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Biomedical subjects

S Stefoni

Publications and source records attributed to S Stefoni.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Present status of hemoperfusion/hemodialysis in Italy.

The use of charcoal hemoperfusion in the treatment of chronic renal failure has been proposed and applied by several authors. The availability of coating membranes of increased biocompatibility currently allows a safer and wider use of this purifying technique. It has been recently demonstrated that long-term treatment with combined hemodialysis/hemoperfusion yields an improvement of certain dialysis-resistant uremic signs in patients on regular dialysis treatment, while in selected patients it affords a marked reduction (up to one-third) in the overall time of treatment per week. The tolerance of long-term treatment is good. In line with these findings, a multicenter study has been carried out in Italy with two main aims: (1) to see whether long-term treatment with charcoal hemoperfusion is really safe and substantially free from side effects; (2) to verify in a larger and more varied population of patients whether such long-term treatment actually improves certain uremic signs persisting despite adequate dialysis treatment. A third phase of the multicentric study (reducing the weekly time of treatment) is currently being worked on. Five nephrology and dialysis departments took part in the study: in Bologna, Rome, Chieti, Ancona, and Lecce.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1984

Long-term patient and renal prognosis in acute renal failure.

A long-term clinicomorphological study in 227 patients with acute renal failure due to intrinsic renal damage shows the clinical value of renal biopsy for assessing treatment and predicting prognosis. Early morphological diagnosis enables appropriate therapeutic measures, which play their part in patient survival and renal survival. Present long-term results show that 5 years after the acute episode, chronic renal failure may be expected to occur in about 50% of cases with acute renal failure due to glomerular and vascular injuries. Tubulointerstitial lesions are associated with definitely better long-term prognosis.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1984

Early dialysis.

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Humans↗
PubMed1983

Effects of renal substitutive programs on amino acid patterns in chronic uremia.

Abnormalities in the amino acid patterns are a constant finding in chronic renal failure and can be regarded as one of the typical biochemical alterations of uremia. This paper evaluates the long-term effects of various artificial substitutive treatments and renal transplantation on plasma and tissue amino acid patterns in chronically uremic patients. Fifty-three patients were included in the study: 35 on artificial treatments (9 on hemodialysis, 9 on hemofiltration, 4 on hemoperfusion, 6 on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, and 7 on intermittent peritoneal dialysis) and 18 with well-functioning renal transplants. Complete plasma aminograms were performed in all patients before starting the treatment, and repeated every 3 months up to 1 year (artificial therapies) and 3 years (renal transplantation). The amino acid composition of the bone was also determined in 8 dialysis patients and 9 transplant patients. None of the artificial therapies was associated with normal plasma patterns either in the short- or in the long-term, whereas successful renal transplantation led to normalization of the plasma profile within 2 to 4 months in all patients. However, bone amino acid composition remained altered both in artificially treated and in transplanted patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Use of combined hemodialysis/hemoperfusion in chronic uremia.

The capacity of charcoal to absorb endogenous and exogenous toxins is well established. It removes substances of higher molecular weight than standard dialysis membranes. The regular use of charcoal hemoperfusion as an adjunct to hemodialysis in chronic uremia is a real prospect capable of improving the patient's clinical and laboratory condition and/or reducing the weekly time of treatment. In line with our previous experience, 5 consenting informed patients on regular dialysis treatment from 9 to 35 months (residual creatinine clearance 0-1.8 ml/min, mean diuresis 350 ml) were treated without interruption for 5-8 months according to a schedule including two combined hemodialysis/hemoperfusion procedures instead of the previous three hemodialysis sessions. Patients were on adequate dialysis and their clinical, metabolic and laboratory conditions were stable. In the hemodialysis/hemoperfusion procedure a cartridge containing 150 g of methacrylate-coated activated charcoal with high biocompatibility was inserted in the dialysis circuit in series with a flat plate or hollow fiber dialyzer. Clinical, laboratory and metabolic conditions remained unchanged in all patients despite the one third reduction in dialysis hours per week. The tolerance of treatment was good: platelets, white cells and fibrinogen were unaffected. The marked reduction in weekly time of treatment led to a more satisfactory personal and social rehabilitation, enabling more patients to be treated with the same facilities.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1982

Multicentric experience with combined hemodialysis/hemoperfusion in chronic uremia.

