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Biomedical subjects

S Sharma

Publications and source records attributed to S Sharma.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Management of idiopathic obstruction of the hepatic and suprahepatic inferior vena cava with a self-expanding metallic stent.

Ten patients (median age 36 yr, 5 male) with idiopathic IVC obstruction underwent balloon angioplasty followed by placement of a self-expanding stent due to unfavourable lesion characteristics. Six had total occlusion, 5 had restenosis (including 2 with total occlusion), and 1 had a suboptimal result after initial dilatation. Median minimum IVC diameter increased from 0 to 14.5 mm, and the median gradient across the lesion decreased from 16.5 to 1 mmHg. Follow-up venography (median interval 69 d) in six patients revealed no restenosis with further enlargement at the lesion site (median 4.5 mm) and abolition of gradients. Follow-up ultrasound in nine patients revealed no restenosis in the IVC. One patient died 6 mo after the procedure with acute Budd-Chiari syndrome due to hepatic vein occlusion. Autopsy revealed a widely patent stent with hepatic vein thrombus. Stent implantation is useful in the management of IVC obstruction with prior restenosis, total occlusion, or suboptimal result of balloon angioplasty.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for the management of severe venoocclusive disease following bone marrow transplantation.

Hepatic venoocclusive disease (VOD) is a common, life-threatening complication of bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Portal hypertension is usually present and accounts for many of the clinical manifestations of this syndrome. We describe the results of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) for the management of VOD after BMT TIPS was performed in six patients with histologically confirmed VOD who had progressive jaundice and ascites. Portal hypertension was improved by TIPS in all patients (mean portal pressure gradient before TIPS, 20.2 +/- 4.6 vs. 6.7 +/- 1.9 mm Hg post-TIPS, P < .004). Three patients who underwent TIPS late in the course of VOD did not demonstrate any clinical improvement after TIPS and expired within 2 weeks of the procedure. The remaining three patients had less advanced disease and demonstrated decreases in serum bilirubin, improvement in coagulopathy, and decreased ascites after TIPS. Two patients subsequently expired, one with persistent histological changes of VOD. The lone survivor continues to do well with resolution of ascites, jaundice, and coagulopathy as of her last outpatient visit. TIPS was an effective method for portal decompression in patients with VOD after BMT, and was associated with clinical improvement in some patients. However, these effects may be transient and may not improve overall survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Use of in vitro assays to predict the efficacy of chemopreventive agents in whole animals.

Five in vitro assays have been applied to screen the efficacy of potential chemopreventive agents. These assays measure a) inhibition of morphological transformation in rat tracheal epithelial (RTE) cells, b) inhibition of anchorage independence in human lung tumor (A427) cells, c) inhibition of hyperplastic alveolar nodule formation in mouse mammary organ cultures (MMOC), d) inhibition of anchorage independence in mouse JB6 epidermal cells, and e) the inhibition of calcium tolerance in human foreskin epithelial cells. The efficacy of many of these same agents in whole animal studies of lung, colon, mammary gland, skin, and urinary bladder carcinogenesis has also been measured. The aim herein is to estimate the positive and negative predictive values of these in vitro assays against whole animal chemopreventive efficacy data using the same chemicals. For three of these assays--using RTE, A427 cells and mouse mammary organ culture (MMOC)-enough data are available to allow the estimate to be made. Such extrapolations of in vitro data to the in vivo situation are difficult at best. There are many dissimilarities between the two assay systems. The in vitro assays use respiratory and mammary epithelial cells, while the in vivo assays use respiratory, mammary, colon, bladder and skin cells. The in vitro assays use the carcinogens benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) and 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA), while the in vivo assays use B(a)P, DMBA, N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU), N,N'-diethylnitrosamine (DEN), azoxymethane (AOM), and N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosoamine (OH-BBN). There are vast differences in pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics in vitro and in vivo, yet it is possible to rapidly screen chemicals in vitro for efficacy at one-tenth the cost and complete tests in weeks instead of months. A positive in vitro assay was defined as a 20% inhibition (compared with control) for the RTE and A427 assays and a 60% inhibition for the MMOC assay at nontoxic concentrations. For in vivo assays, the criterion for a positive result was a statistically significant inhibition of incidence, multiplicity or a significant increase in latency (mean time to first tumor). For an agent to be considered negative in animals, it required negative results in at least two different organ systems and no positive results. Using the battery of three in vitro tests, the positive predictive value for having one, two, or three positive in vitro assays and at least one positive whole animal test was 76%, 80%, and 83% respectively. The negative predictive values for one, two or all three in vitro assays was 25%, 27%, and 50%. From these data it is observed that in vitro assays give valuable positive predictive values and less valuable negative predictive values. The mechanisms of chemoprevention are not well understood. Seven categories of agents were examined for their cancer preventing both in vitro and in vivo: antiinflammatories, antioxidants, arachadonic acid metabolism inhibitors, GSH inducers, GST inducers, ODC inhibitors, and PKC inhibitors. Three or even five in vitro assays cannot be all-inclusive of the many mechanisms of cancer prevention. However, three assays help to predict whole animal efficacy with reasonable positive predictive values. Much work and development remains to be done to rapidly identify new chemopreventive drugs.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

