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Biomedical subjects

S Spitzer

Publications and source records attributed to S Spitzer.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Attitudes about AIDS.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

Comparative investigation of the microcirculation in patients with hypertension and healthy adults.

A total of 51 patients with arterial hypertension, 29 of which have renal dysfunction, were examined with regard to patient history, clinically, laboratory analysis and capillary microscopy. Compared to healthy adult patients with hypertension demonstrated a significant increase in the number of capillaries per millimeter of epidermis, while at the same time showing a significantly decreased erythrocyte column diameter. This observation was more pronounced the greater the degree of retinal vascular alteration (fundus hypertonicus). The duration of reactive hyperemia in response to three minutes of ischemia with a spygmonometer cuff was considerably shortened in patients with hypertension. Here as well, an increasing degree of retinal vascular alteration correlated with a decrease in reactive hyperemia to the point of no response at all. The blood fluidity of patients with arterial hypertension was significantly limited. The plasma viscosity as well as the erythrocyte aggregation were significantly elevated. Patients suffering from additional kidney dysfunction had even higher viscosities. There also appeared to be a correlation to the degree of fundus hypertonicus in which the plasma viscosity increased in relation to an increasing degree of retinal vascular alteration.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Effect of nifedipine and theophylline in asthma.

The effect of nifedipine, 10 mg po q.i.d. for 2 weeks, was studied in a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial in nine patients with asthma receiving theophylline. Nifedipine did not significantly affect the mean (+/- SD) morning peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR; 336 +/- 130 L/min for drug vs. 349 +/- 92 L/min for placebo), evening PEFR (393 +/- 69 L/min for drug vs. 367 +/- 66 L/min for placebo), symptom score (27.4% +/- 22.9% for drug vs. 33.8% +/- 26.4% for placebo), or the number of albuterol inhalations per day (5.8 +/- 3.5 for drug vs. 6.2 +/- 4.1 for placebo). Furthermore, there was no change in PEFR 30, 60, or 120 minutes after nifedipine dosing. Nifedipine did not significantly affect the steady-state serum theophylline trough levels (9.1 +/- 2.2 mg/ml for drug vs. 10.2 +/- 1.9 micrograms/ml for placebo) or the theophylline pharmacokinetic parameters, such as the elimination t1/2, peak serum concentration, time to peak, and AUC(0-24). We conclude that nifedipine has little, if any, effect on the clinical status, PEFR, or theophylline serum levels in patients with asthma who receive theophylline.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Effect of oral colchicine on T cell subsets, monocytes and concanavalin A-induced suppressor cell function in asthmatic patients.

Asthmatic patients have a deficiency of concanavalin A-(Con A) induced suppressor cell function. We tested whether oral colchicine 0.5 mg twice daily for 7 days could correct this immunoregulatory abnormality. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were incubated with Con A and then suppression of proliferation was measured by coculture of these cells with healthy volunteers' mononuclear cells and phytohaemagglutinin. Sixteen asthmatic patients had significantly (P less than 0.002) decreased Con A-induced suppressor cell function (17.0 +/- 17.2%, mean +/- s.d.) as compared to 13 healthy volunteers (37.9 +/- 14.9%). Oral colchicine significantly (P less than 0.05) increased, though only partially corrected, these 16 asthmatic patients' Con A-induced suppressor cell function (28.1 +/- 14.3%). Asthmatic patients had an increased number of monocytes (691 +/- 289 vs 388 +/- 271/mm3 for normals, P less than 0.01) and a normal number of lymphocytes, Leu 4+ total T cells, Leu 3+ helper/inducer T cells, and Leu 2+ suppressor/cytotoxic T cells as well as a normal Leu 3/Leu 2 ratio. Oral colchicine significantly (P less than 0.005) decreased the number of monocytes (451 +/- 255/mm3) without significantly affecting the number of lymphocytes, Leu 4+, Leu 3+, or Leu 2+ T cells, or the Leu 3/Leu 2 ratio. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the deficiency of Con A-induced suppressor cell function in asthmatic patients may be due, in part, to an increased number and/or abnormal activity of monocytes. If so, then oral colchicine may have partially corrected the deficiency of Con A-induced suppressor cell function by decreasing the number and/or modulating the activity of monocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Bronchial adenoma: surgical experience with long-term follow-up (4-17 years).

