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Biomedical subjects

S Shinoda

Publications and source records attributed to S Shinoda.

234 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1974

Antigenic difference between polar montrichous and peritrichous flagella of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Polar monotrichous and peritrichous flagella of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were isolated and purified separately. On hydroxylapatite column chromatography, the flagellins of polar monotrichous flagella were eluted with a higher concentration of phosphate than those of peritrichous flagella. Gel diffusion tests showed an antigenic difference between the flagellins of polar monotrichous and peritrichous flagella. Electron microscope observations on cells stained with ferritin-conjugated antibodies demonstrated that polar monotrichous and peritrichous flagella reacted specifically with antimonotrichous flagellin and antiperitrichous flagellin antisera, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship between chromosomal alpha-specific suppressors of sir4-11 and polymorphism of the HMRa-bearing fragment.

In the course of studying sir4-11 which is responsible for the non-mating phenotype of asd-homothallism of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we detected chromosomal alpha-specific suppressors of it. By examining the mating-type cassette constitution of two strains and the spore-clones derived from a diploid culture formed by a mass mating between these strains, we obtained the following results; (1) the HMRa-bearing HindIII-Bg/II restriction fragment was dimorphic, as judged by size, within each tetrad, (2) while one form was common to all tetrads, the other varied among tetrads, (3) spore-clones with the alpha-specific suppressor of sir4-11 had the variant forms while those without had the common form, and (4) while the two parents had the common form, each independent diploid clone had the common form plus a variant form. From these results, we conclude that the mating of cells in certain combinations induces a change of DNA structure at or near HMRa in a mating-pair specific manner and that the change makes HMRa non-derepressible or non-functional when derepressed.

Cell Cycle↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pathogenic vibrios in the natural aquatic environment.

In recent years, members belonging to the genus Vibrio of the family Vibrionaceae have acquired increasing importance because of the association of several of its members with human disease. The most feared of the Vibrio species is Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of cholera, a devastating disease of global significance. Other important vibrios of medical importance are V. parahemolyticus, V. vulnificus, V. mimicus, and to a lesser extent V. fluvialis, V. furnissii, V. hollisae, and V. damsela. Recent studies have also implicated V. alginolyticus and V. metschnikovii in human disease, although their complete significance has not yet been established. The virulence of all medically important vibrios is aided by a variety of traits that help breach human defenses. In this review, we provide an overview of the environmental distribution of the pathogenic vibrios and the important virulence traits that enable them to cause disease.

Ecology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Eosinophils are neither migrated nor activated in the skin lesions of atopic dermatitis in infants.

Eosinophils and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) were examined in the skin lesions of 10 infants with atopic dermatitis (aged 4 months to 7 years). In all 10 patients, neutrophils and eosinophils were rarely seen in these lesions. Moreover, in the immunohistochemical study, ECP was scarcely detected in any of them. Our results suggest that eosinophils are neither migrated nor activated in the skin in atopic dermatitis in infants.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of lymphocyte proliferative responses to casein hydrolysate formula in cow's milk-sensitive children: response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to hydrolysate formula.

The proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to cow's milk proteins and a casein hydrolysate formula were investigated in 10 cow's milk-sensitive patients. The casein hydrolysate formula reduced the symptoms in seven children but not in three. The proliferative responses of PBMCs to cow's milk proteins and the formula were higher in the three patients whose symptoms were not reduced by casein hydrolysate formula. However, the proliferative responses of PBMCs to hydrolysate formula were lower than those to cow's milk proteins in patients whose symptoms were reduced by casein hydrolysate formula. These results suggest that an elimination diet with casein hydrolysate formula may not be as effective in some patients with cow's milk allergy whose PBMCs proliferate to casein hydrolysate formula.

Caseins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunoglobulin-secreting cells in healthy peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Immunoglobulin-secreting cells were measured in healthy uncultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in vitro. The percentage of IgM-, IgG- and IgA-secreting cells in adult PBMCs was 0.053, 0.099 and 0.065%, respectively. The percentage of IgM-, IgG- and IgA-secreting cells was 0.73, 5.2 and 3.8% of surface IgM-, IgG- and IgA-bearing cells, respectively. The numbers of IgM-, IgG- and IgA-secreting cells increased with age in childhood. However, the numbers of all three classes were slightly decreased in adults compared with children aged 9-15 years. These results may explain the difference in immunity in vivo.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of lymphocyte proliferative responses to food antigens with regard to age and food-specific IgE antibodies in food-sensitive atopic dermatitis.

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), selected for sensitivity to hen's egg or cow's milk, showed significant proliferation in response to food antigens, ovalbumin or bovine serum albumin compared with PBMCs from nonatopic control subjects. The proliferative responses of PBMCs to food antigens were evaluated with regard to age and specific IgE antibodies to food antigens in food-sensitive patients with AD. There were no differences in proliferation between each age group, and the proliferation in patients with AD was significantly higher than in age-matched control subjects. There was no relationship between proliferative responses of PBMCs and specific IgE antibodies to food antigens in patients with AD. These results suggest that the responsiveness of lymphocytes to food antigens is independent of age and food-specific IgE antibodies in food-sensitive patients with AD.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunoglobulin-secreting cells in primary immunodeficiency diseases.

To assess immunoglobulin production in vivo, the numbers of immunoglobulin-secreting cells were measured in uncultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with primary immunoglobulin deficiency. The numbers of immunoglobulin-secreting cells were found to be variable, and they were well correlated with the serum concentrations of all three major immunoglobulin classes. Our results suggest that measurement of immunoglobulin-secreting cells in PBMCs is useful in the assessment of the ability to produce immunoglobulin in vivo.

Antibody-Producing Cells↗