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Biomedical subjects

S Sone

Publications and source records attributed to S Sone.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Synergism of synthetic acyltripeptide and its analogs with recombinant interferon gamma for activation of antitumor properties of human blood monocytes.

Human blood monocytes freshly isolated by centrifugal elutriation from healthy volunteers were not cytotoxic to allogeneic A375 melanoma cells, but they were activated to the tumoricidal state by incubation in vitro with FK-565, (heptanoyl-gamma-D-Glu-(L)-meso-alpha,epsilon-A2pm(L)-D-A laOH), which is a synthetic acyltripeptide closely resembling cell wall peptidoglycan peptides of Streptomyces in structure. Among 11 different derivatives of FK-565, 7 analogs were more potent activators of monocytes for tumor cell killing than FK-565. The maximal expression of tumoricidal monocytes was dependent on the concentration of FK-565 or its analogs added and the ratio of monocytes to target tumor cells. In a parallel experiment, a combination of a subthreshold concentration of FK-565 or its analogs (FR-42148 and FR-42149) and recombinant interferon gamma (rIFN-gamma) induced significant monocyte-mediated tumorcell killing, indicating that the effects of rIFN-gamma and acyltripeptide or its analogs in monocyte activation are synergistic. In contrast to rIFN-gamma, recombinant rIFN-alpha A and rIFN-beta had additive effects with acyltripeptide or its analogs in human monocyte activation. These results suggested that synthetic acyltripeptide and its analogs combined with rIFN-gamma could be of clinical value for in situ activation of the tumoricidal activity of human blood monocytes responsible for eradication of cancer metastases.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1988

The number and size of normal mediastinal lymph nodes: a postmortem study.

For the CT diagnosis of pathologically enlarged nodes, information concerning the size of normal nodes is required. We studied 40 adult cadavers and determined the number and size of normal lymph nodes for each region of the mediastinum, counting all nodes and directly measuring the short and long diameters of each in the transverse plane of the node. The location of each node was classified according to the American Thoracic Society system, and the range and standard maximum sizes of normal lymph nodes in each location were determined. Nodes were found in 90-100% of cadavers in regions 4, 7, and 10; and in 68-85% of cadavers in regions 2 and 6. The average number of lymph nodes found was 3.5-4.8 in regions 4, 6, and 10R; 2.1-2.9 in regions 2, 7, and 10L; and 0.1-1.2 in all other regions. The mean short transverse diameters ranged from 2.4 to 5.6 mm, and the mean long transverse diameters ranged from 3.9 to 10.0 mm. The largest mean short and long transverse diameters were found in region 7, the next largest were in region 10R, followed by regions 4, 5, and 10L. We noted a different maximum normal size of lymph nodes in each region of the mediastinum. The short transverse diameter, which showed a smaller variation, appeared to be a more useful parameter than the long transverse diameter. We propose a standard for maximum normal short transverse diameters for nodes in each region of the mediastinum as follows: 12 mm for nodes in region 7; 10 mm for nodes in regions 4 and 10R; and 8 mm for nodes in other regions. The maximum long transverse diameters showed a wider variation, ranging from 25 to 10 mm.

Female↗
PubMed1988

Ultrasonic evaluation of cervical metastatic lymphadenopathy.

We investigated the location, size, and shape of cervical lymph nodes in head and neck cancer, using a 7.5-MHz ultrasound scanner. First, the different criteria for normal size were obtained for cervical lymph nodes in each region; lymph nodes greater than 9 mm in thickness in the internal jugular chain or greater than 7 mm in thickness in the submandibular and submental chains should be suspected of harboring metastatic foci. Second, metastatic nodes showed a more rounded configuration than nonmetastatic ones. Third, a comparative study of metastatic lymph nodes between the in vivo and in vitro ultrasonograms and the corresponding histopathological findings disclosed that an echogenic region in an ultrasonogram of a metastatic node was caused by coagulation necrosis, and a cystic area of liquefaction necrosis.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1988

Molecular weight of tumor necrosis factor determined by gel permeation chromatography alone or in combination with low-angle laser light scattering.