A grading study of gliomas using computer aided malignancy classification and histologic morphometry.

Forty three cases of astrocytic tumors and mixed gliomas were studied with the aim of evaluating the reproducibility of the Kernohan grading system vis a vis (a) grading using computer-aided malignancy classifier TESTAST 268 and (b) grading by quantitative morphometric evaluation of the various histological parameters of TESTAST 268. These patients were then followed up for variable periods with a maximum of forty months. High inter and intra-observer variability were observed in the Kernohan grading system. TESTAST 268 was found to be simpler, rapid and more reproducible. However, one drawback observed of this system was that it did not completely eliminate inter-observer variability because there was still some subjectivity in assignment of the categorical values against the histological features. Morphometric evaluation of the semi-quantitative assignment values of the 4 histological variables in the TESTAST 268 classifier using Zeiss Morphomat-30 revealed a statistically significant difference between the clusters of the measured quantitative values. A repeat grading using TESTAST 268 and categorical assignment values of histological features derived from the absolute values obtained by morphometry resulted in complete elimination of inter-observer variability. Thus, this study highlights the importance of objectivisation using TESTAST 268 and histologic morphometry in the grading of gliomas. However, since this is a preliminary study on a small number of cases, no cut off values of these measurements have been proposed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Lipopolysaccharide-induced resistance in mice against ascending urinary tract infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Protective effect of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigen of Klebsiella pneumoniae was tested against ascending-mode urinary tract infection in BALB/c and LACA strains of mice. LPS was given by two different routes; LPS was found to be protective (whatever the application route) since colonization with the challenge organism was significantly lower in both cases as compared with unimmunized mice. A maximum decrease in bacterial count in the kidney of LPS-treated animals was observed on challenge after a 4-d treatment.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1996

Esmolol blunts the haemodynamic responses to tracheal intubation in treated hypertensive patients.

PURPOSE: To compare the ability of different bolus doses of esmolol to blunt the haemodynamic effects of laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation in treated hypertensive patients. METHODS: In this randomised, double-blind placebo controlled study, 45 ASA II patients, treated for essential hypertension with drugs other than beta blockers, were divided into three groups of 15 patients each. Patients in different groups either received 20 ml normal saline (Group P), or 100 mg esmolol (Group E100) or 200 mg esmolol (Group E200) as a single bolus intravenous dose before laryngoscopy and intubation. Systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure and heart rate were monitored for up to 10 min following intubation and were compared with respective basal readings as well as across groups. RESULTS: Esmolol alone reduced systolic arterial pressure (P < 0.01 in Group E100 and P < 0.001 in Group E200) and heart rate (P < 0.001). Though there was an increase in arterial pressure and heart rate in the control group, esmolol 100 mg maintained arterial pressure and heart rate at levels comparable to basal values throughout the study (P > 0.05). Patients receiving esmolol 200 mg had lower values (P < 0.001) than their basal readings during most of the post-intubation study period. CONCLUSION: Esmolol 100 mg given as bolus, is effective as well as safe in blunting the haemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation in treated hypertensive patients.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1996

Pharmacotherapeutic education through problem based learning and its impact on cognitive and motivational attitude of Indian students.

