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Biomedical subjects

S Savage

Publications and source records attributed to S Savage.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Progressive renal insufficiency: the role of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.

Experimental animal studies have demonstrated a renal protective effect of ACE inhibition therapy in diabetes mellitus and the remnant kidney model of chronic renal failure. The mechanism of this effect is secondary, at least in part, to the drugs' effects on glomerular hemodynamics. In addition, there is further evidence to suggest that ACE inhibitors may influence other pathogenic mechanisms of progressive renal insufficiency. Preliminary data in clinical studies suggest that ACE inhibition therapy decreases proteinuria and may ameliorate the decline of the glomerular filtration rate in diabetic nephropathy and progressive renal insufficiency of other etiologies. However, before this conclusion can be definite, a large, prospective, randomized clinical trial is required to compare ACE inhibitors to conventional antihypertensive agents. Since calcium channel blockers are metabolically neutral in that they do not increase serum cholesterol or glucose levels and generally do not cause orthostatic hypotension, they may be ideal agents for such a comparison study.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1991

The future of calcium channel blocker therapy in diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus is associated with significant morbidity and mortality caused by the micro- and macro-vascular complications that all too frequently develop during the lifetime of the diabetic patient. In attempts to treat the complications of diabetes, several different treatment strategies have been investigated. The role of tight blood glucose control in the treatment of diabetic vascular complications has recently been challenged, as the existing data in support of this mode of therapy are currently inconclusive. Perhaps more effective in preventing many of the vascular complications is the rigorous treatment of hypertension that frequently accompanies diabetes mellitus. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that the presence of hypertension significantly contributes to the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, cardiovascular disease, and possibly neuropathy. Preliminary clinical studies demonstrate that the progression of diabetic renal disease can be slowed by vigorous antihypertensive therapy. Among the various antihypertensive agents used to treat the hypertension associated with diabetes mellitus, calcium channel blockers are emerging as one of the agents of first choice. This is because of their very low side effect profile and their absence of detrimental effects on serum lipid levels and glucose tolerance. Calcium channel blockers may be of additional potential benefit to the diabetic patient by slowing the progression of atherosclerosis, reversing the intracellular calcium defects that may contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy, and protecting against the progression of chronic renal disease.

Calcium Channel Blockers↗
PubMed1988

Effects of training on blood glucose kinetics during glucose challenge in rats.

We hypothesized that endurance training would alter blood glucose kinetics in rats given an exogenous glucose challenge. Primed-continuous infusion of H14CO3- and [3-3H]glucose were given to fasted rats during an intravenous glucose load of approximately 150% of the normal endogenous appearance rate for 3 h. In all rats blood glucose concentrations increased with loading, but in trained animals glucose stabilized at significantly lower levels. Trained animals had lower blood glucose turnover rates than the controls (75 +/- 2.3 vs. 120 +/- 6.3 mumoles/kg x min, respectively). Glucose metabolic clearance rates in trained rats (11.5 +/- 1.7) were not different from those in controls (11.6 +/- 1.2 ml/kg x min). Gluconeogenic rates estimated from incorporation of 14C into blood glucose did not differ between trained and untrained groups. However, the rate of hepatic glucose release estimated from the difference between tracer measured and exogenous appearance rate was lower in the trained group. These findings support the concept that when resting trained animals are challenged with an exogenous load, more glucose is diverted to anabolic processes as opposed to increased turnover.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Regeneration of mirror symmetrical limbs in the axolotl.

Mirrow symmetrical, double posterior limbs were produced by two types of operations on tailbud embryos of the axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum. When the limbs had grown to maturity, they were amputated and a study was made of the structures which regenerated in their place. The majority of the regenerates were also reduplicated, although a significant minority showed other types of symmetry. Reduplicate symmetry was often conserved following several amputations, but the number of skeletal elements present in each regenerate tended to vary: both expansion and contraction were found, the changes always occurring in the center of the pattern. These results are discussed in terms of the possible mechanisms for pattern formation in the anteroposterior axis during regeneration. We suggest that control of normal regeneration is carried out by a monotonic gradient of positional information which is originally set up to control pattern formation during embryonic development.

Ambystoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Improving credibility of instructions in the balanced placebo design: a misattribution manipulation.

Research using the balanced placebo design seeks to differentiate the physiological and psychological effects of drinking alcohol. Questions regarding the validity of the design center about experimenter instructions, particularly in the antiplacebo cell at higher blood alcohol content (BAC) levels. This study tested the plausibility of two misattribution strategies designed to reduce the conflict between experimenter instructions and internal cues of drunkenness. Forty-two participants (BAC = .055) were told that they received no alcohol, with internal cues of drunkenness said to be produced by a (sham) second drug, a (placebo) tachistoscopic display, or no misattribution given. The placebo drug group reported less alcohol intoxication without reporting less physical impairment than the control or tachistoscopic groups. Doubt of instructions was expressed more frequently in the control group than in the placebo drug group. Mean time to first reported doubt of experimenter instructions was longer for the placebo drug group. A manipulation check designed to account for demand effects indicated that instituting the pharmacologic misattribution increased the success of the manipulation over the control group. Providing a credible attribution for internal symptoms of drunkenness makes experimenter's instructions more credible, improving the validity of the antiplacebo cell of the balanced placebo design.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anorexia nervosa.

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Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bulimia nervosa.

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Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Discovering work excitement among navy nurses.

An interest in what makes work exciting among Navy Nurse Corps officers led to the use of Simms' work excitement data collection protocol in Navy Medical Centers. Significant levels of work excitement were found among Navy nurses when compared to civilian nurses in non-military settings. Overall, results indicated that Navy nurses are excited about the variety, the leadership/management experiences, and the opportunities for teaching and learning--elements that are the very essence of Navy nursing practice.

Adult↗