The molecular weight of human recombinant tumor necrosis factor was determined at neutral pH by gel permeation chromatography alone or in combination with low-angle laser light scattering. Mean values of 39,200 +/- 800 and 48,800 +/- 900, respectively, were obtained by the two analyses. The results resolve the apparent discrepancy in the reported values of the molecular weight of this cytokine, confirming that it exists as a trimer in neutral solution with a molecular weight of about 50,000.

Chromatography, Gel↗
PubMed1988

Chylothorax and chylous ascites in a patient with uterine cancer.

A 63-year-old woman, who had undergone radical hysterectomy and radiation therapy for cervical cancer of the uterus three years previously, was found to have pleural effusion and ascites. A diagnosis of chylothorax and chylous ascites was made on the basis of these fluids' characteristics. She received medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) in her diet and intra-venous hyperalimentation to decrease the leakages of chyle into the pleural and peritoneal cavities, but she died of respiratory and renal failures after six months. At autopsy, metastases from the cervical cancer of the uterus to the lymph nodes in the mediastinum and around the abdominal aorta were proved histologically. Lymph node swelling due to metastasis had caused a rupture of the thoracic duct, leading to chylothorax and chylous ascites. The diagnosis, evaluation and therapeutic modalities of the condition are outlined and the literature reviewed.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1988

Schwannoma of the lesser omentum.

A case of solitary benign schwannoma of the omentum is detected by CT, ultrasonography and angiography, as a solid mass containing cystic regions.

Angiography↗
PubMed1987

Effects of human alveolar macrophages on the induction of lymphokine (IL 2)-activated killer cells.

Normal human alveolar macrophages (AM) significantly and reproducibly suppress induction of IL 2-activated killer (LAK) cell activity against allogeneic Burkitt's lymphoma (Daudi) cells. Incubation of purified peripheral blood lymphocytes for 4 days with autologous AM and 1 U/ml of IL 2 resulted in AM-mediated suppression of LAK activity, whereas peripheral blood monocytes isolated freshly by centrifugal elutriation from the same donor potentiated induction of LAK activity by IL 2. The suppression of LAK cell induction by human AM was dependent on the density of AM added to the lymphocyte cultures. Recombinant IFN-gamma did not affect AM-mediated suppression of LAK cell induction by IL 2. Both AM and monocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide markedly suppressed LAK cell induction by IL 2. AM-mediated down-regulation was seen only when AM were added immediately after the start of incubation of lymphocytes with IL 2; AM potentiated LAK activity when added 1 day later. Similar AM-mediated suppression of LAK cell induction was observed with four lines of allogeneic lung cancer cells as targets for LAK activity. These results indicate that AM may be important in regulation of in situ induction of LAK activity in the lung.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1987

Different and synergistic actions of human tumor necrosis factor and interferon-gamma in damage of liposome membranes.

The effects of human recombinant tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in damage of liposome membranes were examined to elucidate the molecular mechanism of their antiproliferative actions on tumor cells. The extent of membrane damage was assayed by measuring the rate of release of the fluorescent dye calcein encapsulated in the liposomes at different pH values in the presence of TNF and/or IFN-gamma. At pH values below about 5, TNF bound to phospholipid liposomes composed of mixtures of phosphatidyl-serine and phosphatidylcholine in molar ratios of 2:1 and 1:2 and caused rapid release of calcein. In contrast, IFN-gamma induced very slow leakage of dye although it bound almost completely to the membranes, suggesting that it causes much less membrane damage than TNF. Small amounts of these two antitumor factors bound to phosphatidylcholine liposomes in the pH range of 4-7, inducing relatively slow leakage of calcein. In the presence of both TNF and IFN-gamma at pH 5, the maximal leakage rate was twice the sum of the rates with the two proteins individually, and the rate depended on the TNF/IFN-gamma ratio, indicating synergistic effects of TNF and IFN-gamma in induction of membrane damage. These different and synergistic actions on liposome membranes may account for the different antitumor properties of the two antitumor cytokines and their synergism.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1987

Binding ability of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin to the synaptosome upon treatment of various kinds of the enzymes.

