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Biomedical subjects

S Sufian

Publications and source records attributed to S Sufian.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1983

Urinary myelin figures in gentamicin. Treated vs. ischemic kidneys.

In view of the demonstrated occurrence of myelin figures in renal tubules and urine following gentamicin administration, we compared urinary excretion of myelin figures in dogs given nephrotoxic doses of gentamicin and in those undergoing clamping of renal arteries. Ten dogs weighing 15 to 20 kg were randomly divided into two experimental groups. Group I consisted of five dogs injected daily with 40 mg/kg body weight of gentamicin intramuscularly. Group II consisted of five dogs that were operated on and had their renal arteries clamped for one to two hours. Baseline studies, including body weight, serum creatinine, and analysis of urine sediment by light microscopy and electron microscopy, were obtained. Daily creatinines were obtained in both groups, and urine sediments were examined for epithelial cells and myelin figures at regular intervals and graded from 0 to 4+. The control serum creatinine levels were normal in all ten dogs, and no myelin figures were observed in the baseline examinations. In Group I, two out of five dogs developed frank renal impairment with creatine levels over 2 mg/dl and subsequently died. These two dogs had 1+ or more myelin figures in the urine sediment early in the treatment, and subsequently, a copious amount of myelin figures (4+) was excreted. The remaining dogs did not develop creatinine elevation greater than 2 mg/dl and showed only trace amounts of myelin figures. In Group II, two out of five dogs developed abnormal creatinine levels on the first postoperative day, but did not show myelin figures in their urine. Two other dogs with normal creatinine levels had trace myelin figures. The study shows that conspicuous urinary excretion of myelin figures occurs in gentamicin-induced renal failure in dogs, but myelin figures are absent or slight after renal vascular ischemia of 1 to 2 hours.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1981

Noninvasive vascular laboratory diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis.

One hundred and seventeen consecutive patients with suspected deep venous thrombosis (DVT) were studied for a total of 233 limbs in a period of two years. Doppler signals were assessed at the femoral, popliteal, and posterior tibial veins. The pulse volume recorder was used to determine segmental venous capacitance and maximum venous outflow. The mean age was 55.2 years and the male to female ratio was 1:1. Of the 113 legs without suggestion of DVT studies as controls, three were found to have DVT by laboratory criteria and resulted in three cases of bilateral DVT. One hundred and ten limbs that were clinically unsuspected and 79 (66%) that were suspected were negative by the laboratory method. Of these, 106 unsuspected limbs and 42 suspected (35%) did not require venography and were not treated. Thirty-seven suspected legs (31%) and four unsuspected were proven to be negative not only by the laboratory criteria, but also by venography. Eighteen (15%) clinically suspected limbs and two (2 per cent) unsuspected limbs were positive both by venography and laboratory criteria. Eighteen (15%) suspected limbs and one unsuspected were positive by laboratory criteria and were treated without venographic confirmation. There was one false-positive and four false-negatives for an overall error of 4.2 per cent. From the true accuracy rate of 92 per cent, sensitivity of 83 per cent, and specificity of 98 per cent, the author concludes that this is a useful method in the diagnosis of DVT. Most of the false-negatives occurred in patients with recurrent DVT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Central peripheral temperature gradient. Its value and limitations in the management of critically iii surgical patients.

Monitoring the central peripheral temperature gradient in critically ill surgical patients is a simple, sensitive, noninvasive and inexpensive method that can accurately reflect the state of peripheral circulation. It serves as an early warning sign, and its return to normal is a good measure of the efficacy o f therapy. Recognition of the cause of an abnormal gradient is essential to successful management since it can result from pain as well as hypovolemia. Warm-up patterns vary, and every patient should be treated individually. Forcing vasodilatation is usually unnecessary and amy be dangerous in hypothermic patients and in patients with hypovolemia if blood volume is not corrected simultaneously. Peripheral vascular disease, central hypothermia and the use of vasoactive drugs limit the usefulness of this method.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Catheter culture as a guide in the management of infection in the critically ill surgical patient.

Results of a bacteriologic study of 194 intravascular catheters inserted in 56 critically ill surgical patients showed that with strict adherence to aseptic insertion techniques and proper care, catheter contamination could be reduced to a minimum, and catheter-induced septicemia could be avoided. Our findings in septic patients showed that in the critically ill surgical patients, routine bacteriologic studies of intravascular catheters helped in anticipation and diagnosis of sepsis as well as selection of appropriate antiobiotic therapy.

Catheters, Indwelling↗
PubMed1979

Urinary myelin figures in gentamicin nephrotoxicity.

The nephrotoxicity of gentamicin is associated with formation of myelin figures within the proximal convoluted tubules of experimental animals and man. By electron microscopy, the authors studied urinary sediments of patients who were treated with gentamicin to detect the occurrence of myelin figures. All three patients who had renal impairment and were treated with gentamicin had numerous urinary myelin figures. By contrast, myelin figures were not observed in urinary sediments of four patients who had no renal impairment despite gentamicin therapy, or nine patients who had no renal impairment and did not receive gentamicin therapy. Occasional myelin figures were detected in a urinary sediment of one of eight patients who had renal impairment and no gentamicin therapy. When the urinary sediments of patients who had gentamicin nephrotoxicity were compared with those of patients with Fabry disease, morphologic differences between the myelin figures of the two groups were detected. The study demonstrates the presence of myelin figures in urines of patients with acute renal failure receiving gentamicin, and suggests that the finding of these myelin figures within urine samples may contribute to the diagnosis of gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1979

Indocyanine green clearance in critically ill patients.