Of 16 patients with bronchial adenoma who were operated on at Beilinson Medical Center from 1967 to 1980, only three presented the "triad" of cough, hemoptysis, and recurrent pulmonary infections. In two patients the tumor was diagnosed incidentally and in five patients histological evidence of adenoma was made during bronchoscopy. One patient died of myocardial infarction following reoperation for bleeding, and one patient was lost to follow-up. The remaining 14 patients were followed for 4 to 17 years without evidence of local recurrence or distant metastases. We conclude that the long-term prognosis of patients with bronchial adenoma is excellent, and limited surgical procedure should be the treatment of choice whenever possible.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

Echocardiographic evaluation of patients with systemic sarcoidosis.

Echocardiographic evaluation of 42 patients with sarcoidosis disclosed 13 patients (group A) with abnormalities compatible with sarcoid heart involvement such as thickening or thinning of the septum (eight patients), pericardial effusion (four patients), and increased end-diastolic dimension of the left ventricle with decreased systolic function (three patients). The remaining 29 patients (group B) were diagnosed as having normal echocardiograms. The clinical data revealed no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding age, sex, chest x-ray stage, activity, and previous heart disease. Group A patients had older clinical onset of the disease (52 vs 83 months; p less than 0.05) and higher incidence of ECG abnormalities than group B patients. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups regarding two-dimensional echocardiographic internal dimensions of both ventricular chambers. The radionuclear right ventricular ejection fraction was low in both groups and the left ventricular ejection fraction was depressed in group A patients (p less than 0.01). As observed in pathologic studies, the septum is a target structure which can be characterized echocardiographically. Screening suspected sarcoid heart disease involvement is important to characterize patients with a relatively high risk of clinical cardiac abnormalities such as complete atrioventricular block, ventricular arrhythmias, congestive heart failure, and sudden death.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The treatment of asthma in adults using sodium cromoglycate pressurized aerosol: a double-blind controlled trial.

Sodium cromoglycate formulated as a pressurized aerosol (2 mg 4-times daily) and placebo were compared in 31 adult asthmatic patients in a double-blind crossover trial lasting 12 weeks. Sodium cromoglycate was superior to placebo in improving breathlessness at rest (p less than 0.001), breathlessness on exertion (p less than 0.05) and the quality of sleep (p less than 0.001), and also in improving the morning peak expiratory flow rate value (p less than 0.05). Both the patients' (p less than 0.05) and the clinicians' (p less than 0.01) treatment opinions, and their treatment preferences (p less than 0.05), favoured sodium cromoglycate. Moreover, usage of bronchodilators (theophylline and aerosol beta-stimulants combined) declined significantly (p less than 0.001) during sodium cromoglycate treatment compared to placebo. No side-effects were reported. The results of this study show that sodium cromoglycate delivered by pressurized aerosol was significantly superior to placebo, not only in improving asthmatic symptoms, but also in reducing the amount of concomitant bronchodilator therapy required.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Unusual clinical presentation of acute sarcoidosis.

A 16-year-old male developed fever and productive cough of 2 months' duration. Extensive search for an infectious process was negative. After appearance of knee joint effusion, a transbronchial biopsy through a fiberoptic bronchoscope revealed histological findings consistent with sarcoidosis. The patient recovered after a course of prednisone therapy. The atypical presentation of this systemic disease caused considerable delay in diagnosis and initiation of treatment.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm: diagnosis by echocardiography.

Fluttering of the right side of the interventricular septum noted on M-mode echocardiography in association with a bulging of the right sinus of Valsalva detected by two-dimensional echocardiography were present in a patient. These two echocardiographic findings should alert the clinician to a diagnosis of a ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Immunological profile in sarcoidosis patients. The in vitro and in vivo effect of thymic humoral factor.

A study was made of the lymphocytes obtained from 25 patients suffering from sarcoidosis as proved by the Kveim-Siltzbach test and/or organ biopsy. The number of T lymphocytes was determined by the E rosette technique and functional activity by a local xenogeneic graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) as well as skin tests with PPD, SK-SD, Candida and Trichophyton. In most cases the absolute number of T cells was low and there was an evident impairment of their functional activity. There was also a clear correlation between the severity of impairment of cell-mediated immunity and the clinical stage and activity of the disease. In vitro incubation of the lymphocytes with thymic humoral factor resulted in recovery of the functional activity of the T lymphocytes of 4 of the 7 patients tested, with the previously negative GVHR becoming positive. One of these patients was treated with thymic humoral factor with a resulting restoration of the cell-mediated immune response although there was no evident clinical improvement.

Graft vs Host Reaction↗