[A new method of analysis of medical prescriptions in the district].
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Computers↗
Biomedical subjects
S Schuster
Publications and source records attributed to S Schuster.
[On the growth of the pancreatic cells of mammals as monolayer cultures. I. Culture methods, morphology and insulin content].
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Animals↗
The modelling of metabolic systems. Structure, control and optimality.
This article gives an overview of recent developments in the modelling of the structure, control and optimality of metabolic networks. In particular, methods of algebraically analysing the topology of such networks are presented. By these methods, conservation relations and elementary modes of functioning (biochemical routes) can be detected. The principles of metabolic control analysis are outlined. Various recent extensions of this theory are presented, such as an analysis in terms of time dependent variables and modular analysis. Evolutionary optimisation principles are applied to explain the catalytic efficiency of single enzymes as well as the structural design of metabolic pathways. Special results concern the optimal distribution of ATP consuming and ATP producing reactions in glycolysis.
Catalysis↗
Detection of central pulmonary artery thromboemboli by transesophageal echocardiography in patients with severe pulmonary embolism.
Transthoracic echocardiography generally provides only indirect signs of pulmonary embolism. In contrast, with transesophageal echocardiography the thromboembolus itself can be visualized in the central parts of the pulmonary artery. The aims of our study were to evaluate, first, the incidence of central pulmonary artery thromboemboli in patients with severe pulmonary embolism, and second, the accuracy of the echocardiographic diagnosis. Our study group comprised 60 patients with proved severe pulmonary embolism. All patients were examined by transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography. The echocardiographic findings concerning the absence or presence of central pulmonary artery thromboemboli were compared with the results of different reference methods. Central pulmonary thromboemboli were found in 35 patients (58.3%) by echocardiography. Two types of thrombus were differentiated. Type A is a long, highly mobile thrombus, and type B is an immobile wall-adherent thrombus. In comparison with the reference methods, we determined a sensitivity of 96.7% and a specificity of 88% for the echocardiographic detection of central pulmonary artery thromboemboli in patients with severe pulmonary embolism. Transesophageal echocardiography seems to be a useful method for the diagnosis of severe pulmonary embolism. In our series, central pulmonary artery thromboemboli were present in more than half of the patients. In these cases, transesophageal echocardiography can clarify the diagnosis within a few minutes without further invasive diagnostic procedures.
Adult↗
Metabolic pathway analysis: basic concepts and scientific applications in the post-genomic era.
This article reviews the relatively short history of metabolic pathway analysis. Computer-aided algorithms for the synthesis of metabolic pathways are discussed. Important algebraic concepts used in pathway analysis, such as null space and convex cone, are explained. It is demonstrated how these concepts can be translated into meaningful metabolic concepts. For example, it is shown that the simplest vectors spanning the region of all admissible fluxes in stationary states, for which the term elementary flux modes was coined, correspond to fundamental pathways in the system. The concepts are illustrated with the help of a reaction scheme representing the glyoxylate cycle and adjacent reactions of aspartate and glutamate synthesis. The interrelations between pathway analysis and metabolic control theory are outlined. Promising applications for genome annotation and for biotechnological purposes are discussed. Armed with a better understanding of the architecture of cellular metabolism and the enormous amount of genomic data available today, biochemists and biotechnologists will be able to draw the entire metabolic map of a cell and redesign it by rational and directed metabolic engineering.
Biotechnology↗