Cochlear implant soft failures consensus development conference statement.
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Cochlear Implants↗
Biomedical subjects
S Staller
Publications and source records attributed to S Staller.
Multichannel auditory brainstem implant: US clinical trial results.
Since 1994, a US Food and Drug Administration clinical trial evaluated the multichannel auditory brainstem implant (ABI) on 92 subjects with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). The trial has shown that 85 per cent of patients receive auditory sensations. A small number of patients demonstrate a clinically significant degree of open-set sentence recognition in the sound-alone condition; however, when the ABI is combined with lip-reading cues, 93 per cent of patients demonstrate improved sentence understanding at three to six months. In addition, the majority of recipients report daily use of their devices, and satisfaction with the decision to receive the ABI.
Adolescent↗
The multichannel auditory brain stem implant: performance in twenty patients.
The auditory brain stem implant has been used effectively to provide hearing sensations to individuals deafened by bilateral auditory nerve tumors (neurofibromatosis type 2). During tumor removal, the auditory brain stem implant is implanted into the lateral recess of the fourth ventricle by a translabyrinthine approach and is intended to stimulate auditory neurons of the cochlear nucleus complex. A new eight-electrode multichannel auditory brain stem implant was developed and evaluated in 20 patients who had at least 3 months' experience with the device. Mild nonauditory sensations (primarily tingling in the head or torso) were encountered in some instances but could be managed by changing the stimulus characteristics or excluding electrodes. Testing of perceptual performance indicated significant benefit from the device for communication purposes, including sound-only sentence recognition scores in three patients ranging from 49% to 58% and ability to converse on the telephone. These results indicate that significant auditory benefit can be derived from direct multichannel electrical stimulation of the auditory portion of the human brain stem.
Acoustics↗
Speech perception abilities of adult and pediatric Nucleus implant recipients using the Spectral Peak (SPEAK) coding strategy.
A series of 73 postlinguistically deafened adults and 34 prelinguistically deafened children were evaluated with the Spectral Peak (SPEAK) coding strategy of the Nucleus 22-channel cochlear implant. The adults who received consecutive implants demonstrated rapid acquisition of open-set speech recognition skills in the initial postoperative period. Group mean sentence recognition improved to 53.5% (n = 52) after 2 weeks, 62.1% (n = 55) after 1 month, 69.8% (n = 57) after 3 months, and 74.4% (n = 42) after 6 months of use. At the 6-month evaluation interval, 43% of subjects scored greater than 90% on sound-alone sentence recognition in quiet and only one patient (2.4%) scored less than 10%. Mean monosyllabic word recognition was 35.6% after 6 months of use. The 34 prelinguistically deafened children were converted from the Multipeak strategy to Spectral Peak strategy at four large pediatric implant centers. After 6 months of using the new coding strategy, the children demonstrated significant improvements in their speech perception abilities.
Adult↗
The multichannel auditory brainstem implant: 6-month coinvestigator results.
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Brain Stem↗
Multichannel auditory brain stem implant: case studies comparing fitting strategies and results.
A new 8-electrode prosthesis has been developed for individuals deafened by bilateral auditory nerve tumors (neurofibromatosis-2). Twelve patients have received the multichannel auditory brain stem implant at House Ear Institute since 1992, 11 of whom receive useful auditory sensations. Processor fitting includes scaling and ranking of electrode-specific pitch sensations, and determination of any nonauditory sensations. Two representative patients differing in experience and number of usable electrodes are compared in terms of range of auditory sensations and speech perception performance. An inexperienced patient with two electrodes using a new speech-processing strategy (Speak) performed comparably to an experienced patient with six electrodes using an earlier feature-extraction processor.
Adult↗
Factors affecting auditory performance of postlinguistically deaf adults using cochlear implants.
A model of auditory performance and a model of ganglion cell survival in postlinguistically deafened adult cochlear implant users are suggested to describe the effects of aetiology, duration of deafness, age at implantation, age at onset of deafness, and duration of implant use. The models were compared with published data and a composite data set including 808 implant users. Qualitative agreement with the model of auditory performance was found. Duration of deafness had a strong negative effect on performance. Age at implantation had a slight negative effect on performance, increasing after age 60 years. Age at onset of deafness had little effect on performance up to age 60. Duration of implant use had a positive effect on performance. Aetiology had a relatively weak effect on performance.
Adolescent↗