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Biomedical subjects

S Shapiro

Publications and source records attributed to S Shapiro.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Hypotension due to chlorpromazine. Relation to cigarette smoking, blood pressure, and dosage.

The frequency of hypotension attributed to orally administered chlorpromazine hydrochloride was compared among 187 nonsmokers, 223 "light" smokers, 87 "intermediate" smokers, and 18 "heavy" smokers. Hypotension attributed to the drug occurred in10%, 8%, 5% and 0%, respectively. Other factors found to be independently related to hypotension were high diastolic blood pressure on admission and high dosage of chlorpromazine. The results suggest that smoking status, dosage, and blood pressure must be evaluated in order to estimate the likelihood that a patient may become hypotensive after receiving chlorpromazine.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

Visualization of the spleen with a bone-seeking radionuclide in a child with sickle-cell anemia.

99mTc-methylene diphosphonate, a bone-seeking radionuclide, accumulated in the spleen of a 16-year-old boy with sickle-cell anemia even though no splenic calcification was visible. This may be explained by the presence of microscopic calcium deposits in the spleen, which form at an early age in this disease. Bone-seeking radionuclides may accumulate in regions of recent splenic infarction, as has been demonstrated in cerebral and myocardial infarction. Such radionuclides may be the only means of demonstrating the spleen in such patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

A large-scale purification of phosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylcholine by high performance liquid chromatography: a partial resolution of molecular species.

Egg yolk phospholipids, on a 10 g scale, were resolved by high-performance liquid chromatography on an 8-m silica column with elution by a stepwise chloroformmethanol gradient into homogenous phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine, and lysophosphatidylethanolamine fractions. Within these fractions, partial resolution on the basis of fatty acyl side chain composition was achieved.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1977

Pseudo-pseudohypoparathyroidism, empty sella syndrome, and hypopituitarism in a young woman.

The confluence of pseudo-pseudohypoparathyroidism, empty sella syndrome, and pituitary insufficiency is reported for the first time. The patient, an 18-year-old woman, was evaluated because of primary amenorrhea. Possible relations between the three entities described are discussed and the appearance of pituitary hypofunction in patients with the empty sella syndrome is emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Psychiatric syndromes and the airport.

The occurrence of psychiatric reactions at a large airport was studied in terms of both dynamic elements operating in the patients as well as aspects of the airport that might attract patients who are in an acutely decompensated state. Three types of phenomena are delineated--the transient, neurotic and psychotic syndromes. The focus is on the last group and clinical examples are offered regarding the choice of the airport and the magnetic effect this setting has for a particular group of disturbed patients. The relationships of irrationally formulated ideas associated with separation from the family and wishes for reuniting are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Aspirin and congenital malformations.

In a cohort of 50 282 gravidas and their offspring in the U.S.A., malformation rates were similar in the children of 35 418 women not exposed to aspirin, 9736 with intermediate exposure, and 5128 women heavily exposed during the first four lunar months of pregnancy. After controlling a wide range of potential confounding factors using multi-variate analysis, the observed and expected numbers for a variety of malformation categories were similar in all three comparison groups. The data suggest that aspirin is not teratogenic.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1976

Perinatal mortality and birth-weight in relation to aspirin taken during pregnancy.

In a cohort of 41 337 gravidas and their offspring in the U.S.A. there was no evidence that aspirin taken in pregnancy is a cause of stillbirth, neonatal death, or reduced birth-weight. The women were divided into those who were not exposed to aspirin (14 956), those with intermediate exposure (24 866), and those who were heavily exposed (1515). Stillbirth-rates were similar for all three groups. Differences in neonatal death-rates and mean birth-weights were slight and none were statistically significant. Trends were opposite among approximately equal numbers of White and Black children.

Aspirin↗
PubMed1976

Anticonvulsants and parental epilepsy in the development of birth defects.

The results of two studies, one in Finland and one in the U.S.A., raise the possibility that fetal damage previously attributed to phenytoin and other anticonvulsant drugs, principally phenobarbitone, may be due to epilepsy itself. In the U.S.A., drug-exposure information was collected before delivery in a cohort of 50 282 mother/child pairs. The total malformation rate in 305 children born to epileptic mothers was 10.5%, as against 6.4% in the remainder (p less than 0.01); corresponding rates for major malformations were 6.6% and 2.7%. When the fathers had epilepsy, the malformation-rates in their children were intermediate. The rates did not vary significantly according to maternal anticonvulsants therapy. Mental and motor scores as 8 months of age, and intelligence quotient scores at 4 years were lower in children of epileptic mothers, but not in children of epileptic fathers. The scores showed only random variation according to maternal anticonvulsant therapy. In Finland, 2784 children with craniofacial anomalies were compared with an equal number of normal children; 8 and 2 mothers, respectively, received anticonvulsants, while pregnant, for epilepsy. In that study, the separate effects of the disease and its treatmet could not be evaluated. Both studies did not find evidence of fetal damage when phenobarbitone was taken for indications other than epilepsy.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1976

Preventive and episodic health care of inner-city children.

Children in low-income, inner-city households who used different sources of ambulatory care were analyzed with regard to their experiences in securing preventive and episodic illness care. This analysis is derived from a larger study that investigated the utilization of health care systems by groups within an inner-city community; it focused on the Outpatient Department of a large teaching hospital and on the impact of a new Health Maintenance Organization (HMO). Data were obtained through household interviews of three sample populations: enrollees in an HMO, residents of a public housing project, and persons from the general community. When preventive health care was examined, our findings showed that, while the majority of children of school age were immunized, only about half of the children under age 6 were. Among children aged 3 through 5, those attending day care centers were more likely to be immunized than those not in such programs. There were indications that children using the HMO were more frequently receiving preventive services, particularly general physical examinations. There was no relationship between the usual source of care, or day care participation, and whether a child received care for an episode of illness. There were differences by age and usual source of care in seeking care for earaches and in receiving regular care for asthma. The patterns of health care utilization found in this study promote interest in the influence of the source of ambulatory care for children in other socioeconomic groups.

Adolescent↗