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Biomedical subjects

S Schroeder

Publications and source records attributed to S Schroeder.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

5-year follow-up study of children with low-to-moderate lead absorption: electrophysiological evaluation.

Forty-nine children aged 6 to 12 years were evaluated for residual effects of lead exposure using psychometric, electrophysiological, and medical tests 5 years after initial assessment. The original range of blood lead (PbB) levels was 6-59 (mean = 28) micrograms/dl; the current range was 6-30 (mean = 14) micrograms/dl. A linear relationship between PbB and slow brain wave voltage during sensory conditioning was observed at initial evaluation and at 2-year follow-up. No significant relationship between PbB and slow wave voltage during passive conditioning was found at the 5-year follow-up, although a linear increase in slow wave negativity relative to the current PbB level during active conditioning was suggested by exploratory analyses. Another exploratory analysis revealed a significant linear relationship between the original PbB levels and the latency of waves III and V of the brainstem auditory evoked potential. The latency of both waves increased as a function of original PbB. Increased latency of these waves is suggestive of subclinical pathology of the auditory pathway rostral to the cochlear nucleus, although end-organ impairment cannot be ruled out. No threshold for the effect of Pb on auditory function was apparent.

Brain↗
PubMed1983

Bedside chest radiography: diagnostic efficacy.

In order to evaluate the efficacy of bedside chest radiography, a prospective study was completed of 140 patients admitted to the surgical and medical intensive care units over a two-month period. A total of 1132 consecutive bedside radiographs was analyzed for malposition of tubes and lines and interval changes in the cardiopulmonary findings. The median number of bedside radiographs per patient was 0.7 per day. Endotracheal or tracheostomy tubes were present in 54% of all examinations; among these 12% were malpositioned. Central venous catheters were present in 47%; among these 9% were malpositioned. Interval changes regarding cardiopulmonary findings (pneumothorax, collapse, diffuse or focal infiltrate, effusion, and congestive heart failure) were present in 44% of the radiographs after the admission one. Overall there were new findings or changes affecting the patient's management present in 65% of the radiographs. The use of bedside radiography appeared to be appropriate.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Stenosis of the lumber spine. Clinical picture, diagnosis, treatment (author's transl)].

Disc herniation is the most common reason for sciatica followed by osseous entrapment syndromes of the cauda equina. The osseous entrapment of nervous structures is possible within 3 segments of the spinal canal, the center, the recess and the intervertebral foramen. In all cases there is a disproportion of the size of the nervous structures and osseous gliding space. Central lumbar spinal stenosis is associated in 70% with limping (neurogenic claudication) which is often misinterpreted as vascular claudication. Clinic, diagnosis, therapy of lumbar spinal stenosis is described.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Quantitative evaluation, indications and value of computer tomography of the lumbar spine].

Beside demonstrating morphological changes, CT enables one to make quantitative measurements of the spinal canal (sagittal diameter, transverse diameter, area of the spinal canal, width of the lateral recess and symmetry of the articular joints). A reduction of the transverse diameter of the spinal canal or asymmetry of the articular joints is associated with an increased and earlier incidence of back pain. In addition, patients with asymmetrical vertebral joints showed more frequent and earlier development of disc prolapse.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Bracing and supporting of the lumbar spine.

The orthopaedic surgeon should be familiar with various supports and braces for the treatment of low back pain. Severe cases of spinal instability always need a Hohmann overbridging brace, whereas the milder form of motion-segment instability is treated with one of the elastic supports. In cases of osteoporosis of the spine and insufficiency of the lumbosacral junction the Lindemann 2/3 semi-elastic brace is prescribed.

Back Pain↗
PubMed1981

Phagocytosis of gelatin-latex particles by a murine macrophage line is dependent on fibronectin and heparin.

It has been suggested that fibronectin plays a role in clearing particles from the circulation by promoting binding to phagocytes of the reticuloendothelial system. By use of a well-defined system to investigate the possible opsonic role of fibronectin, we have studied the uptake of gelatin-coated latex particles by a murine macrophage cell line (P388D1). Fibronectin promotes binding of gelatin-coated beads to these cells in both suspension and monolayer cultures. In both cases there is a requirement for heparin as a cofactor. Other glycosaminoglycans (chondroitin sulfates A and C, dermatan sulfate, and keratan sulfate) were inactive, whereas heparan sulfate was somewhat active. Proof that beads were actually endocytosed was obtained by electron microscopy, which showed beads internalized in membrane-bounded vesicles, and by immunofluorescence analyses, using antibodies to fibronectin to stain external beads. Two rapid assays for the opsonic activity of fibronectin were developed based on differential centrifugation of cell-associated beads and on the immunofluorescence procedure. Binding and endocytosis were time- and temperature-dependent and varied with the amount of gelatin on the beads and with the concentrations of fibronectin and heparin added, and could be inhibited by F(ab')2 antifibronectin. These studies provide a sound basis for a detailed analysis of the interaction of fibronectin with the cell surface and of its involvement in endocytosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Sex-related differences in tumor progression associated with altered lymphocyte circulation.

Male and female ACI rats were inoculated with the syngeneic H-4-II-E hepatoma, and the natural history of the tumor, histopathology, and lymphocyte migration were studied. The tumor formed a.s.c. mass in all 16 males and in 22 of the 26 females given injections. In the males, tumors progressed, and all animals died with the mean survival time of 54 days. Complete tumor regression was observed in all but two females. In the females, there was prominent lymphocytic infiltration of the tumor, while males had no cellular reaction at the tumor site. The regional lymph nodes in males usually contained metastases and were nonreactive. The female lymph nodes did not contain metastases but contained many lymphocytes within the peripheral sinus and sinusoids. Six male-female pairs were castrated before tumor inoculation. Castration had no effect on the natural history or the etiology of the tumor. Comparing seven normal control male-female littermate pairs, there were no differences in lymphocyte accumulation in the lymph nodes 22 hr following injection of 51Cr-labeled syngeneic lymphocytes. In seven tumor-bearing male-female littermate pairs, there was a significant decrease in lymphocyte migration to the lymph nodes (p less than 0.001) in tumor-bearing males as compared to that in both their female littermates and control males. Depressed lymphocyte circulation in the males was associated with rapid progression of tumors resulting in the death of the animals. Unimpaired lymphocyte mobilization in the tumor-bearing females was associated with complete regression in most animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[CT-scanning of the lumbar spine (author's transl)].

Computertomography of the lumbar spine shows exactly shape and size of the spinal canal. CAT of Patient with chronic nerve root compression syndrom revealed mostly bony narrowness of the intervetebral notch, - foraminal entrapment -, and thickening of the laminae - laminar compression -. Following alterations were vissible by CT scanning Bony entrapment of the notch by degenerative hypertrophy of the facets. Idiopathic stenosis of the spinal canal. Developed stenosis of the spinal canal. Unilateral idiopathic narrowness of the recessus lateralis Spondylolysis. Postoperative calcification in the notch area. Prolapsed disc with and without contrastmedium Metastasis within L4 vertebra. Spondylitis tuberculosa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Computer tomography of the lumbar spine (author's transl)].

The scope of computer tomography in the diagnosis of abnormalities in the lumbar spine was investigated in 100 patients with lumbar pain. Computer tomography was found to be superior to other diagnostic procedures in demonstrating bony narrowing of the spinal canal. It can be used as an alternative to myelography for the demonstration of disc prolapse.

Humans↗