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Biomedical subjects

S Sawada

Publications and source records attributed to S Sawada.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

IL-2 enhancing factor(s) in B cell supernatants from patients with rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus.

Culture supernatants of B cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the active stage enhanced interleukin 2 (IL-2) dependent proliferation of CTLL A/J cells. This activity, designated B cell-derived growth-enhancing factor-2 (BGEF-2), was recovered by gel filtration of a molecular weight between 15,000 and 20,000. BGEF-2 itself did not show IL-2 activity nor IL-1 activity, and BGEF-2 activity was not detected in the following cytokines: Interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin 4 (IL-4), interleukin 5 (IL-5) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Furthermore, BGEF-2 was distinguishable from B cell-derived growth-enhancing factor described in a previous paper [Kang et al. (1987) J. Immunol., 139, 1154-1160]. BGEF-2 was produced by B cells from patients with RA or SLE only when the patients were in the active stage. BGEF-2 enhanced IL-2-dependent growth of peripheral blood T cells from patients with active RA, but did not enhance the growth of T cells from healthy volunteers. These results suggest that BGEF-2 is a B cell-derived lymphokine which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of RA and SLE.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Study on precision during articulator handling].

Using several brands of articulators, the precision involved in the manipulation of them was examined. First of all, the extent of three-dimensional displacement caused in the upper frame was examined when the 'Inclination of sagittal condyle path' (I.S.C.P.) and the 'Inclination of sagittal incisal path' (I.S.I.P.) of articulators were adjusted. Secondly, the displacement was measured, which is caused as it was loaded statically to the center of the upper frame. Thirdly, the vertical displacement of the upper frame and cast were measured when the cast is mounted by the plaster. Following results were obtained. The various displacement occurred between the upper and lower frame during articulator handling. After all, the rigidity or the precision of articulators should be taken into consideration, and the I.S.C.P. should be adjusted to 30 degrees and the I.S.I.P. to 0 degrees as the upper cast was mounted. However, the error due to three-dimensional displacement was found, which was caused by these adjustments after mounting casts. When casts are mounted with high or low ratio of water and powder, the expansion was smaller in the case of high ratio, so the ratio should be taken into consideration. Accordingly, I planned out the 'Remounting Method' which is able to use the articulator in high precision.

Dental Articulators↗
PubMed1989

[Esophago-bronchial fistulas in adult].

Esophago-bronchial fistulas in adult are rare and for the most part are due to a malignant tumor. The authors present two cases of benign Esophago-bronchial fistula which were discovered accidentally by esophagography. One case was considered to be congenital. Esophagography is the most useful for diagnosis of this disease.

Bronchial Fistula↗
PubMed1989

CD4/Leu7 and CD8/Leu7 large granular lymphocytosis: comparative studies between NK cells and T cells.

Lymphocytes, co-expressing CD4/Leu7 and CD8/Leu7 markers respectively, taken from two patients having large granular lymphocytosis taking an indolent clinical course have been comparatively studied for function as NK cells and T cells. Both large granular lymphocytes (LGLs) were acid phosphatase positive and showed a beta-glucuronidase reaction in their cytoplasmic granules. Studies on case 1 indicated that the CD4/Leu7 lymphocytosis with LGL morphology takes a benign clinical course with mild neutropenia as well as those of CD8/Leu7 LG lymphocytosis. Both CD4/Leu7 and CD8/Leu7 LGLs behave similarly in their lack of NK activity, and manifest decreased IL-2 production in vitro and show a low IL-2 receptor expression unrelated to their T cell phenotype, but behave differently in influencing the immunoglobulin production in vitro and the ADCC activity, depending on their T cell phenotype and on the expression of Fc receptor, respectively. Furthermore, the altered Fc receptors which were undetectable by the Leul 1 antibody but were still effective for ADCC activity might be present in case 2 LGLs.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Lymphocyte subsets and interleukin-2 (IL-2) production of peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease].