Forty-two consecutive patients were observed with the use of various biochemical and physiologic parameters. Attention was focused upon liver function, using serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin determinations as well as the plasma disappearance rate of indocyanine green. No difference was noted in serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin levels between survivors and nonsurvivors. However, there was a significant difference between these two groups as measured by the plasma disappearance rate of indocyanine green. A distinct cut-off point was present, and no survivor ever had a plasma disappearance rate of less than 6 per cent per minute.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1978

The preventive effect of cimetidine on producing stress ulcer in rats.

Stress ulcers were formed by a standard method after fasting and restraining each rat in a performed conduit tube and placing them in a cold room head inverted at 4 degrees C for three hours. The severity of the ulcer was graded into four groups; Grade 0: no ulcer, Grade 1: 1-10 ulcers, Grade 2: 11-20 ulcers, Grade 3: more than 21 ulcers. The animals were divided into six groups: Group I: no stress, no treatment; Group II: stressed but not treatment; Group III: pretreated with saline and stressed; Group IV: pretreated with antacid and stressed; Group V: pretreated with Cimetidine and stressed; Group VI: stressed and then post-treated with Cimetidine. In group II 47 out of 49 (96 per cent) developed ulcers compared to no ulcers in group I. In group V, 13 out of 38 (34 per cent) and in group IV, 13 out of 20 (65 per cent) developed ulcers. In group V, not only the incidence was reduced markedly but also the severity of ulcer was significantly less. However, post-treatment with cimetidine was not as effective as pre-treatment. Cimetidine, therefore, seems to be very effective in preventing stress induced ulcers in rat when instilled in the stomach before the stress.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Evaluation of absorbable suture materials in biliary tract surgery.

A comparative study of absorbable suture materials in the presence of digestive fluids has been made. At day 7, plain and chromic catgut had lost 81% and 64% respectively of their initial tensile strengths in bile at a temperature of 37 degrees C, whereas Dexon and Vicryl preserved 82+ and 49% respectively of theirs. Plain and chromic catgut are completely dissolved in gastric juice within two days and had lost about 90% of their initial tensile strength in pancreatic juice on day 4. They produce significant tissue reaction. Dexon and Vicryl appear to be similar in their tissue reaction which is minimal. However, the former is stronger than the latter in the presence of bile. We believe the surgeon who undertakes any type of biliary tract surgery may wish to review his choice of absorbable suture material used in view of the information presented herein.

Absorption↗
PubMed1978

The effect of cimetidine on stress ulcers.

We used 135 male Wistar rats. Stress ulcers were formed with standard methods of restraints and cold. The severity of the ulcer was graded from 0--3 and determined for each group. Ulcers occurred in the glandular portion of the stomach. Pre- and post-treatment with cimetidine was compared with controls and pre-treatment with saline or antacid. Cimetidine was significantly more effective in preventing stress-induced ulcers in rats when instilled in the stomach before the stress than either antacid or saline.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Intestinal obstruction.

One hundred severty-one cases of mechanical intestinal obstruction were studied. One hundred fifteen had small bowel obstruction and fifty-six had large bowel obstruction. Adhesion (32.8 per cent), hernia (21.6 per cent), and neoplasm (18.1 per cent) were the cause of obstruction in more than 70 per cent of all cases. More than 40 per cent of patients were older than 60 years and the average age was 52.7. The numbers of males and females were approximately equal. There were twice as many whites as blacks, and the mortality rate was higher among blacks. The overall uncorrected mortality rate was 18.7 per cent. Operation was performed in 105 patients (61.4 per cent), with a postoperative mortality of 19 per cent and corrected postoperative mortality of 4.5 per cent. Contributing factors that were significant were high incidence of metastatic diseases, elderly patients, and delay in admission.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surgery of the thyroid gland.

Records of 92 patients operated on for thyroid diseases were reviewed. There were four histologic groups: adenoma-56 (61%), thyrotoxicosis-22 (24%), cancer-10 (11%) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis-4 (4%). Among the cold nodules, 9% were malignant. Routine frozen section examination revealed three cases of cancer and three other cases were missed but were discovered on permanent section examination. The type of operations were lobectomy with or without isthmusectomy, subtotal thyroidectomy and modified radical neck dissection. Postoperative complications included two thyroid crises, two recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries, one laryngeal obstruction and hypothyroidism, and one wound infection. There was no surgical mortality.

Adenoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Non-invasive laboratory diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis.

Both legs of 52 patients, in whom deep thrombosis was clinically suspected in one leg, were investigated. Out of the 52 legs used as a control, without suspected deep venous thrombosis, two were found to have deep venous thrombosis. Laboratory findings revealed that deep venous thrombosis was not present in 25% of the cases suspected. The patients in this group did not require venogram and were not treated. Nineteen suspected legs (36.5%) were proved negative not only by the laboratory method but also by venography.

Adult↗