The binding ability of Cl. botulinum neurotoxin to synaptosomes upon treatment with various enzymes (neuraminidase, trypsin, and beta-bungarotoxin containing phospholipase A2 activity) was studied. When synaptosomes were treated with neuraminidase, their ability to bind toxin decreased; trypsin and beta-bungarotoxin had slightly week or no effect. The decrease in toxin-binding ability of synaptosomes was paralleled by a release of sialic acid from the synaptosomes by the neuraminidase treatment. The toxin-binding ability of synaptosomes treated with neuraminidase was lower than untreated ones at a high concentration of sodium chloride. The binding of the toxin to synaptosomes occurred at least at the two types of structural sites, one site which contained sialic acid, and other site which was sensitive to high ionic strength. It may be possible that another binding state except these is present at the synapse.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Mediastinal distortions from focal masses: a CT and radiographic study.

Fifty-seven mediastinal masses were studied by computed tomography (CT) and chest radiographs to determine how their specific site of origin affected their direction of expansion and the distortion of contiguous structures. Forty-four masses arose anterior to the heart and great vessels (precardiovascular compartment). When these masses arose on the right, they extended posteriorly only as far as the coronal plane of the trachea. Left-sided masses were not similarly limited in their posterior extension. Thirteen masses arose around the trachea and esophagus or in the subcarinal space (tracheoesophageal compartment). Masses in the upper part of this compartment caused tracheal and great-vessel displacement. The mobile superior vena cava (SVC) was more often distorted than was the aortic arch. Subcarinal masses always expanded to the right, displacing the right lower lobe. The heart and great arteries were more resistant to displacement and distortion than were the systemic veins. The trachea and mediastinal bronchi were intermediate in their displacement. The hila were effective barriers to the expansion of mediastinal masses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[A phase II study of vindesine for pretreated non-small cell lung cancer].

A phase II evaluation of vindesine (VDS) was performed in 16 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (ten patients with adenocarcinoma, six patients with squamous cell carcinoma, and one patient with large cell carcinoma). All except one of the patients had had prior chemotherapy. VDS at a dose of 3 mg/m2 was given intravenously every week for more than three weeks. Among 16 evaluable patients, two patients with pretreated adenocarcinoma of the lung showed partial response. The response rate for VDS was 12.5%. Toxic effects included leukopenia (94%), anemia (44%), thrombopenia (13%), alopecia (38%), peripheral neurotoxicity (38%), liver injury (19%), constipation (13%), anorexia (13%), nausea (13%), stomatitis (6%) and fever (6%).

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Human alveolar macrophages: wheat germ agglutinin-dependent tumor cell killing.

Human alveolar macrophages (AM) obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage from healthy donors were examined for ability to cause lectin-dependent tumor cell killing. Of five plant and two animal lectins tested, only one lectin, wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), induced significant and reproducible lectin-dependent macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity (LDMC) against human bladder cancer (T-24) cells. There was no significant difference between the LDMCs of AM and blood monocytes. All 6 tumor cell lines tested were sensitive to various extents to LDMC induced by WGA. Quantitative analysis with WGA-FITC conjugate showed the presence of various levels of receptors for WGA on the surface of AM, monocytes and tumors. A relatively good correlation was found between the sensitivities of the tumor cells to LDMC mediated by AM and the numbers of receptors for WGA. Pretreatment of AM or monocytes with LPS did not affect their LDMC. These results indicate that a plant lectin, WGA which binds to both human AM and tumor cells, renders human AM cytotoxic to allogeneic tumor cells by a different mechanism(s) from that involved in the nonspecific tumor cytotoxicity of activated macrophages.

Cytotoxicity, Immunologic↗