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Biomedical subjects

S Sherlock

Publications and source records attributed to S Sherlock.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1973

Fibrinolysis in cholestatic jaundice.

The fibrinolytic system was studied in primary biliary cirrhosis (16 patients) and large bile duct obstruction (10 patients, nine of whom had carcinoma). Plasma fibrinolysis (plasminogen activator activity) was decreased and fibrinogen increased in both groups of patients, particularly in those with large duct obstruction. These changes were related to the degree of cholestasis. Plasminogen activator activity was inversely related to serum triglyceride levels in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Urokinase inhibitors were decreased in both groups and antiplasmins increased in patients with large duct obstruction; fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products were normal in primary biliary cirrhosis and moderately increased in large duct obstruction. None of these fibrinolytic indices was related to the degree of cholestasis. Fibrinolytic activity and fibrinogen returned almost to normal levels after palliative surgery in the three patients with large duct obstruction who were studied. The decreased plasma fibrinolysis and increased fibrinogen may be due to altered lipid metabolism in cholestatic jaundice. In patients undergoing surgery for large duct obstruction there may be an increased risk of thrombosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

Lymphocyte transformation in response to phytohaemagglutinin in primary biliary cirrhosis: the search for a plasma inhibitory factor.

The aim of this study was to determine the importance of plasma inhibitory factors in producing the impaired phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-induced lymphocyte transformation that is seen in some patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Twenty-six normal subjects and 12 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis were studied. The lymphocytes from each subject were cultured in the presence of autologous plasma and also in the presence of homologous plasma from a normal subject or from a patient with primary biliary cirrhosis. The results confirm that a proportion of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis are anergic and that the impaired lymphocyte transformation to PHA in vitro can be partially accounted for by the presence of inhibitory factors in the plasma. However, these factors are unlikely to account completely for the impaired transformation, it being probable that there are also abnormalities of the T lymphocytes themselves.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

Skeletal muscle blood flow and neurovascular reactivity in liver disease.

There was no significant difference in forearm muscle blood flow, measured by the clearance of (133)Xenon when 38 patients with liver disease were compared with 38 normal subjects. Patients with a clinically hyperdynamic circulation, finger clubbing, and previous portocaval anastomoses were included in the study. The changes in forearm skeletal muscle blood flow and pulse rate caused by a head-up tilt of 70 degrees were measured in 15 patients with chronic liver disease and 15 age-matched controls. Head-up tilting resulted in significantly less peripheral vasoconstriction and tachycardia in the group with liver disease than in the control group. These results suggest an impairment of baroreceptor-mediated sympathetic reactivity in liver disease. Such a defect might explain the relative rarity of hypertension in patients with cirrhosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

Serum autoantibodies and immunoglobulins in hepatitis-associated antigen (HAA)-positive and -negative liver disease.

Serum immunoglobulin G, A, and M and serum antinuclear, mitochondrial, and smooth muscle antibody have been measured in 223 patients with hepatitis-associated antigen (HAA)-positive and -negative acute and chronic liver disease. In patients with acute hepatitis, chronic persistent hepatitis, and primary liver cell carcinoma, these indices failed to show any significant differences. However, in the group with chronic aggressive hepatitis the patients who were HAA negative had significantly higher levels of serum IgG, much higher titres of smooth muscle antibody, and often antinuclear and mitochondrial antibodies which were not found in the HAA-positive patients from this group. This suggests that different pathogenic mechanisms may be operative in HAA-positive and -negative chronic aggressive hepatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1973

Asymptomatic primary biliary cirrhosis.

Four asymptomatic patients are described with raised serum alkaline phosphatase values and a positive serum mitochondrial antibody test. In all four needle liver biopsy showed destructive bile duct lesions. Lymphocyte transformation to phytohaemagglutinin was normal in three and impaired in one who also suffered from rheumatoid arthritis. Two patients showed normal skin and serological test responses to dinitrochlorobenzene and haemocyanin. These four patients are believed to be suffering from asymptomatic primary biliary cirrhosis.

Adult↗