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Biomedical subjects

S Shimada

Publications and source records attributed to S Shimada.

481 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Coexistence of substance P and neurotensin-like peptides in single neurons of the rat hypothalamus.

The coexistence of substance P with neurotensin-like immunoreactivity in certain neurons of the hypothalamus were demonstrated by the double immunofluorescence method. Substance P and neurotensin-like immunoreactivity coexisted within single neurons of some hypothalamic areas such as the medial preoptic area, perifornical area, anterior hypothalamic area, lateral hypothalamic area, periventricular nucleus and posterior hypothalamic nucleus, although they did not coexist in the majority of immunoreactive cells.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The colocalization of substance P- and somatostatin-like peptides in neurons of the entopeduncular nucleus of rats.

The colocalization of substance P-like and somatostatin-like immunoreactivity in cell bodies was investigated in the entopeduncular nucleus of rats by a double immunofluorescence method using species specific antibodies. Most of the substance P-like immunoreactive cells were also positive to somatostatin and mainly seen in the rostral to middle region of the entopeduncular nucleus. Therefore it is suggested that double-labeled neurons in the entopeduncular nucleus project to the lateral habenular nucleus which is involved in the limbic system, since the rostral portion of the entopeduncular nucleus has been shown to project to the lateral habenular nucleus.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A prospective, randomized trial of early versus late administration of a single dose of surfactant-TA.

Thirty-two neonates weighing 500-1500 g with documented surfactant deficiency and without evidence of severe birth asphyxia, infection, prolonged rupture of membranes greater than or equal to 72 h, or oligohydramnios were randomly assigned to receive a single intratracheal dose of surfactant-TA (100 mg/kg) either within 30 min of birth (n = 16, early group) or at 6 h of age (n = 16, late group). By 6 h of age, all neonates of the late group had moderate/severe RDS, while none of the neonates of the early group had either clinical or radiological respiratory distress syndrome. The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia was significantly lower in survivors of the early group than those of the late group (1/15 versus 7/14, a 43% reduction with a 95% confidence interval of 14-72%, P = 0.025). These beneficial effects of early surfactant treatment remained after controlling for the various confounding factors in the logistic models.

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Enzyme immunoassay of gonadotropin releasing hormone in the canine hypothalamus and plasma using monoclonal antibodies.

A monoclonal antibody against gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)-BSA was used in the development of a sensitive enzyme immunoassay of GnRH in the canine hypothalamus and in plasma. The method had a limit of detection of 4 pg per sample. The intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were < 7.3% and < 11.0%, respectively. Acid extracts of hypothalamus produced a dose response curve which was parallel to that obtained with the synthetic GnRH standard. Checking cross reactivity of various fragments of GnRH revealed that the antibody was formed predominantly against the C-terminal end of GnRH. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone and other hypothalamic hormones did not appear to influence the assay. In male dogs, hypothalamic GnRH levels increased with age up to 4 months, then fell to a plateau from 6 months to 2 years. The time required for a 50% reduction in plasma levels following intravenous administration of synthetic GnRH to five adult male dogs was 2.2 +/- 0.1 (SEM) min.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A potentially novel peptidase, resembling but distinct from neutrophil elastase, produced by carcinoma cells.

Neutrophil elastase (NE) is the only neutral protease that can degrade broad substrates of extracellular matrix components. In the present study, we describe the NE-like molecule expressed in many carcinoma cells, which has similar activity to NE and pancreatic elastase, but is immunologically different from NE, and is not inhibited by NE or pancreatic elastase inhibitor at all. Intracellular activity of NE or pancreatic elastase and immunological reactivity of NE in ten carcinoma cell lines and freshly purified neutrophils were measured by CellProbe and enzyme immunoassay, respectively. The NE and pancreatic inhibitory effect to the extracts of the ten cell lines was further examined using NE and pancreatic elastase inhibitor (ONO-5046.Na). Only two carcinoma cell lines out of ten had low immunoreactive NE, whereas neutrophils had high immunoreactivity in the extract. Flow cytometric analyses demonstrated that five out of 11 carcinoma cell lines had a high degrading activity of Ala-Ala-Pro-Val site in more than half of the population. SUIT-2 had the highest activity, but had no immunoreactivity for NE. Furthermore, the NE-like activity in the SUIT-2 cells was not inhibited by ONO-5046.Na. The present study demonstrated the NE-like molecule expressed in many types of carcinoma cells, which is potentially a new and specific protease produced by cancer cells. It would be of great interest to identify this NE-like molecule specific to the tumor, leading to a possible promising treatment of advanced carcinomas.

Carcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of predictive value for colorectal cancer in subjects with and without rectal bleeding.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: To clarify the association between a sign of rectal bleeding and colorectal cancer, and to reveal the relationship of rectal bleeding to the results of an immunochemical fecal occult blood test. METHODOLOGY: In a population-based cross sectional study, 30,138 subjects who received immunochemical fecal occult blood screening with a 2-day method were divided into two groups, according to the results of a questionnaire on a sign of rectal bleeding, and the positivity rate of an immunochemical occult blood test as well as the predictive value for colorectal cancer were compared in the two groups. RESULTS: The fecal occult blood test was positive in 8.8% of subjects with rectal bleeding and in 6.0% of subjects without rectal bleeding, and the predictive value was 6.4% and 3.3% in subjects with and without rectal bleeding, respectively, showing a significant difference in the positivity rate (p<0.001) as well as the predictive value (p<0.05) between these two groups. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that there are positive relations between the subjects with rectal bleeding presentation and colorectal cancer, and a sign of rectal bleeding and the results of an immunochemical fecal occult blood test.

Colorectal Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of the interferon-gamma-mediated regulation of tumor-associated antigens expressed by human gastric carcinoma cells.

The regulation by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) of the expression of seven distinct human tumor-associated antigens [M 110,000, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), nonspecific crossreacting antigen (NCA), CA19-9, 17-1A, TAG-72, and D612] was studied in eight human gastric cancer cell lines. Six of the seven tumor antigens have been well-characterized and reported to be expressed by human gastric carcinomas. The M(r) 110,000 antigen has been recently identified in six of the eight human gastric cancer cell lines and may represent a potentially novel gastric tumor antigen. IFN-gamma administration substantially increased the expression of the M(r) 110,000 antigen in six gastric tumor cell types, and, furthermore, induced its expression de novo in another gastric tumor cell line (GaCa). Constitutive CEA and NCA expression was detected on the surface of five of the eight gastric carcinoma cell lines. IFN-gamma treatment induced only a modest increase in the level of expression of those related antigens, but those changes were accompanied by increases in the level of the respective mRNA transcripts. Four other human tumor-associated antigens, TAG-72, CA19-9, D612, and 17-1A, were found either to be not constitutively expressed and/or not regulated by IFN-gamma. The results indicate the selective nature by which IFN-gamma regulates the M(r) 110,000 antigen and, to a lesser extent, the antigens of the CEA gene family.

Adenocarcinoma↗