[Molecular studies in autoimmune diseases].
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
S Shirai
Publications and source records attributed to S Shirai.
An Alkalophilic Bacillus sp. Produces 2-Phenylethylamine.
A large amount of 2-phenylethylamine was produced in cells of alkalophilic Bacillus sp. strain YN-2000. This amine is secreted in the medium during the cell growth. The amounts of 2-phenylethylamine in both cells and medium change upon changing the pH of the medium.
Journal Article↗
Self-expandable metallic stent therapy for superior vena cava syndrome: clinical observations.
PURPOSE: To study clinical and physiologic aspects of Z-stent therapy for superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome secondary to malignant disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Signs and symptoms of SVC syndrome were classified, graded, and scored in 11 cases. Six patients with caval pressure higher than 22 mm Hg peripheral to the stenosis underwent stent therapy. RESULTS: Immediately after Z-stent implantation into the stenotic lesion, the diameter of the constriction increased from 3.3 mm +/- 2.0 (mean +/- standard deviation) to 14.0 mm +/- 3.2, the mean caval pressure peripheral to the stenosis decreased from 26.6 mm Hg +/- 2.5 to 8.9 mm Hg +/- 0.7, and the symptom score decreased from 6.7 +/- 1.8 to 1.3 +/- 1.4. The caval pressure, lesion diameter, and symptom score correlated highly with each other. One complication--transient pulmonary edema attributable to volume overload caused by reperfusion--was observed. Mean survival exceeded 7.1 months. CONCLUSION: Stent placement could be a useful treatment for refractory SVC syndrome.
Aged↗
Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography in the planning of supratentorial glioma surgery.
The utility of gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) angiography in the planning of supratentorial glioma surgery was evaluated. MR angiograms of the arterial and venous anatomy visualized the anatomical relationship of the main arteries to the tumor, especially on three-dimensional images. Combination with data from surface anatomical images allowed the tumor location to be determined preoperatively. Gd-enhanced MR angiography can be used non-invasively prior to tumor surgery to ascertain the spatial relationship of the vessels to the tumor mass.
Adult↗
Shock wave and THP-adriamycin for treatment of rabbit's bladder cancer.
Focused high-energy shock waves (6,000 to 10,000 shots) were targeted under ultrasound guidance onto implanted urinary bladder cancer in rabbits to elucidate its effect. Although only focal necrosis of the tumor was seen following 6,000 to 10,000 shots daily for 3 days or following chemotherapy (THP-adriamycin) alone, almost total tumor necrosis was observed following a combined shock-wave therapy for one day and THP-adriamycin administration, demonstrating an additive and/or synergetic effect on rabbit urinary bladder cancer.
Animals↗
An acidic polysaccharide having immunological activities from the rhizome of Cnidium officinale.
An acidic polysaccharide, designated as cnidirhan AG, was isolated from the rhizomes of Cnidium officinale Makino. It was homogeneous on electrophoresis and gel chromatography, and its molecular mass was estimated to be 5.1 x 10(4). It showed pronounced reticuloendothelial system-potentiating activity in a carbon clearance test, and had a remarkable effect on both anti-complementary and alkaline phosphatase-inducing activities. It is composed of L-arabinose: D-galactose: D-glucuronic acid in the molar ratio of 2:6:1, in addition to small amounts of O-acetyl groups. Methylation analysis, carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance, controlled Smith degradation and limited acid hydrolysis indicated that the core structural features of cnidirhan AG include a backbone chain composed of beta-1,3-linked D-galactose residues. Some of the galactose units in the backbone carry beta-D-galactosyl side chains at position 6. Both alpha-L-arabinosyl arabinose side chains and terminal beta-D-glucuronic acid residues are linked to the core galactan units.
Alkaline Phosphatase↗
[The pathogenesis of hypercalciuria from the aspect of the response to human parathyroid hormone in Ca containing stone formers].
In order to clarify the pathogenesis of hypercalciuria, the response to extrinsic human parathyroid hormone (h-PTH) was studied the 21 patients with calcium containing urinary stone(s) and 5 normal controls (NO). The stone patients were classified into 3 groups from the result of the oral calcium loading test, i.e. Non-hypercalciura (NH, n = 8) and absorptive hypercalciuria (AH, n = 8) and renal hypercalciuria (RH, n = 5). Only in the AH group, urinary excretion of calcium (u-Ca) was strongly correlated to that of sodium (u-Na) in pre-load of h-PTH, and both increments were also correlated in post-load of h-PTH. As of this fact the increase in Na excretion seems to be responsible for a cause of hypercalciuria in the AH group. There was a significant correlation between the value of %TRP in pre-load of h-PTH and the rate of urinary phosphorus (P) increment between pre-load and post-load of h-PTH in the NO and NH groups. However, this relationship was not found in the AH and RH groups. These findings indicate that there is response disorder of P to h-PTH. In addition, serum P was low, plasma 1,25 (OH)2D was high, N-c-AMP was low in the AH group, whereas both serum P and %TRP were low in the RH group in pre-load of h-PTH. These findings are compatible with the primary renal P leak.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adult↗
[Ultrastructural renal damage after shock wave exposure].
