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S Stojanov

Publications and source records attributed to S Stojanov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Clinical and epidemiological picture of B pertussis and B parapertussis infections after introduction of acellular pertussis vaccines.

AIMS: To investigate the clinical picture and frequency of Bordetella pertussis and B parapertussis infections after introduction of acellular pertussis (acP) vaccines in Germany. METHODS: Prospective surveillance for B pertussis and B parapertussis in 14 144 toddlers. Pertussis vaccination coverage was 86%, either with acP (75%) or whole cell pertussis (wcP) vaccine (11%). All children presenting with cough for more than seven days were examined for B pertussis and B parapertussis by culture, PCR, and serology (for cough duration > or =21 days). RESULTS: There were 180 Bordetella infections; 116 (64%) were caused by B pertussis and 64 (36%) by B parapertussis. Incidence rates were 4.8 and 2.8 per 1000 person-years, respectively. Paroxysmal cough, post-tussive whooping, and vomiting > or = 21 days was found in 53%, 22%, and 8% of all B pertussis cases and in 22%, 5%, and 0% of all B parapertussis cases, respectively. A total of 81/116 (70%) B pertussis cases and 56/64 (87.5%) B parapertussis cases had received at least one dose of pertussis vaccine. Typical pertussis with paroxysmal cough > or = 21 days was present in 29/35 (83%) unvaccinated B pertussis cases, in contrast to 33/81 (41%) vaccinated B pertussis cases. CONCLUSION: Following the increase of pertussis vaccination coverage, we observed a relative increase of B parapertussis cases in comparison to B pertussis cases. In vaccinated children B pertussis disease frequently presented as a mild disease, clinically difficult to distinguish from diseases associated with coughing caused by B parapertussis and other viral or bacterial infections.

Bordetella Infections↗
PubMed2001

Large scale safety study of a liquid hexavalent vaccine (D-T-acP-IPV-PRP--T-HBs) administered at 2, 4, 6 and 12-14 months of age.

A study was conducted to assess the safety of a new, liquid hexavalent vaccine (Hexavac, Aventis Pasteur MSD, Lyon, France) in a large population of 1783 children in Germany vaccinated at 2, 4, 6 and 12-14 months of age. Immediate reactions, local and systemic reactions, and serious adverse events (SAEs) were monitored. The frequencies of redness > or = 2 cm and swelling > or = 2 cm were 6.7 and 7.1% after all doses of the primary series combined and 13.4 and 12.0% following the booster dose, respectively. Transient swelling of the entire thigh was reported in seven infants after all doses of the primary series (0.1%) and in four children after the booster dose (0.2%). The most frequent systemic adverse events within 3 days after vaccination were irritability (19.3% after primary series and 13.2% after booster) and fever > or = 38.0 degrees C (15.4% after primary series and 28.5% after booster). Fever above 40.0 degrees C was reported in 0.1% of the infants post-primary series and in 0.9% of the children after the booster immunization. Only 3 of 144 SAE were considered to be vaccine related and were seen to resolve spontaneously and without sequelae. The liquid hexavalent vaccine was generally well tolerated when given to children as a primary immunization series at 2, 4 and 6 months and as a booster dose at 12-14 months.

Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine↗
PubMed2001

Safety and immunogenicity of Biken acellular pertussis vaccine in combination with diphtheria and tetanus toxoid as a fifth dose at four to six years of age. Munich Vaccine Study Group.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of Biken acellular pertussis vaccine in combination with diphtheria and tetanus toxoid (Biken DTaP) vaccine administered to children 4 to 6 years of age who had previously received four doses of Biken DTaP. METHODS: 580 children were enrolled to receive one dose of Biken DTaP. Local and systemic reactions were collected by parent diary for all subjects within 3 days after vaccination and in a subset for 14 days. All adverse events occurring within 30 days after vaccination were recorded. RESULTS: Any redness and swelling occurred in 59.8 and 61.4%, respectively. Redness or swelling larger than 5 cm/10 cm occurred in 31%/6.1% and 25%/6.5% of the children, respectively. Any pain was reported in 58.8%, but clinically significant pain occurred in 2.1% of the children. Fever >38.0 degrees C occurred in 3.8% of the children. Fussiness, drowsiness, anorexia and vomiting were experienced by 19.7, 15.5, 7.3 and 2.2%, respectively. Sixty-three of 247 adverse events (25%) occurring within 30 days after vaccination were assessed to possibly be vaccine-related. Fifty-eight of the 63 possibly related events (92%) were caused by local reactions as redness, swelling or itchiness. The remaining 5 events included hematoma, headache, stomachache and sleep disturbance. All local and systemic reactions and adverse events resolved without sequelae. Immunogenicity analysis showed a 4-fold antibody increase to pertussis toxin in 97% of subjects and to filamentous hemagglutinin in 82%. All subjects had postvaccination antibody titers of 0.1 IU/ml or greater against diphtheria and tetanus. Higher prevaccination antibody titers against diphtheria toxoid, pertussis toxin and filamentous hemagglutinin were associated with a higher frequency of large local reactions. CONCLUSION: In comparison with a fourth dose of Biken DTaP administered at 18 to 24 months of age in the same population, the rate of local reactions increased after the fifth dose, whereas systemic reactions remained similarly low or decreased.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2000

Immunogenicity and safety of a trivalent tetanus, low dose diphtheria, inactivated poliomyelitis booster compared with a standard tetanus, low dose diphtheria booster at six to nine years of age. Munich Vaccine Study Group.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the immunogenicity and safety of a trivalent tetanus-diphtheria (low toxoid content)-inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine, Td-IPV (Revaxis; Pasteur Merièux), with a tetanus-diphtheria (low toxoid content) vaccine, Td (Td-Impfstoff Mérieux; Pasteur Merièux), when administered as a booster to children age 6 to 9 years. METHODS: A group of 301 children were randomized and vaccinated with Td-IPV (n = 150) or Td (n = 151) in this open, controlled, multicenter trial. Serum specimens were obtained before and 28 days after vaccination. Safety was assessed for up to 28 days postvaccination by parental diary cards. Solicited local and systemic reactions were recorded for 7 days after vaccination. RESULTS: Seroprotection (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay titer, > or =0.10 IU/ml) against tetanus and diphtheria was induced by either Td-IPV or Td in all subjects. Tetanus and diphtheria geometric mean titer were higher after Td (34.0 and 5.74 IU/ml) than after Td-IPV (15.9 and 4.38 IU/ml). All subjects boosted with Td-IPV were seroprotected against each type of poliovirus (neutralizing antibody titer, > or =5/dilution). The most frequently reported solicited local and systemic symptoms were pain triggered by movement of the arm (54% vs. 39.1%) and headache (17.3% vs. 7.3%), after Td-IPV and Td, respectively. All other events were similar between the two groups. Reactions were generally mild and all were temporary. CONCLUSIONS: A booster dose of Td-IPV induced in all children seroprotection against tetanus, diphtheria and poliomyelitis. The overall safety profile of the two vaccines was acceptable.

Child↗
PubMed1997

[Pertussis vaccination with acellular vaccines. Tolerance--effectiveness--current vaccination recommendations].

Pertussis is one of the most common infectious diseases in children, affecting in particular nonimmunized babies and young children, but increasingly also adolescents and adults. Complications occur for the most part in infants and in addition to infectious complications may also even lead to death from apnea. Since 1991, general pertussis vaccination has been recommended again, but because of the relatively high rate of side effects associated with the whole-cell vaccines available, has remained at a low level. This led to the development of acellular pertussis vaccines with appreciably improved tolerability. A number of these acellular vaccines offer good protection, and are approved for immunization. Owing to their excellent tolerability and the resulting better acceptance, acellular pertussis vaccines can considerably improve the immunization rate. Only in this way will it be possible to reduce the incidence of one of the most common infectious diseases of childhood that is also associated with the highest rate of complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Efficacy of a two-component acellular pertussis vaccine in infants.