The lymphocyte subsets and the interleukin-2 (IL-2) production of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) in patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease (V.K.H.) were studied. In PBL, increased percentages of CD4+ T cells and decreased percentages of CD8+ T cells, which lead to high CD4/CD8 ratio were observed. In the CD4+ T cells the percentage of CD4+ 2H4+ T cells and CD4+ DR+ T cells increased. PBL from 3 out of 9 cases with V.K.H. produced high amount of IL-2 in vitro after stimulation with PHA, indicating IL-2 might be related to the pathogenesis of V.K.H. The differences of the phenotypes of PBL and IL-2 production in vitro between the patients in the acute and prolonged stages were not demonstrated. These results suggest that CD4+ T cells, especially CD4+ 2H4+ T cells may play an important role in the pathological feature of V.K.H.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Limitation of oily chemoembolization against hepatocellular carcinoma and arterioportal segmental chemoembolization].

Emulsion of adriamycin and lipiodol added with Gelfoam has been used for the transcatheter oily chemoembolization against hepatocellular carcinomas. This therapy resulted in significantly increased cumulative survival as compared with chemoembolization therapy using anti-cancer drugs and Gelfoam. However, it was revealed to have the following limitations: Insufficient efficacy against micrometastases and extracapsular invasion; impossible to perform sufficient treatment for patients with severe hepatic disorders; and there were cases in which lipiodol was hardly retained. In order to overcome the limitations described above, we have performed segmental hepatic chemoembolization simultaneously from the hepatic artery embolization simultaneously from the hepatic artery and portal vein. This method works on the basis of the fact that excess amount of lipiodol emulsion infused from the hepatic artery flows into the portal vein. Gelfoam embolization is also added in this method. Though subjects appropriate for this newly developed method are restricted, all the tumors in the objective segment of the liver can undergo necrosis. The efficacy is comparable to the effects of hepatectomy. In addition, since the other segments of the liver are able to be kept in reserve, this method is able to be applied to patients with severe hepatic disorders.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[The usefulness of 99mTc-PMT cholescintigraphy in the diagnosis of bile leakage or biloma].

5 cases (6 lesions) of bile leakage or bilomas were experienced. All cases showed high accumulative areas in the lesions of bile leakage using 99mTc-PMT cholescintigraphy, while US and CT studies showed no specific findings of fluid-filled areas. Cholescintigraphy demonstrated communications between the injured biliary systems and other spaces very clearly. Even if the needle aspiration failed to get a characteristic bile, which were sometimes seen in bilomas complicated with infection or bleeding, cholescintigraphy was useful for the accurate diagnosis. It is also useful for monitoring the bile drainage.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[MRI of the paranasal sinus mucopyocele].

Seven cases of the paranasal sinus mucopyocele were examined by MRI. All of the mucopyocele in our series were clearly demonstrated on MRI using long SE pulse sequence as high signal intensity. However, the degree of signal intensity was varied based on the contents of the mucopyocele. We can detect the mucopyocele as a three dimensional image by MRI, however, CT was necessary for evaluating the bone destruction caused by mucopyocele.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Magnetic resonance imaging for cardiovascular masses].