This report clarified the direct damage to renal cell ultrastructure on shock wave exposure. The renal cortex of the rabbit was exposed to the shock waves (1200 bar) generated by the piezo-ceramics. The change was examined by electron microscopy immediately after 20 shots exposure and 500 shots exposure as well as one week after 500 shots exposure. In all groups, the most critical damage was observed in the proximal tubule. Immediately after 20 shots exposure, large vacuoles were found to be enclosed by infoldings in the proximal tubular cell. The damaged cell lost its brush border and jutted out into the lumen. The ruins of organelles (nuclei, mitochondria, etc.) were seen in the lumina of proximal and distal tubules. The damage progressed, in the 500 shots exposure group, to include the distal tubular cytoplasm. One week after the 500 shots exposure, a few of atrophic tubular cells were found in wide scars. The tubular cell which contained a deformed nucleus and destroyed organelles was desquamated from the basement membrane. The change in the tubular cell after shock wave exposure was apparently different from that after such intervention as one hour ischemia. It was concluded that the direct damage to renal cells by underwater shock wave exposure was really present.
Animals↗
Central nervous system metastasis from gallbladder carcinoma--case report.
Systemic metastases from gallbladder carcinoma occur frequently, but involvement of the central nervous system is rare. We describe such a case in a 68-year-old female. Solitary brain metastasis from gallbladder carcinoma was completely removed 4 months after operation for the primary tumor. Planned chemotherapy was then given to prevent recurrence. She was leading a normal life 4 years later. Patients with solitary brain metastasis from gallbladder carcinoma can achieve a better outcome and longer survival after removal of the brain metastasis if there is no other metastasis.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Initial experience using a new type extracorporeal lithotripter with an anti-misshot control device.
Initial clinical trials using a new overhead piezoelectric extracorporeal lithotripter is presented. The advantages of this machine are the installation of an anti-misshot control device (AMCD) to prevent misshots to renal tissue, simplicity for ultrasound stone localization by the overhead type applicator, and elimination of necessity for anesthesia. Thirty patients with upper urinary tract calculi were treated by this machine with a success rate of 77% and stone destruction rate of 93%. No serious complication was observed. The AMCD functioned in such a manner that shock waves were generated only when the stone was in the focal region. Although there were AMCD nonfunctioning cases (small and deeply located stones), it is indicated that this machine is favorable for safe, extracorporeal lithotripsy.
Adult↗
[Immunohistochemical stain using anti-PCNA antibody in pancreatic tumors].
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Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
[Developmental mechanisms of congenital eye abnormalities].
Experimental teratology in mice was studied to clarify the developmental mechanisms of congenital eye abnormalities. Pregnant Jcl: ICR mice were treated intraperitoneally with ochratoxin A on day 7 of pregnancy. The offspring were grossly observed on day 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16 or 18 of gestation, or at the second or fourth week after birth. Then, the eyes were histologically examined in serial sections. Mother mice were injected with ochratoxin A on day 8, 9, 10 or 11 of pregnancy, and the eyes of fetuses were examined on day 16 of gestation to determine the critical periods for the congenital eye abnormalities. Pregnant C57BL/6NJcl mice were also given an intraperitoneal injection of ochratoxin A on day 7 of pregnancy, and the eyes of offspring were observed grossly and histologically on day 16 or 18 of gestation, or at the second or fourth week after birth. Fetal and postnatal eyes showed various kinds and degrees of developmental abnormalities histologically. They included anophthalmia, microphthalmia, aphakia, mesenchymal dysgenesis of the anterior segment, faulty separation of the lens vesicle, developmental abnormalities of the vitreous, faulty closure of the embryonic fissure, retinal rosette formation and aberrant optic nerve fiber. Since anophthalmia, microphthalmia and aphakia caused by the developmental disturbances of the optic and lens vesicles were not established in the fetuses whose mothers were treated with ochratoxin A after day 9 of pregnancy, the critical periods for these abnormalities were considered to be on day 8 of gestation or earlier. Mesenchymal dysgenesis of the anterior segment, faulty separation of the lens vesicle and developmental abnormalities of the vitreous were frequently observed in the fetuses whose mothers were injected with ochratoxin A on day 7, 8 or 9 of pregnancy. It was considered that there was a correlation between the critical periods for these three abnormalities and the stage of the neural crest cell migration around the optic vesicle. Mesenchymal dysgenesis of the anterior segment observed in mice corresponded to the Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome or Peters' anomaly encountered clinically. Processes of production of these abnormalities based on the faulty migration of the neural crest cells which form the ocular anterior segment were demonstrated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Animals↗
Gallium-67 citrate uptake in experimental tumors and inflammatory lesions--an histo-autoradiographic correlation.
