Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Shulman

Publications and source records attributed to S Shulman.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Vasectomy and atherosclerosis in Macaca fascicularis. New findings in a controversial issue.

The influence of vasectomy on diet-induced atherosclerosis was studied in ten Macaca fascicularis monkeys. After a six-month control period the monkeys were divided into two groups and matched for cholesterol levels. Five monkeys were given vasectomies and five sham vasectomies, and all animals were placed on a high-cholesterol, atherogenic diet. The vasectomized monkeys showed a significant increase in sperm antibody formation as compared with the control group. Both groups developed similar high cholesterol levels. After ten months all monkeys were necropsied, and their vascular systems were carefully evaluated to determine the extent of atherosclerosis. There was no difference in the occurrence of atherosclerotic plaques between the study and control groups despite sperm antibody development in the study group. This finding is in contrast to those of previous animal studies in which it was theorized that vasectomy aggravated the development of atherosclerosis. This study, however, confirms the results of several human studies that have failed to find any increase in cardiovascular disease among men who have undergone vasectomy.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Prostaglandins and cannabis--IX. Stimulation of prostaglandin E2 synthesis in human lung fibroblasts by delta 1-tetrahydrocannabinol.

Preliminary data [S. Burstein and S. A. Hunter, Biochem. Pharmac. 27, 1275 (1978)] showed that cannabinoids at levels of 1 microM or greater elevated the concentrations of prostaglandins in cell culture models. Further study [S. Burstein and S. A. Hunter, J. clin. Pharmac. 21, 240S (1981)] led to the suggestion that this effect was due to a stimulation of phospholipase A2 resulting in the release of free arachidonic acid which was then partly converted into the prostaglandin(s) normally synthesized by the particular target system. The present report gives detailed data on the cannabinoid-induced synthesis of prostaglandin E2 by te WI-38 fibroblast derived from human lung. The effect could be blocked by pretreatment with mepacrine, a phospholipase inhibitor, and aspirin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor. These findings lend support to the hypothesis that some of the in vivo actions of the cannabinoids are due to modulations in prostaglandin synthesis at various tissue sites.

Arachidonic Acid↗
PubMed1982

CAMP versus cAMP.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Serotyping↗
PubMed1982

Methylprednisolone treatment of immunologic infertility in male.

Over a 5-year period, 98 men (101 "cases") with immunologic infertility, as diagnosed by Kibrick and F-D sperm agglutination testing, were treated with one or more regimens of methylprednisolone (96 mg/day for 7 days). Among the 71 patients for whom complete follow-up data were obtained, 31 (44%) succeeded in achieving pregnancy in their partners within 12 months of the start of treatment. The pregnancy-achievers and nonachievers were compared with respect to their semen quality, Kibrick titers, and F-D agglutination before and after therapy. No single, clear-cut factor could be identified to explain, or predict, a successful outcome. However, some men did have improved semen quality; of these, 69% achieved a pregnancy in the partner. Furthermore, pregnancy was somewhat more likely to occur if the man had a decrease in Kibrick titer; a decrease in titer was more likely in men whose titers were higher initially. No correlation with F-D agglutination activity was found. side effects were of limited incidence; only 16% of the men had any discomfort at all, and only 2% of them had severe problems. However, all discomfort and problems were transient.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Sperm Motility.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1981

Human soluble antigens and their use in sperm antibody testing.

Efforts were made to disrupt and solubilize human sperm cells and to evaluate the product for its content of infertility antibody-related antigens. In the procedure that was developed, a well-washed sperm sample is treated with 0.1 M dithiothreitol for 60 min, followed by trypsin at 0.1 mg/ml for 30 min, and then by soybean trypsin inhibitor. A mixture of DNAses I and II are added. After centrifuging, the resuspended pellet (RP) and the final supernatant (FS) show several degrees of cellular breakdown. Immunological evaluation was done with a strongly positive human serum containing sperm-head antibody. From the inhibition of sperm agglutination, we could conclude that the desired soluble antigen was obtained in the FS fraction.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1981

The prevention of adverse drug reactions--a potential role for pharmacists in the primary care team?

Medication record cards were kept for 1,366 patients over a three-year period at a neighbourhood pharmacy in north-west London. Eighty-six potential adverse drug reactions were detected. In 53 cases the general practitioner changed the prescription after being contacted by the pharmacist. In a further 15 cases advice intended to reduce the likelihood of an adverse drug reaction was given to the patients by the pharmacist. Seventy-six errors on prescriptions were also detected; these were mainly unintended changes in dose or strength of medication. Pharmacists could have a useful role to play in monitoring for potential drug reactions in general practice. Closer collaboration between the two professions would be of mutual benefit.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Studies on local immunity to sperm-dissolving of cervical mucus by use of bromelin with retention of antibody activity.

The complete dissolving of human cervical mucus was achieved with bromelin. The adequacy and the mildness of this procedure were studied by making both solutions and simple extracts of a number of mucus samples. Both types of preparation were tested for sperm antibody by our methods of agglutination and immobilization. The comparisons showed a high degree of concurrence between these two types, with the bromelin solutions showing positive results more often than the extracts. Other control tests showed that addition of bromelin did not perturb the antibody testing of positive and negative sera. We concluded that addition of bromelin, in a 1/3 volume, gives a quick, thorough and undamaged solution of cervical mucus, on which sperm antibody tests can be done with ease and reliability.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1980

Asialo platelets enhance thrombopoiesis.

Because the terminal sialic acid of several glycoproteins regulates their intravascular half-life, and because asialo platelets have a shortened survival, we postulated that asialo platelets might affect the basal rate of thrombopoiesis. Thrombopoiesis was measured by the incorporation of intravenous 75Se-selenomethionine (a cohort label) into circulating rabbit platelets. Each animal acted as its own control. In one control group, saline was injected intravenously once daily for two days. 75Se-selenomethionine was then injected, 15 microCi/kgm on day 2 and platelets harvested on day 5 for measurement of specific activity (S.A.), cpm/10(7) platelets. The animals were allowed to rest for two weeks, and the experiment repeated. The ratio of the second SA over the first SA was utilized as the stimulation index. When saline was injected the second time, the stimulation index was 1.22 +/- 0.07 (SEM) in eight animals. Asialo platelets were prepared by incubating washed platelets with neuraminidase, 2 units/ml for 60 min. Injection of 2-4 X 10(9) asialo platelets/kgm (the second time) resulted in a stim. index of 2.08 +/- 0.23 (P less than 0.001) in 11 animals. Similar results were obtained with 1 mM DFP and neuraminidase (12 animals). Negative results were obtained when 11 rabbits were injected with a comparable number of untreated washed platelets, stim. index 1.07 +/- 0.13; when 10 rabbits were injected with sonicated asialo platelets, stim. index 1.10 +/- 0.12; or when four rabbits were injected with platelets treated with chymotrypsin, 3 mg/ml for 45 min, stim. index 0.80 +/- 0.04. We conclude that asialo intact platelets stimulate megakaryocytes to produce more platelets. It is suggested that the basal stimulus to thrombopoiesis may be regulated by desialidated older platelets.

Animals↗