Biomedical subjects

S Skrede

Publications and source records attributed to S Skrede.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMed1976

The importance of perfusate content of free fatty acids for dog kidney preservation.

Forty-eight-hour preservation of dog kidneys utilizing continuous hypothermic perfusion was carried out in two groups of dogs. In the first group an albumin electrolyte solution with a high content of free fatty acids was used as perfusate. In the second group the perfusate contained the same components as the first solution except that the fatty acids had been removed from the albumin before use. After preservation, the kidneys were reimplanted, and contralateral nephrectomy was immediately performed. The renal function was measured by serial creatinine determinations. The postoperative renal function was significantly better in the group perfused with fatty-acid-rich perfusate. The results suggest that the level of free fatty acids in the perfusion solution is of importance for kidney preservation.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

Obstetrical analgesia assessed by free fatty acid mobilisation.

Two groups of six parturients each have been compared. One group received centrally acting analgesics, sedatives and intermittent nitrous oxide and the other group was given epidural anaesthesia. The serum free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations of the parturients in the former group increased steadily during labour, attaining peak values between 1050 and 1750 mumol/l at delivery. In parturients belonging to the epidural group, the serum FFA concentrations remained level or even fell towards the time of delivery. It is suggested that the increase in serum FFA reflects a stress induced adrenergic lipolysis which may be used to assiss the various methods for obstetrical analgesia. It is concluded that epidural anaesthesia is superior to the conventional methods of pain relief. Analyses of blood sampled from the unbilical veins show that the concentrations of FFA in the blood of the newborns do not reflect the corresponding maternal values. Thus, epidural anaesthesia does not seem to deprive the fetus of FFA during labour since the factor limiting its transfer appears to be independent of the concentration gradient over the placental membrane.

Adult↗

PubMed1975

Needle-like crystals in plasma cells in a patient with a plasma cell proliferative disorder.

A patient with a plasma cell proliferative disorder and a monoclonal IgG-kappa protein in the serum was observed over a period of four years. Two unusual features were seen in this patient: (1) An apparently benign course in spite of relatively large and slowly increasing amounts of Bence Jones protein (monoclonal kappa light chains) in the urine, and (2) crystalline structures located outside the cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum in a large number of bone marrow plasma cells. The crystals, which ultrastructurally appeared to be composed of protein material, were not stained by immunofluorescent antisera to immunoglobulins. They were, however, observed only in cells staining for gamma heavy and kappa light chains. This suggest an association between the crystalline structures and the synthesis of monoclonal immunoglobulin proteins.

Bence Jones Protein↗

PubMed1975

Congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia with features of both type I and TYPE II.

A 13 year old girl with the typical clinical and haematological picture of congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia (CDA) is reported. The bone marrow is highly cellular with 70 per cent erythroid cells, and 28% bi- and multinuclear cells among the orthochromatic and polychromatic erythroblasts. Moderate megaloblastoid changes are present. On light microscopy the findings are in agreement with those described in CDA type II. On electron microscopy both the cytoplasmatic changes described as typical of CDA type II, and the nuclear changes found in type I can be demonstrated. The acidified serum test (Ham test) is negative with normal sera. The patient's red blood cells show increased agglutinability with anti-I and and anti-I antibodies, but no haemolysis. Total serum lipids are about 50% of the normal average. All lipoprotein classes are lowered to about the same extent. The total phospholipid content of the erythrocytes is slightly reduced, with a moderate, relative increase of the lecithin fraction and a decrease of the sphingomyelin fraction. Doubts can be raised about the tenability of the current classification of CDA based on morphological and serological criteria, especially about the distinction between types I and II.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1975

Diagnosis of liver diseases by laboratory results and discriminant analysis. Identification of best combinations of laboratory tests.

Patients with different liver diseases were studied by discriminant analysis. Groups of patients classified mainly on the basis of liver biopsy findings showed functional differences which permitted a consistent reclassification by discriminant functions using laboratory results. Optimal combinations of laboratory tests for the separation of liver diseases were defined. Different combinations were found, dependent on the subsets of liver diseases studied.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1975

Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (cholestanolosis). Investigations on two sisters and their family.

Two sisters, aged 38 and 32, suffering from cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis are described. The most important clinical findings were xanthomas, central nervous affection with motor and mental dysfunction, EEG changes and juvenile cataract. The diagnosis was established by the demonstration of increased amounts of cholestanol in serum. Both sisters had amenorrhea, and their excretion of dehydroepiandrosterone in the urine was increased. In the elder sister, the levels of urinary 17-keto steroids, androsterone and estradiol were also increased. Other unusual features of the disease in the elder sister were hyper-prebeta-lipoproteinemia and serum cholesterol in the higher normal range.