In a DAB-hepatoma organic tumor, Ga-67 accumulated markedly in the hepatocellular carcinoma with scant stroma but not in the cholangioma that was rich in connective tissue. No granulation tissue was formed around the tumor. In transplanted tumors (Ehrlich's tumor and Sarcoma 180), Ga-67 accumulated in the granulation tissue within the fibroblasts, leukocytes and capillaries surrounding the tumor, rather than in the tumor. In inflammatory lesions, Ga-67 uptake was similar in granulation tissue with large numbers of phagocytes, such as leukocytes and histiocytes, and capillaries. There was a very good correlation between the degree of Ga-67 uptake and of cellular infiltration and the proliferation of capillaries. Ga-67 uptake, both in inflammatory lesions and in transplanted tumors, was observed in the granulation tissue. This result implies that the mechanisms of Ga-67 uptake in tumor and inflammatory tissues are not the same, because Ga-67 accumulated in the DAB-hepatoma that had no inflammatory granulation tissue. This study indicates that a non-transplanted tumor is required to study Ga-67 accumulation in tumors, as different results may occur in tumors with and without inflammatory granulation tissue.
Animals↗
[Estimation of glomerular filtration rate from the urinary excreted contrast medium concentration].
In the animal experiments, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) values were estimated from the urinary response to the intravenously administrated iopamidol. By introducing some reasonable assumptions, mass balance equations about the contrast medium were transformed and GFR was defined as the ratio of logarithm of urinary concentration by time. Urinary concentrations were determined by measuring the photodensity on the X-ray film of urine specimens. Obtained values of GFR were well fitted to those obtained by the analysis of the plasma disappearance curve. The advantage of this method is that measurement of urinary volume is not necessary.
Animals↗
[Computed tomography of obturator foramen hernia].
A 89 year-old female was admitted with the complaint of right hypochondralgia. And also she complained of right thigh pain after admission. On hospital day 4, she underwent CT examination in order to evaluate right thigh with severe pain. The preoperative diagnosis of obturator foramen hernia was performed.
Aged↗
[Study on castable glass ceramics (Bioram-C)--surface treatment for enhanced bonding strength].
This study evaluated the tensile bonding strength of castable glass ceramics (Bioram-C) to three dental adhesive resin cements: Super-Bond C&B, Chemiace and Panavia EX. Treatments of the castable glass ceramic surfaces for enhanced bonding to the adhesive were examined. The surface treatments of the ceramics were sand blasting by 40 microns phi aluminum oxide and a silane coupling agent (KBM 503). Castable glass ceramics were cast and after surface treatment, bonded end-to-end and tested for tensile strength 24 hours later. Failures in the bonding were studied by a scanning electron microscope and wave dispersive X-ray Micro-analyzer. The findings were as follows: 1. Sand blasting by 40 microns phi aluminum oxide with Super-Bond C&B gave the highest mean bonding strength. 2. A significant difference (p less than 0.01) was observed between the surface treatment with the silane coupling agent and 40 microns phi aluminum oxide. The silane coupling agent employed in this study had a significant by higher average bonding strength. In examining the specimens, cohesive failure was observed in 70% of Super-Bond C&B and 50% of both Chemiace and Panavia EX bondings. 3. There were no significant difference between the three adhesives with the silane coupling agent.
Adhesives↗
[Encouragement of a nurse at a clinical scene].
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Humans↗
[Studies on the mechanism of closure of the embryonic fissure (II). A morphological study of a transmission electron microscope].
The object of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of closure of the embryonic fissure with a transmission electron microscope in mouse embryos. Every specimen was cut at right angle to the embryonic fissure. Desmosome-like junctions and gap junctions were found between the cells of the inner wall and those of the outer wall of the optic cup. The lip facing the embryonic fissure of the optic cup was covered with the basal lamina. In the section immediately before closure, the cells composing the lip were flattened and had processes on their margins. In addition, collagen fibrils appeared in some portions on the basal lamina. The more posterior section of the same specimen showed immature cell junctions and fusing parts between the cells of both sides. It was deduced that the cells which composed the lip produced the collagen fibrils on the basal lamina when both lips drew closer together. After the adhesion of both basal laminae, immature cell junctions appeared transiently between the cells on either side. The fusion of these cells resulted from disappearance of the cell junctions.
Animals↗