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Biomedical subjects

S Singhi

Publications and source records attributed to S Singhi.

144 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Impact of annual immunisation programme with oral polio vaccine on the prevalence of paralytic poliomyelitis.

Lameness survey was conducted in a rural community development block of Haryana in 1985. Enumerators contacted school teachers, anganwadi workers and several key informants in the community to identify lame children in 1-11 years age-group. Physician verified 219 lame cases to be due to poliomyelitis. Prevalence of poliomyelitis lameness was 7.3/1000 children born in 1974-76, 7.7/1000 children born in 1977-1980 and 2.3/1000 children born in 1981-1984 (expected to increase to 3.1/1000 when all children born in 1981-84 cross 5th year of life). Immunisation coverage with 3 doses of oral polio vaccine (OPV) was less than 10% during 1974-80 when immunisation was a clinic based activity. Coverage increased from 50 to 80% during 1981-85 when OPV was given in annual immunisation campaign. The results indicate that prevalence of paralytic poliomyelitis dropped at least by 60% after giving OPV in annual immunisation campaigns.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Determinants of infant and child mortality in rural Haryana.

To identify the individual and household level variables associated with increased risk of mortality, 159 infant and 50 child deaths (cases) and equal number of age matched live infants and children (controls) and their families were studied in a rural area of Haryana. The social, economic, educational and environmental characteristics of the case and control families were similar. Increased risk of infant and child mortality was associated with maternal age less than 20 and more than 30 years, birth order 4th or higher, unclean cord care at the time of child birth, failure of breast feeding during the first 3 months of age, lack of immunizations, and previous infant or child death(s) in the family (Odds ratio greater than 2; P less than 0.05-0.01 by X2 test). An emphasis on the interventions directed at control of the above mentioned variables may prove most helpful in reducing infant and child mortality in a rural area.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Risk factors for stillbirths in a rural community.

To determine the risk factors for stillbirth, a case-control study was carried out in a rural community of Haryana. Stillbirths (cases) were identified retrospectively from a household survey, while the controls, matched individually with each case for the month of birth, were live born infants from the same neighbourhood as the case. The stillbirth rate in the study population was 26.8 per 1000 (68/2539) births. The distribution of socio-economic and environmental factors was similar in the cases and the controls (P > 0.05). Multivariate analysis indicated higher risk of stillbirth for first order births (Odds Ratio [OR] 7.9, Confidence Interval [CI] 2.1-29.2, P 0.002), history of prior stillbirths/child deaths (OR 15.2, CI 2.3-98.2, P 0.004), and absence of antenatal care (OR 3.3, CI 0.9-14.3, P 0.07). Mothers' age, birth interval (< 24 months), delivery place (hospital or home) and type of birth attendant (trained vs untrained) did not show significant influence on the risk of stillbirth. An improvement in the coverage of antenatal care in socio-economically weaker rural community is suggested as the most appropriate strategy for reducing the high stillbirth rate.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neonatal hypoglycemia following maternal glucose infusion prior to delivery.

Intravenous glucose therapy to mother prior to delivery significantly affects glucose and insulin homeostasis in fetus and newborn infants. Specifically, the infants show hyperglycemia, and hyperinsulinism at birth, and are predisposed to hypoglycemia in the first few hours of life. In this paper we have focussed attention on the clinical significance of these changes and suggest some remedial measures, in light of our own research.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Determinants of IQ profile in children with idiopathic generalized epilepsy.

To determine the IQ profile of children with epilepsy and the influence of various epilepsy-related variables on IQ scores, we studied 50 children with idiopathic generalized epilepsy of > 1-year duration, 25 of their siblings, and 30 healthy controls. IQ assessments were made with Malin's Indian modification of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. The mean +/- SD IQ scores of children with epilepsy (85.6 +/- 12) and their siblings (93.2 +/- 11) were significantly lower than those of the controls (101.6 +/- 9). The IQ scores of the children with epilepsy were also significantly lower than those of their siblings (p < 0.05). The IQ scores showed a significant correlation with socioeconomic status (SES) score (r = 0.33), a history of status epilepticus (r = -0.38), duration of seizure disorder (r = -0.31), and total number of seizures (r = -0.31). On multiple regression analysis, status epilepticus emerged as the most significant variable, accounting for 14% variance, followed by SES score (9% variance), duration of seizure disorder (6% variance), and sex of the child (5% variance). Genetic or environmental factors that probably lead to cognitive deficit in children with epilepsy and their siblings require further study.

Analysis of Variance↗