OBJECTIVE: The cognitive and motivational attitudes to problem based learning (i.e., simple didactic problem stated in written form and Programmed Patient) has been compared with those to didactic lectures (DL), the traditional teaching method. The change in recall performance measured in MCQ tests was considered as a change in the cognitive domain. The first test was conducted one week after completion of the topic and second test was taken 3 months later, without prior information. The motivational change was recorded by open-ended questions about the learning method. Three groups of students at second MBBS professional year level consisting of 55, 57 and 59 people, were assigned a simple didactic problem stated in written form (SDP), programmed patients (PP), and didactic lecture (DL), respectively. RESULTS: The average scores obtained by the learners in problem based learning (PBL) groups were similar to the students in the DL group in both the tests. Most of the students in PBL groups appreciated the exercise and suggested including more such exercises in the curriculum. These exercises helped them to better understand patient problems and prescribing behaviour as well as in development of communication skills. However, these exercises were time consuming and were not examination oriented. CONCLUSION: Pharmacotherapeutic teaching through PBL could be used within a traditional curriculum to develop relevant and rational use of drugs, provided the evaluation method was also modified.

Association Learning↗
PubMed1996

In vitro flow experiments for determination of optimal geometry of total cavopulmonary connection for surgical repair of children with functional single ventricle.

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to evaluate the effect of offsetting cavopulmonary connections at varying pulmonary flow ratios to determine the optimal geometry of the connection. BACKGROUND: Previous investigators have demonstrated energy conservation within the streamlined contours of the total cavopulmonary connection compared with that of the atriopulmonary connection. However, their surgical design of connecting the two cavae directly opposite each other may result in high energy losses. Others have introduced a unidirectional connection with some advantages but with concerns about the formation of arteriovenous malformation in the lung excluded from hepatic venous return. Thus, an optimal surgical design has not been determined. METHODS: In the present models, the caval connections were offset through a range of 0.0 to 2.0 diameters by 0.5 superior cava diameter increments. Flow ratios were fixed for superior and inferior cavae and varied for right and left pulmonary arteries as 70:30, 60:40, 50:50, 40:60 and 30:70 to stimulate varying lung resistance. Pressure measurements and flow visualization were done at steady flows of 2, 4 and 6 liters/min to stimulate rest and exercise. RESULTS: Our data show that the energy losses at the 0.0-diameter offset were double the losses of the 1.0 and 1.5 diameters, which had minimal energy losses. This result was attributable to chaotic patterns seen on flow visualization in the 0.0-diameters offset. Energy savings were more evident at the 50:50 right/left pulmonary artery ratio. Energy losses increased with increased total flow rates. CONCLUSIONS: The results strongly suggest the incorporation of caval offsets in future total cavopulmonary connections.

Child↗
PubMed1996

Ventilatory management of pulmonary contusion patients.

BACKGROUND: The goal of this study was to evaluate two modes of mechanical ventilation in patients with pulmonary contusion: pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) and volume-controlled ventilation (VCV). METHODS: One hundred and thirty-five patients with pulmonary contusion, defined as an infiltrate on admission chest x-ray and hypoxemia, were treated over 45 months; 59 patients who required more than 48 hours of mechanical ventilation were initially managed with VCV. RESULTS: Twenty patients were converted from VCV to PCV when pulmonary function deteriorated. With PCV, peak inspiratory pressure decreased from 49 +/- 1 to 31 +/- 1 cm H2O, the alveolar-arterial oxygen difference decreased from 491 +/- 36 mm Hg to 300 +/- 36 mm Hg. These findings were significantly different (P < 0.05, by Student's paired t-test). Twenty patients managed with PCV had equivalent duration of mechanical ventilation and days in intensive care units to 39 patients with less pulmonary dysfunction managed with VCV. None of the 10 patients who died expired from pulmonary failure. CONCLUSIONS: PCV is an alternative mode to VCV in patients with poorly compliant lungs after pulmonary contusion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Trends and outcomes after prenatal diagnosis of congenital cardiac malformations by fetal echocardiography in a well defined birth population, Atlanta, Georgia, 1990-1994.