Adult↗

PubMed1975

Hyperlipidemia in peripheral atherosclerotic arterial disease.

One hundred and ten patients with radiologically established peripheral atherosclerotic arterial disease were studied. None of them suffered from diabetes, endocrine disorders or renal disease. Their serum cholesterol and triglyceride values were compared with those of a reference group consisting of 548 individuals. When the 95th percentile of the reference values was used for cut-off, the frequency of hyperlipidemias in the patients with peripheral arterial atherosclerosis was about 52%. Combined hyperlipidemia was slightly more common (21%) than isolated increase of either cholesterol (17.9%) or triglycerides (12.6%). Using other cut-off limits for the definition of hyperlipidemia, a striking change in the distribution between these three types of hyperlipidemia occurred. In our patients, the frequencies of different blood groups were not significantly different from those of a comparable population. The serum lipids were at the same level in the different blood groups.

ABO Blood-Group System↗

PubMed1975

The esterification of cholesterol in plasma after acute myocardial infarction.

The rate of plasma cholesterol esterification (LCAT activity) and the concentration of eight proteins in the plasma have been studied in the ten male patients during the course of acute myocardial infarction. Samples were drawn 22 hr, 3 days, 8 days, 2 weeks, and 7 weeks after the onset of the acute myocardial infarction. The changes of the plasma proteins were typical for the acute-phase reaction. LCAT activity decreased initially during the illness. The lowest values were found after 8 days. Concomitantly, a reducation in the plasma concentration of total and free cholesterol and cholesteryl esters was demonstrated. The rate of cholesterol esterification correlated significantly with the concentration of prealbumin, alpha-lipoprotein, and albumin. Seven weeks after onset of the infarction, the LCAT values were equal to those in a reference group. The results suggest that the synthesis of LCAT was decreased during the acute-phase reaction.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1975

Effect of treatment with a bile-sequestering agent (Secholex) on intestinal absorption, duodenal bile acids, and plasma lipids.

Four female and five male patients (mean age 26 years) with hyperlipoproteinaemia type II A were treated with an anion exchange gel (Secholex) 9 g/day for 3 months and 15 g/day for 9 months. After these 12 months clofibrate 1.5 g/day was added to the therapy in 6 patients, whereas 2 patients continued with the resin alone for another 6 months, and one was withdrawn from the trial because of pregnancy. During the first year plasma cholesterol decreased averagely 18% from a mean pretreatment value of 461 mg/100 ml. Dosis of 9 g/day seemed to be as efficient as 15 g/day. When clofibrate was added, a further decrease of plasma cholesterol by 6% was observed, and the levels of triglycerides were reduced. Significantly increased concentrations of bile acids and a rise in the glycine/taurine ratio in duodenal aspirate were caused by the resin. On combined treatment the concentration of bile acids decreased to the pretreatment values, whereas the glycine/taurine ratio remained unchanged. During the trial slight transient changes in serum folic acid, fasting insulin, calcium, alkaline phosphatases, and vitamin B 12-absorption occurred. No changes in serum vitamin A, vitamin-K-dependent clotting factors, serum gastrin, gastric acid output, the absorption of glucose and iron, and faecal excretion of fat were observed. Serum insulin 30 and 60 minutes after an oral glucose loading decreased in the patients on combined treatment, whereas the insulin response remained normal in patients taking Secholex alone. Liver function tests and creatinine were unchanged during the trial. Apart from transient abdominal discomfort in two patients, no side-effects were discovered. The patients found the gel palatable.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1975

Serum proteins in diseases of the liver.

In 9 groups of liver diseases, 11 serum protein parameters were studied. Prealbumin, retinol-binding protein, albumin, alpha-lipoprotein and Normotest (NT) were usually highly intercorrelated and separated best among groups with different types of functional impairment. Haptoglobin, C3 and total iron-binding capacity were probably also sometimes reduced by restricted protein synthesis but appeared to be more easily affected by other factors, alpha1-antitrypsin was often increased in different liver diseases, but a pattern compatible with the "acute-phase reaction" was regularly present only in hepatic tumors. Bile retention was often accompanied by relatively high levels of ceruloplasmin, C3, and alpha-lipoprotein and by high NT values.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1974