Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Shimada

Publications and source records attributed to S Shimada.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Calcitonin gene-related peptide projection from the ventromedial thalamic nucleus to the insular cortex: a combined retrograde transport and immunocytochemical study.

We employed a highly sensitive combination method of retrograde tracing and immunohistochemistry to identify calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-containing fiber pathways in the rat from the ventrolateral part of the ventrolateral thalamic nucleus (vl-vl) and the caudal continuation to the insular cortex. Biotin-wheat germ agglutinin (B-WGA) injected into the insular cortex labeled numerous neurons in the vl-vl and the caudal continuation ipsilaterally; simultaneous staining with CGRP antiserum revealed that some of these neurons are CGRP positive.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Somatostatinergic neurons in the insular cortex project to the spinal cord: combined retrograde axonal transport and immunohistochemical study.

A double-labeling method combining immunohistochemistry and a retrograde tracer technique using biotin-horseradish peroxidase (B-HRP) was employed to identify a descending somatostatinergic fiber system from the insular cortex to the spinal cord. Injection of B-HRP into the spinal cord at cervical or lumbar levels resulted in the labeling of a number of neurons in the insular cortex. Simultaneous immunostaining revealed the existence of double-labeled neurons in the insular cortex. The result provides direct evidence for the presence of a descending somatostatinergic pathway from the insular cortex to lumbar levels of the spinal cord.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Plasminogen activator activity levels in patients with Behçet's syndrome.

We studied the plasminogen activator levels in plasma samples of 37 patients with Behcet's syndrome. A significant decrease of plasminogen activator activity level was shown by the euglobulin lysis time method, the amidolytic activity level (Testzym method), and the fibrin plate method. Such a decrease may be associated with the severity of Behcet's syndrome.

Behcet Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

Purification and characterization of a cytotoxic factor produced by a mouse macrophage hybridoma.

A mouse macrophage cytotoxic factor was purified to homogeneity from the serum-free culture supernatant of a mouse macrophage hybridoma clone, N/P-7-1, stimulated with lipopolysaccharide by gel filtration, affinity chromatography, anion-exchange chromatography, and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The purified material was judged to be homogeneous as to the criteria of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and has a relative molecular mass of 17,500, as determined by SDS-PAGE, or 55,000, as determined by gel filtration on columns of both Sephacryl S-200 and TSK G3000SW. It has an isoelectric point of 5.0, and is trypsin sensitive, stable at 56 degrees C and labile at pH less than 6. The cytotoxic activity of the purified factor could not be inhibited by various sugars and lectins. The production of the factor from N/P-7-1 triggered by macrophage-activating factor for cytotoxicity, but not by mouse recombinant gamma-interferon. The factor should be synthesized after lipopolysaccharide stimulation because treatment of N/P-7-1 cells with a metabolic inhibitor, emetine or actinomycin D, prevents the production.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Calcitonin gene-related peptidergic projection from the parabrachial area to the forebrain and diencephalon in the rat: an immunohistochemical analysis.

We investigated ascending fiber projections of calcitonin gene-related peptide from the parabrachial area to the forebrain and diencephalon in the rat using immunocytochemistry. Destruction of the lateral portion of the dorsal parabrachial area resulted in a marked ipsilateral decrease in the fibers containing calcitonin gene-related peptide in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, indicating that cells containing calcitonin gene-related peptide in the lateral portion of the dorsal parabrachial area projected to the ipsilateral ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus. Destruction of the ventral portion of the parabrachial area resulted in a marked decrease of fibers containing calcitonin gene-related peptide in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, the central amygdaloid nucleus and the lateral hypothalamus just medial to the crus cerebri (the far-lateral hypothalamus), and a less marked decrease in the ventromedial thalamic nucleus. This means that there are projections from cells containing calcitonin gene-related peptide in the ventral portion of the parabrachial area to the first three regions just mentioned, and to some extent to the last.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1985

Thermochemotherapy for malignant melanoma: overcoming heterogeneity in drug sensitivity.

Endo B (melanotic) and W (amelanotic) human malignant melanomas originated from the same tumor, both known to be heterogeneous in drug sensitivity to ACNU [( 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)-methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitroso- urea hydrochloride]), were treated experimentally with a combination therapy of ACNU and hyperthermia in mice. Whereas Endo W melanoma has no sensitivity, Endo B melanoma is sensitive to ACNU alone. However, in both types of melanomas, a marked synergistic effect of the combination therapy was noted. Histologically, marked degeneration of both tumor cells was detected. These results strongly suggest that thermochemotherapy may overcome the tumor heterogeneity in drug sensitivity.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Antitumor activity of the DNA fraction from Mycobacterium bovis BCG. II. Effects on various syngeneic mouse tumors.