OBJECTIVES: In this study we used a population-based approach to assess the impact of fetal echocardiography on a well defined birth population with nearly complete ascertainment of cardiac defects. BACKGROUND: Although fetal echocardiography is being used more frequently in the prenatal diagnosis of congenital cardiac malformations, its impact on the diagnosis and surveillance of cardiac defects has not been described in defined populations. METHODS: All stillborn and live-born infants with diagnosed cardiac defects and whose mothers resided in the metropolitan Atlanta area from January 1990 through December 1994 were ascertained through an established birth defects surveillance system. All fetuses with cardiac defects diagnosed prenatally by a pediatric of cardiac defects, diagnostic trends and adverse fetal outcomes were described. RESULTS: We identified 1,589 infants with congenital cardiac malformations, for a live-birth prevalence rate of 8.1/1,000 (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.8 to 8.6). Overall, 97 (6.1%) of these cases of cardiac malformations were diagnosed prenatally. The proportion of cardiac defects diagnosed prenatally rose from 2.6% in 1990 to 12.7% in 1994, a nearly fivefold increase. The proportion of cardiac defects diagnosed prenatally during the study varied by the type of defect, from a low of 4.7% for atrial septal defects to a high of 28% for hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Prenatally diagnosed cardiac malformations were associated with a high incidence of infant mortality (30.9%, 95% CI 2.4 to 5.4) and fetal wastage (17.5%, 95% CI 6.2 to 11.3). CONCLUSIONS: These data show that fetal echocardiography is being used increasingly in the prenatal diagnosis of congenital cardiac malformations in metropolitan Atlanta. Few pregnancy terminations were reported as a result of such diagnoses. However, the study had limited power (10%) to detect a meaningful decrease in birth prevalence rates for congenital heart disease. In addition, survival of infants was not improved after prenatal diagnosis with fetal echocardiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

1alpha,25-dihydroxy-24-oxo-16-ene vitamin D3, a metabolite of a synthetic vitamin D3 analog, 1alpha,25-dihydroxy-16-ene vitamin D3, is equipotent to its parent in modulating growth and differentiation of human leukemic cells.

1alpha,25(OH)2-16-ene-D3, a synthetic analog of the steroid hormone, 1alpha,25(OH)2D3, has great potential to become a drug in the treatment of leukemia and other proliferative disorders, because of its minimal in vivo calcemic activity associated with a potent inhibitory effect on cell growth. However, at present, the mechanisms through which 1alpha,25(OH)2-16-ene-D3 expresses its biological activities are still not completely understood. Our previous in vitro study in a perfused rat kidney indicated for the first time that 1alpha,25(OH)2-16-ene-D3 and 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 are metabolized differently. 1alpha,25(OH)2-24-oxo-16-ene-D3, an intermediary metabolite of 1alpha,25(OH)2-16-ene-D3 formed through the C-24 oxidation pathway, accumulated significantly in the perfusate when compared to 1alpha,25(OH)2-24-oxo-D3, the corresponding intermediary metabolite of 1alpha,25(OH)2D3. In a subsequent in vivo study, we also reported that 1alpha,25(OH)2-24-oxo-16-ene-D3 exerted immunosuppressive activity equal to its parent, without causing significant hypercalcemia. In order to establish further the critical role of 1alpha,25(OH)2-24-oxo-16-ene-D3, in generating some of the key biological activities ascribed to its parent, we performed the present in vitro study using a human myeloid leukemic cell line (RWLeu-4) as a model. Comparative target tissue metabolism studies indicated that 1alpha,25(OH)2-16-ene-D3 and 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 are metabolized differently in RWLeu-4 cells, and the differences were similar to the ones we previously observed in the rat kidney. The significant finding was the accumulation of 1alpha,25(OH)2-24-oxo-16-ene-D3 in RWLeu-4 cells because of its resistance to further metabolism. Biological activity studies indicated that both 1alpha,25(OH)2-16-ene-D3 and its 24-oxo metabolite produced growth inhibition and promoted differentiation of RWLeu-4 cells to the same extent, and these activities were several fold higher than those exerted by 1alpha,25(OH)2D3. In addition, the genomic action of each vitamin D compound was assessed in a rat osteosarcoma cell line (ROS 17/2.8) by measuring its ability to transactivate a gene construct containing the vitamin D response element of the osteocalcin gene linked to the growth hormone reporter gene. In these studies, both 1alpha,25(OH)2-16-ene-D3 and its 24-oxo metabolite exerted similar but potent transactivation activity which was several fold greater than that exerted by 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 itself. In summary, our results indicate that the production and slow clearance of the bioactive intermediary metabolite, 1alpha,25(OH)2-24-oxo-16-ene-D3, in RWLeu-4 cells contributes significantly to the final expression of the enhanced biological activities ascribed to its parent analog, 1alpha,25(OH)2-16-ene-D3.