We examined 10 patients with cardiovascular masses using 0.15 tesla permanent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) incorporating an ECG-gated spin echo technique, and investigated the usefulness of MRI in the noninvasive diagnosis of cardiovascular masses. Patients were one with rhabdomyoma, one with leiomyosarcoma, one with malignant mesothelioma (diffuse type), three with pulmonary arterial invasions by lung carcinoma, one with left atrial invasion by lung carcinoma, and three with the superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome. 1. Each image obtained with TE of 40 msec, and TR of one R-R interval clearly defined the mass by its intermediate signal intensity. 2. In the case of rhabdomyoma occupying the right ventricle, leiomyosarcoma growing from the inferior vena cava into the right atrium and malignant mesothelioma diffusely invading the mediastinum, the morphology and the extent of each mass in relation to the surrounding structures were distinctly identified in the coronal, sagittal or oblique sections for situation, in addition to the routine transaxial section. 3. In the cases of pulmonary arterial invasion by lung carcinoma and the SVC syndrome, the masses invading the pulmonary artery or narrowing large vessels were clearly separated from adjacent structures on the sections through each of the large vessels. 4. In the case without left atrial invasion, which was proved by autopsy, a high intensity line due to mediastinal fat demarcated the mass distinctly. This finding is a useful sign for evaluating the extension of a tumor. 5. The image obtained with TE of 80 msec, and TR of double R-R interval (long SE image) showed a different contrast from the image obtained with TE of 40 msec and TR of one R-R interval. Leiomyosarcoma had a more heterogenous intensity on the long SE image which may result from a different T2 value caused by necrotic, edematous or fibrotic changes within the tumor. These results indicate that MRI also provides some information about the differentiation between benign and malignant masses.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Multi-modal treatment of patients with multiple liver metastases caused by sigmoid cancer].

A case of sigmoid cancer with multiple liver metastases (S2PON3 + H3) who was treated by multi-modal treatment was reported. The multi-modal treatment is including intra-arterial administration of anti-cancer drugs as a pre-surgery treatment, intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy lasting for three to five weeks (three times), hyperthermia treatment combined with intra-arterial administration of anti-cancer drugs and intra-arterial expandable metalic stent. The patients lived for 2 years and 4 months in good condition.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment of multiple myeloma with LAK cells plus interleukin 2 or interleukin 2 alone].

Three patients with multiple myeloma were treated with 3.3-10 x 10(5) u/day intravenous or subcutaneous IL 2 alone. Both their Leu7 and CD16 positive cells in the peripheral blood and NK and LAK cell activity elevated but no M protein decreased. LAK cells and IL-2 administered to three patients intravenously. Lymphocyte counts in the peripheral blood elevated remarkably in one patient and CD3, 8, 16, 2, 38, Leu7 positive cells and NK cell activity increased in three patients. Though the reduction of M proteins were observed in three patients (17%, 75.8% and 40%, respectively), they returned to pretreatment level in 35 days, 55 days and 200 days after the therapy. Significance of the therapy against multiple myeloma was discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Synthetic omega-conotoxin blocks synaptic transmission in the hippocampus in vitro.

The effects of some organic calcium channel blockers and a toxin on synaptic transmission were examined in hippocampal slices from the guinea pig. omega-Conotoxin fraction GVIA, a novel peptide that blocks N and L type voltage-sensitive calcium channels, blocked synaptic transmission from mossy fibers to CA3 neurons at very low concentration (100 nM). However, organic calcium channel blockers such as verapamil (100 microM) and nifedipine (10 microM), which block L type calcium channels, had little effect on the synaptic transmission. Phenytoin (100 microM, T type calcium channel blocker) was also ineffective to block the synaptic transmission. These results suggest that presynaptic calcium channels which cause transmitter release may be N type calcium channel.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Kainic acid induces long-lasting depolarizations in hippocampal neurons only when applied to stratum lucidum.

The actions of alpha-kainic acid (KA) were reexamined in thin sections of the hippocampus and the cerebellum of the guinea pig in view of various discrepancies between our previous findings and reports from other laboratories. Brief pulses of KA ejected in st. lucidum in the CA3 region induced short- and long-lasting depolarizations in neurons nearby, whereas those ejected in st. radiatum or st. oriens induced only short-lasting responses. Neurons in CA1 region and Purkinje cells in the cerebellum generated only short-lasting depolarizations in response to KA pulses ejected in their dendritic fields. The short-lasting KA responses in CA1 region were sensitive to gamma-D-glutamylglycine and pentobarbital. The slow KA responses were suppressed by kynurenic acid. They were not accompanied by increases in extracellular potassium concentration. These results suggest that the mossy fiber-innervated portions of the surface membrane of CA3 neurons have a type of KA receptor different from those ubiquitously distributed in central neurons.

Action Potentials↗