MY-1, a fraction extracted from BCG and composed of 70.0% DNA and 28.0% RNA, was examined for its antitumor activity against 9 different syngeneic mouse tumors. Tumor regression was induced in almost all of the mice bearing any of five kinds of solid tumors by repeated intralesional injections of 100 micrograms MY-1. When cells of some tumors were inoculated intradermally together with MY-1, tumor growth was suppressed, lung metastases were inhibited, and the survival times of mice bearing 1 of 3 leukemic tumors were prolonged. Repeated sc injections with MY-1 in sites remote from tumor cell inoculation or repeated iv injections were more or less effective against three kinds of solid tumors. Mice inoculated with Lewis lung carcinoma cells in a hind footpad and whose legs were amputated 9 days later were given iv or sc injections of MY-1 every other day (8 times in total), resulting in substantial prolongation of survival. No direct cytotoxicity of MY-1 for these tumors could be shown in three kinds of experiments, which indicates that the antitumor mechanism of MY-1 is host mediated. MY-1 was equally effective in mice with or without presensitization with BCG, whereas BCG was much more effective in BCG-sensitized mice. This finding suggests that a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction elicited by BCG protein is not required for the antitumor activity of MY-1.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

TNP-specific Lyt-2+ cytolytic T cell clones preferentially respond to TNP-conjugated epidermal cells.

A most effective method for the induction of hapten-specific allergic contact sensitivity (CS) is via epicutaneous application of the hapten. Another effective method is by the administration of haptenated epidermal cells (EC) subcutaneously. The latter method induces more intense and longer lasting CS than does the subcutaneous administration of haptenated spleen cells (SC). Thus, there may be something unique about EC which, when haptenated, allows them to generate effector cells more effectively than do SC. We therefore attempted to generate T cell clones that were both hapten- and epidermal-specific. Four days after painting mice with 7% trinitrochlorobenzene, draining lymph node cells were obtained and T cells were purified. These cells were co-cultured with trinitrophenylated (TNP) Langerhans cell-enriched EC. After 4 days, cells were harvested and rested on non-TNP-conjugated EC. The cells were restimulated and rested three times, and were then cloned by limiting dilution with added interleukin 2, which was then continually added. Proliferation of T cells was assessed by [3H]-thymidine incorporation. Cytotoxicity assays utilized TNP-conjugated concanavalin A SC blasts or EC as targets. Clones A-2 and E-4 are Thy-1+, Lyt-2+, and L3T4-, and TNP-specific. In contrast to noncloned TNP-specific T cells, the clones proliferate preferentially in response to TNP-EC rather than TNP-SC. Also in contrast to noncloned T cells, the clones were preferentially cytotoxic for TNP-EC; compared to TNP-SC, there was an eight- to 32-fold increase in killing when TNP-EC were used as targets. Clones A-2 and E-4 therefore exhibit hapten and epidermal specificity. The epidermal-specific epitope that is recognized is unknown, but genetic restriction and antibody inhibition studies indicate that it is co-recognized with H-2K.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical and bacteriological evaluation of TMS-19-Q in superficial suppurative skin and soft tissue infection].

Clinical effectiveness of TMS-19-Q, a new macrolide antibiotic, was evaluated in superficial infectious diseases classified into 6 groups at 13 departments of dermatology. The results obtained were as follows: Final global improvement rating in 311 cases were excellent in 91, good in 158, fair in 45 and poor in 17 and the effective rate was 80.1%. Effective rates in each group were 71.1% in 1st group (folliculitis and acne pustulosa), 78.6% in 2nd group (furuncle, furunculosis and carbuncle), 100% in 3rd group (impetigo), 76.9% in 4th group (phlegmone, superficial lymphangitis, erysipelas and infectious paronychia), 88.7% in 5th group (inflammatory atheroma, subcutaneous abscess, hidradenitis suppurative and acne conglobata) and 77.3% in 6th group (secondary infection). Dominant strains isolated were S. aureus (40.7%), S. epidermidis (26.9%) and anaerobic bacteria (20.8%). S. aureus was frequently isolated from most of all disease. On the other hand, S. epidermidis and anaerobic bacteria were isolated mainly from 1st and 5th group. Optimum daily doses would be over 600 mg. Slight adverse reactions such as gastrointestinal disorders, eruption and malaise were observed in 12 cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical evaluation of sustained release preparations of cefaclor in dental infections. Comparative double blind clinical studies of sustained release preparations with a regular preparation of cefaclor].