Calcitriol↗
PubMed1996

Gastrointestinal complications after orthotopic cardiac transplantation.

OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed on all patients undergoing orthotopic cardiac allograft transplant at Oregon Health Sciences University. Our purpose was to evaluate the incidence of gastrointestinal complications in these patients, and to assess the effect of immunosuppression. RESULTS: From December, 1985, to June, 1994, 240 recipients underwent 250 orthotopic cardiac allograft transplants at Oregon Health Sciences University with a 30 day mortality of 15 patients (6.3 +/- 3.0%). Of the 225 operative survivors, the follow-up ranges from 1.0 month to 8.8 years with a mean of 39.9 +/- 1.9 months. In our population of late survivors, 21 recipients (9.3%) have had gastrointestinal complications (GIC). Hepatobiliary (29%), peptic ulcer (14%), and pancreatic (14%) complications were the most prevalent. Surgical intervention was required in 19 patients (90%). Twelve procedures (63%) were either emergently or urgently performed, and seven procedures (37%) carried out electively. Operative mortality was 33% in those patients with an emergent or urgent intervention. There was no operative mortality among those who had an elective procedure. CONCLUSION: Maintenance prednisone dose was higher in patients with GIC than in those patients without GIC, 16.1 +/- 2.5 mg versus 7.3 +/- 0.2 mg (P = 0.001), respectively. However, immunosuppression therapy for rejection episodes (i.e., Solumedrol megapulse or OKT3 therapy) was not related to an increased incidence of GIC. We present a review of our 21 cardiac transplant recipients to emphasize the potential for severe GIC and their corresponding perioperative morbidity and mortality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Atrial switch (Senning procedure) in the era of the arterial switch operation: current indications and results.

OBJECTIVE: Since 1990, the policy at Oregon Health Sciences University is to perform an arterial switch for all patients with transposition of the great arteries. In the last four years we have performed the Senning operation in two patients. Our impression is that the long-term results with Senning procedure at our center are quite good. This prompted a review of our experience with this procedure. METHODS: A retrospective review of all patients' charts was undertaken to document preoperative and operative clinical variables. During follow-up, emphasis was placed on reviewing all cardiology clinic charts, transthoracic echocardiograms and ambulatory holter monitor logs. Transthoracic echocardiograms and 24 hour Holter monitoring were performed yearly on all patients during follow-up. RESULTS: Since September, 1982, 54 patients underwent the Senning operation for transposition of the great arteries. All patients were palliated at birth with the Rashkind atrial septostomy. The interatrial septum was reconstructed with a dacron patch, and the systemic and pulmonary venous baffles were constructed with autogenous atrial tissue. All but 2 patients underwent profound hypothermia and total circulatory arrest during their operative repair. Of 54 patients, early mortality occurred in 5 patients (9%). Follow-up is complete for the 49 operative survivors. The length of follow-up ranges from 6.0 months to 12.1 years (mean 6.4 +/- 0.5 years). There are no late deaths. Forty-five patients (94%) are in NYHA Class I. All late survivors are in sinus rhythm with brief episodes of junctional rhythm (32 patients). CONCLUSIONS: Our series demonstrates that the Senning operation can be safely performed in early infancy. Further, it provides excellent symptomatic and clinical outcomes during late follow-up. Thus, in the era of the arterial switch procedure, close and complete late follow-up results with the Senning procedure, as in this series, should be considered the benchmark in the continued evaluation of the arterial switch operation.

Arteries↗
PubMed1996

Reactive oxygen species-mediated tissue injury in experimental ascending pyelonephritis.