OBJECTIVE: This case-control study investigated the protective efficacy against pertussis of three doses of a two-component acellular pertussis vaccine (manufactured by Biken in Japan) combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (manufactured by Connaught Laboratories in the US) in infants. METHODS: A case-control study was performed in 63 pediatric practices in Germany. Prospective recruitment of 16,780 infants ages 6 to 17 weeks took place between February, 1993, and July, 1994. According to parental choice infants received either Biken acellular pertussis vaccine combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (DTacP) (74.6%) at approximately 2, 4 and 6 months of age, or a licensed German diphtheria-tetanus toxoids-whole cell pertussis vaccine (10.9%), diphtheria-tetanus toxoids vaccine (12.5%) or no vaccine (2.0%). Prospective surveillance of pertussis cases between February, 1993, and May, 1995, was accomplished by culturing all infants < or =2 years of age presenting with cough > or = 7 days. A pertussis case was defined as any cough of 21 days or longer plus a positive Bordetella pertussis culture or household contact exposure. RESULTS: We identified 241 pertussis cases prospectively by 11,017 B. pertussis cultures and 949 controls matched for age were selected from the same pediatric practices. Medical history and demographic and vaccine status data were collected from each case and for four controls. Data were analyzed through conditional logistic regression taking into account individual matching and adjusting for potential confounding variables. DTacP combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids vaccine was 82% protective (95% confidence interval, 68 to 90), diphtheria-tetanus toxoids-whole cell pertussis vaccine was 96% protective (95% confidence interval, 78 to 99). Protection against typical B. pertussis infection characterized by paroxysmal cough lasting > or =21 days was 96% (95% confidence interval, 87 to 99) for DTacP and was 97% (95% confidence interval, 79 to 100) for diphtheria-tetanus toxoids-whole cell pertussis vaccine. Adjustment for potentially confounding variables did not change the results significantly. CONCLUSIONS: Three doses of the two-component acellular pertussis vaccine protected infants against pertussis disease during the period before the recommended booster vaccination. For typical pertussis disease as defined by the WHO efficacy was high and similar to that of a licensed German diphtheria-tetanus toxoids-whole cell pertussis vaccine.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1984

[Ovulation induction with clomiphene and dexamethasone].

Combined clomiphene-dexamethasone-treatment was applied to 20 patients and 5 pregnancies were successfully induced. The women received 150-200 mg/die clomiphene from the fifth through the ninth days of their cycles, and 2 mg/die dexamethasone from the fifth to the fourteenth days of cycle. Three of the 5 pregnancies were closed successfully and two by caesarean section, one of them with twins. The combined clomiphene-dexamethasone-treatment is recommended as a sterility therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Fluorescence diagnosis of Trichomonas colpitis and its frequency].

The vaginal smear of 500 women was investigated by the fluorescence method and a vaginal trichomoniasis was found in 6.8 per cent of the cases. The fluorescence staining was successful. The incidence of the infection was higher, 9.1 per cent, at women with IUP, 9.1 per cent at probands with normal ovary cycle and 10.5 per cent during a pregnancy. The various causes are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Sperm DNA as a parameter of male infertility].

Andrological examination is essential to any sterile marriage. Percentually normal DNA levels were recorded from 61.2 per cent of 170 male probands and from 36.5 per cent of 59 fertile men. Fertility rates were found to drop by half, when spermatozoan density fell below 20 million/ml and relative DNA content below 80 per cent. A relationship between DNA level and oligozoospermia could not be statistically secured for the low number of probands.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Ambulatory hysterosalpingography in sterility control (author's transl)].

Modern X-ray diagnosis of hysterosalpingography and its use in sterility control of women are described in this paper. Pregnancy occurred in 19 of 154 cases (12.3 per cent). The pregnancy rate by selection was 22.1 per cent. The mechanism underlying the therapeutic action of the method is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Therapeutic application of clomiphen to women with functional sterility (author's transl)].

Clomiphen citrate doses of 50 mg or 100 mg per die were administered over five days to 150 infertile women with menstrual disorders. The conception rate eventually achieved was 38.7 per cent (58 cases). The most favourable results were obtained from patients with anovulatory oligomenorrhoea (53.9 per cent), secondary infertility (63.3 per cent), and those treated between one and three months (81.2 per cent).

Clomiphene↗
PubMed1979

[New aspiration technique in gynaecology (author's transl)].

Described in this paper is a vacuum pump for endometrial biopsy and hysterosalpingography in attention to sterility patients on an outpatient department basis. The pump provides several advantages over other equipment, though it is easily applicable and inexpensive.

Dilatation and Curettage↗