hours, no major side effects such as bone marrow suppression or hepatotoxicity were observed. Our results suggest that chemoembolization using DSM is effective in the treatment of metastatic liver cancer.

Embolization, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1987

Vascular endothelial cell injury and platelet embolism in Duchenne muscular dystrophy at the preclinical stage.

Blood vessels in muscle biopsy specimens from 4 Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients (including 3 at the preclinical stage) were examined by electron microscopy and compared with those in non-diagnostic biopsy specimens from age-matched controls and cases of other childhood neuromuscular disorders. The most striking feature was the blister-like swelling of vascular endothelial cells in the biopsied muscle specimens from the 3 preclinical stage DMD patients, which was observed in 23-39% of the small blood vessels examined. Other noticeable features in the preclinical DMD patients were: (1) replication of the basement membrane, there being more than 3 layers in 30% of the capillaries; (2) many degenerating and regenerating capillaries; and (3) platelet adhesion and aggregation in small blood vessels including small arteries and veins. Morphometric analysis showed that the capillary and endothelial cell areas were much greater in the preclinical DMD patients than in the controls or the cases of the other neuromuscular disorders. These phenomena strongly suggest an as yet undetermined process in blood vessels in preclinical DMD.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1987

[Chemoembolization with degradable starch microspheres in malignant hepatic tumors].

A new method of chemoembolization with degradable starch microspheres (DSM) was used for patients with malignant hepatic tumors. DSM, 40-45 micron in diameter, which are degraded by serum amylase, temporarily obstruct arterial blood flow at the arteriolar capillary bed. Experimental studies have demonstrated that such occlusion enhances the regional uptake and reduces systemic exposure to simultaneously administered arterial anticancer drugs. Transcatheter chemoembolization with DSM was performed in 14 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma and 8 cases of metastatic liver cancer. Adriamycin or Mitomycin C mixed with DSM was injected into the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma or metastatic liver cancer, respectively, through the proper hepatic artery. The therapeutic effect of this chemoembolization was evaluated by the change in tumor size measured by angiography or computed tomography. In hepatocellular carcinoma, tumor regression of over 50% was observed in 5 of 14 patients. Elevated serum AFP level of more than 200 ng/ml was decreased in all 6 cases. In metastatic liver cancer, tumor regression of over 50% was observed in 4 of 8 cases. Although half of the patients had transient pain within 2 hours, no major side effects such as bone marrow suppression and hepatotoxicity were observed. Our results suggest that chemoembolization with DSM can be effectively used in the treatment of malignant hepatic tumors.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1986

Lipopolysaccharide-induced colitis in rabbits.

An experimental animal model of human ulcerative colitis using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was studied. Rabbits were skin-sensitized by LPS and challenged with intrarectal instillation of LPS after 1% formalin enema. The course of experimental colitis was followed by performing serial colonofiberscopic examinations and biopsy. Petechiae appeared from the 8th hour, and ulcers and bleeding on the 3rd day. Mild macroscopic changes continued for about 2 weeks. By repeating the LPS enema after the initial treatment, the colitis was maintained for over 1 month. Control groups without formalin enema revealed no macroscopic changes, and the groups with only formalin enema showed mild transient changes. The endotoxin level in the blood during the experiment increased (36 pg/ml) at 24 h after the treatment in the LPS-sensitized group, while non-sensitized control rabbits had higher levels of endotoxin. Though fibrinogen and PTT levels had increased at 24 and 72 h, these levels were marked in the control rabbits. The direct reaction of LPS was minimal, and local immune reaction by LPS seems to play an important role in the perpetuation of experimental colitis. Tissue fibrinolysis of the colon increased significantly as the mucosal damage appeared. This experimental colitis with LPS may be useful as a model of human ulcerative colitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Treatment of cancer ascites by intraperitoneal administration of a streptococcal preparation OK-432 with fresh human complement--role of complement-derived chemotactic factor to neutrophils.

The role of complement in the polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN)-mediated tumor cell destruction in cancer ascites was investigated in relation to a streptococcal preparation OK-432, a so-called biological response modifier. Incubation of OK-432 with fresh human serum at 37 degrees C for 60 min resulted in the generation of C3a and C5a chemotactic factors. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of the mixture to a patient with cancer ascites revealed an accumulation of PMNs in the ascitic fluid for a longer period with a rapid reduction of the ascitic fluid, than an intraperitoneal injection of OK-432 alone examined in the same patient. PMNs were found to invade clusters of the tumor cells and then form rosettes followed by the destruction of tumor cells. These findings induced by OK-432 continued over 10 days in the presence of fresh serum, while diminished within 3-4 days when OK-432 alone was injected. When fresh human plasma or fresh frozen plasma was used instead of serum and i.p. injected with OK-432 avoiding preincubation, the same cytological and clinical changes were observed in other patients. These data strongly indicate that OK-432 activates human complement either in vitro or in the peritoneal cavity, and induces PMNs to accumulate in the ascitic fluid. Although the mechanism of killing of tumor cells by PMNs is obscure, addition of human serum or plasma to i.p. use of OK-432 seems to be valuable for the management of patients with malignant ascites.

Ascites↗
PubMed1986

[Immunochemical approach to clinical cytology by demonstration of tumor markers using enzyme-labeled antibody technic].

Demonstration of tumor markers using the enzyme-labeled antibody technique was evaluated as an immunochemical approach to cytodiagnosis. AFP, CEA, CA 19-9, or CA 125 were stained in specimens of pleural effusion, ascites, cerebrospinal fluid, hepatopancreatic tumor, bone marrow and spuata. Malignant cells of the cases with elevated marker levels in the body fluid were mostly positively stained. And, interestingly enough, some of the malignant cases showed positively, while diagnosis by Papanicolaou's staining was not established for malignancy. It is suggested that immunochemical cytology by tumor marker staining would be useful for analyzing malignant cells and helpful in clinical cytology.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1986

[Assay of serum carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 in the diagnosis of gastric cancer].

The levels of the serum carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 were assayed in 284 cases including 77 patients with gastric cancer. The CA 19-9 levels were positive in 38% of gastric cancer cases, and they were significantly higher than those of benign gastric diseases. Extremely increased levels were found in advanced gastric cancer, but not in early gastric cancer. There was no significant correlation between CA 19-9 and CEA, and CA 19-9 seemed to be superior to CEA in specificity for gastric cancer, but inferior in sensitivity. Thus, the assay of CA 19-9 in combination with CEA could be helpful in the differentiation between benign and malignant gastric diseases.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1986

Immunomodulators and the complement system.

The possible role of immunomodulators in the host-defense mechanism against neoplasm is discussed from the standpoint of the complement system. Serum complement is activated by the majority of immunomodulators in vitro via either the classical or the alternative pathway, and this activation is sometimes observed following systemic administration of immunomodulators. Besides activating the complement, systemic administration of immunomodulators elevates serum complement levels, and in some cases binds complements to tumor cells. Activated serum complement by an immunomodulator induced an accumulation of PMNs in ascites with tumor cell destruction when intraperitoneally injected, indicating that complement-derived chemotactic factors C3a and C5a generated by an immunomodulator had an antitumor effect. This evidence strongly supports the concept that complement system plays an important role in the host-defense mechanism against neoplasm.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