A multicentric study was carried out to investigate the safety and effectiveness of long-term treatment of chronic uremic patients by a regular combination of hemodialysis and charcoal hemoperfusion. 39 RDT patients from five dialysis centers were treated for up to 12 months. The combined treatment proved to be safe, well tolerated and effective in improving certain dialysis-resistant uremic signs, mainly severe peripheral neuropathy, asthenia, anorexia, nausea, lack of well-being and relapsing pericarditis. There was also a marked decrease, after several weeks of combined treatment, in plasma values of urea, uric acid and creatinine.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Long-term treatment of chronic renal insufficiency with Ibopamine (SB 7505), a new orally active dopamine-related drug.

When administered orally Ibopamine, the diisobutyric ester of N-methyldopamine, has pharmacological properties similar to intravenous dopamine: in particular, both renal blood flow and the urinary excretion of sodium and water increase. The drug also enhances creatinine clearance, both in normal subjects and in patients with impaired renal function. Twenty-eight patients affected with chronic renal insufficiency were treated with oral Ibopamine (100 mg/day) for 4-56 weeks. They were divided into 2 groups according to whether the creatinine clearance was more or less than 15 ml/min: Group 1 contained 21 patients (mean clearance 29.09 ml/min) and Group 2 7 patients (mean clearance 8.42 ml/min). Ibopamine treatment was ineffective in Group 2, while in Group 1 patients there was a statistically significant increase in creatinine clearance (+23% after 3 months, +31% after 6 months). Drug tolerance was excellent from both clinical and laboratory points of view.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1981

[The kidney in shock. Changes of some hemodynamic and bio-humoral parameters. II].

In our experiments on 5 pigs of weight between 40-50 kg we've noticed changes of the parameters occurring precociously during the initial stage of the shock. Particularly we observed a sudden reduction of diuresis reaching total anuria in 15 min and persistence of this anuria for the entire time of the shock (120 min). Immediately after introduction of the removed blood the arterial pressure and the diuresis return to normal value. Concerning the blood flow in renal artery it was observed a gradual decreasing to 10-30 ml/min (normal value = 120-180 ml/min). After the restoration of the blood volume we did'nt notice a clean resumption of the flow although arterial pressure reached normal levels (flow value = 70% of the basal value). The hematic level of K+ undergoes a sudden increase that reaches. Maximal level compatible with animal's life. Within 45-60 min from the beginning of the shock and than decrease with restarting of the diuresis. Creatinine reaches 2 mg/ml in 60 min and remain constant during the following 120 min. The value of the plasma renin were precociously raised, reaching values particularly elevated after 90-120 min from the beginning of the shock and decreasing rapidly with the introduction of the removed blood (parallel behaviour of the arterial pressure).

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Ibopamine (SB 7505) in normal subjects and in chronic renal failure: a preliminary report.

1 Pharmacological and experimental studies have shown that ibopamine (SB 7505, di-isobutyric ester of N-methyldopamine) is capable of increasing renal blood flow, diuresis, urinary sodium, potassium and creatinine excretion. 2 SB 7505 was given to twelve volunteer patients, six of whom had normal renal function and six with various degrees of chronic renal impairment. 3 In both groups the drug yielded a prompt increase in urinary excretion of water, sodium and potassium, while creatinine clearance was also seen to increase. 4 Heart rate and arterial pressure were unaffected by SB 7505 in all patients. 5 Results seen encouraging and call for further study on the proper use of the drug in clinical nephrology.

Adult↗