In vitro viable cell count studies of sustained release preparations of cefaclor (CCL) conclude that the mixture of nonenteric and enteric coated granules of CCL in the ratio of 4 to 6 is the most appropriate form (4:6 form) for the sustained release preparation of CCL. In order to clinically confirm the above conclusion, comparative double blind clinical studies of 3 mixtures forms (2:8, 4:6 and 6:4 forms) with a regular preparation (CCL form) were conducted in dental infections regarding efficacy, safety, and usefulness of the 4 forms. Evaluable cases for efficacy and usefulness were 364 in total (96 cases for the 2:8 form group, 89 cases for the 4:6 form group, 89 cases for the 6:4 form group, and 90 cases for the CCL form group). Evaluable cases for safety were 404 cases in total (102 for the 2:8 form, 100 for the 4:6 form, 102 for the 6:4 form, and 100 for the CCL form). Daily dose of the 3 forms of sustained release preparations was 375 mg b.i.d. after breakfast and dinner and that of the CCL form 250 mg t.i.d. after breakfast, lunch and dinner. Following are the results of the clinical studies: There were no significant differences among the 4 patient-groups (2:8 form, 4:6 form, 6:4 form, and CCL form) regarding background factors of the patients and findings of their subjective and objective symptoms before the initiation of the administration, and it was therefore confirmed that there were no problems in conducting the comparative double blind clinical studies. Overall clinical effective rate determined by the efficacy evaluation criteria of the Japanese society of oral surgery (JSOS) were 89.5% at day 3 and 94.8% at day 5 in the 2:8 form group, 87.4% at day 3 and 95.5% at day 5 in the 4:6 form group, 86.4% at day 3 and 91.0% at day 5 in the 6:4 form group, and 93.3% at day 3 and 96.7% at day 5 in the CCL form group. The effective rate determined by the physicians who actually treated the patients were 84.4% in the 2:8 form group, 87.6% in the 4:6 form group, 84.1% in the 6:4 form group, and 87.8% in the CCL form group. In both judgments by the efficacy evaluation criteria of JSOS and the physicians, there were no significant differences among the 4 forms regarding overall clinical efficacy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[A case of advanced gastric cancer showing complete cure by immunochemotherapy with FT-207 and OK-432 confirmed by thorough histologic examination of total gastrectomy matter].

A 57-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of epigastric tumor on Jan. 16, 1980. Two advanced gastric carcinomas were recognized in the antrum and the corpus by X-ray and endoscopic examinations. The biopsy diagnosis was poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. She was treated with FT-207 suppositories and subcutaneous injection of OK-432 without operation because of a suspicion of ascites and Virchow's metastasis. After five months, the tumor of the corpus disappeared, and, after nine months, that of the antrum changed to a scarlike lesion. On July 30, 1981, total gastrectomy with extended nodal dissection was performed. Histological examination revealed complete absence of carcinoma cells in the stomach and regional lymph nodes.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Thermochemotherapy for malignant melanoma: combination therapy of ACNU and hyperthermia in mice.

B16 melanoma (mouse melanoma) and C24 melanoma (human malignant melanoma) transplanted in mice were treated by a combined therapy of ACNU [1-(4-amino-2-methyl - 5 - pyrimidinyl) - methyl - 3 - (2 - chlorethyl) - 3 - nitrosourea hydrochloride] (10 mg/kg) and hyperthermia (43 degrees C, 30 min). In both types of melanoma, a marked synergistic effect of the combined therapy was noted. Particularly in C24 melanoma a reduction in the size of tumor was observed. Histopathologic findings revealed a strong degeneration such as destruction of the tumor structure and vacuolization of nuclei.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Long-term follow-up study of 13 autistic children.

This is a report concerning 13 autistic children who have been followed up from their early infancy to adulthood. Some intake variables, such as speech development at the age of 5, were correlated with the outcome status. As a result, we showed that a higher level of speech development at age 5 did not necessarily lead to a better outcome in social adaptability. We showed also that any of the variables we examined, such as the presence of brain organic abnormality, the duration of schooling and the duration of medical treatment, were not factors in determining a good or poor prognosis. We concluded that a rather poor outcome seen in our subjects might be due to the particular situation in Japan throughout this study period, and not a reflection of the real natural history of early infantile autism.

Autistic Disorder↗