Pyelonephritis is the most common urinary tract infection in females, but the pathogenetic mechanisms are not well understood. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated as cause of injury in several renal diseases. In this study, we have demonstrated the role of ROS in pathogenesis of pyelonephritis in Balb/c mice. A clear correlation between extent of ROS generation and subsequent lipid peroxidation and DNA damage in kidneys was observed during the course of infection, from 2 to 14 days. Activities of brush border membrane marker enzymes were also significantly altered. Administration of antioxidants, superoxide dismutase, catalase and dimethylsulfoxide significantly reversed the histopathological changes, reduced the extent of lipid peroxidation in renal brush border membrane, and also reversed the altered enzyme activities to near normal situation. These results clearly suggest that interaction of ROS with various cellular organelles in kidneys has a significant deleterious effect, and this could be the underlying mechanism for renal dysfunction in pyelonephritis.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Urinary excretion of adrenocortical steroid metabolites by pre-term human infants: trends from birth until 3 months post term.

We report trends in urinary steroid excretion in serial 24 hour collections made using a novel method based on "Supersorb" type disposable nappies. Using capillary column gas chromatography, we quantified nine cortisol metabolites (FM) and 11 steroid sulphates (SM) in 6 infants born at 29-31 weeks gestation on 9 occasions until 24 weeks post delivery. In all infants, SM excretion increased progressively until 33-39 weeks (mean 36.8) post conception to maxima of (all values mg/24 h) 2.6-11.7 and then declined to 5-15% of peak values at the end of the study period in 4 infants born after a period of labour but to only 54 and 71% in 2 infants born without labour. FM levels showed a wide range which was not correlated with body weight, eg: on week 1, 0.06-0.20 and on week 24, 0.15-0.72. progression over this period was essentially linear. The ratio (mean (SD)) of 11-oxo/11-hydroxy metabolites decreased from 10.0 (8.2) to 2.3 (0.4) in the same period, p = < 0.10, while that of 20-oxo/20-hydroxy metabolites increased from 0.18 (0.07) to 1.08 (0.42), p = < 0.04. The ratio of metabolites with 5 oxygen functions relative to 6 increased from 0.38 (0.16) to 1.36 (0.43), p = < 0.04. Excretion of 5 alpha-tetrahydrocortisol began to rise at 44-47 wk post conception, but, unexpectedly, that of the 5 beta epimer began to rise sooner, at 39-41 wk, reaching a peak at 44-51 wk and then declining. The ratio of 5 beta/5 alpha epimers was 11.71 (11.1) at the peak and 1.14 (0.87) at 24 weeks, p = < 0.07. We conclude that, using a collection method which is reliable, non-stressful and repeatable at frequent intervals, new information on the evolution of steroid secretion and metabolism postpartum is emerging.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1996

Interleukin-8 inhibits non-small cell lung cancer proliferation: a possible role for regulation of tumor growth by autocrine and paracrine pathways.

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is an 8 kD chemokine and angiogenic factor produced by alveolar macrophages, endothelial cells, monocytes, fibroblasts, T lymphocytes, and epithelial cells in response to a variety of stimuli, including LPS, TNF-alpha, IL-1, IL-7, and hypoxia. Pulmonary tumors produce a variety of growth factors and cytokines that may act in both autocrine and paracrine fashion. A549, a well-characterized human lung adenocarcinoma line, was cloned for different levels of IL-8 production by limiting dilution. Clone 3B4 produced 361 +/- 73 pg/ml, and clone 2B2 produced 7818 +/- 614 pg/ml of IL-8 (p = 0.003). Clone 3B4 proliferated at 1.7 times the rate of 2B2. Anti-IL-8 reversed the decrement in proliferation of clone 2B2 by 50%, but recombinant IL-8 decreased the proliferation of 3B4 by 40-55% compared with control. In addition to A549, three other non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lines showed significantly decreased proliferation in response to exogenous recombinant IL-8 (5-30 ng/ml; p < 0.05). These findings suggest that in addition to its chemotactic and angiogenic activities, IL-8 may inhibit lung tumor proliferation by both autocrine and paracrine pathways.

Antigens, CD↗