Biomedical subjects

S Sauerland

Publications and source records attributed to S Sauerland.

60 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed1998

Prevalence of generalised osteoarthritis in patients with advanced hip and knee osteoarthritis: the Ulm Osteoarthritis Study.

OBJECTIVES: Different prevalences of generalised osteoarthritis (GOA) in patients with knee and hip OA have been reported. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate radiographic and clinical patterns of disease in a hospital based population of patient subgroups with advanced hip and knee OA and to compare the prevalence of GOA in patients with hip or knee OA, taking potential confounding factors into account. METHODS: 420 patients with hip OA and 389 patients with knee OA scheduled for unilateral total joint replacement in four hospitals underwent radiographic analysis of ipsilateral and contralateral hip or knee joint and both hands in addition to a standardised interview and clinical examination. According to the severity of radiographic changes in the contralateral joints (using Kellgren-Lawrence > or = grade 2 as case definition) participants were classified as having either unilateral or bilateral OA. If radiographic changes of two joint groups of the hands (first carpometacarpal joint and proximal/distal interphalangeal joints defined as two separate joint groups) were present, patients were categorised as having GOA. RESULTS: Patients with hip OA were younger (mean age 60.4 years) and less likely to be female (52.4%) than patients with knee OA (66.3 years and 72.5% respectively). Intensity of pain and functional impairment at hospital admission was similar in both groups, while patients with knee OA had a longer symptom duration (median 10 years) compared with patients with hip OA (5 years). In 41.7% of patients with hip OA and 33.4% of patients with knee OA an underlying pathological condition could be observed in the replaced joint, which allowed a classification as secondary OA. Some 82.1% of patients with hip and 87.4% of patients with knee OA had radiographic changes in their contralateral joints (bilateral disease). The prevalence of GOA increased with age and was higher in female patients. GOA was observed more often in patients with knee OA than in patients with hip OA (34.9% versus 19.3%; OR = 2.24; 95% CI: 1.56, 3.21). Adjustment for the different age and sex distribution in both patient groups, however, takes away most of the difference (OR = 1.32; 95% CI: 0.89, 1.96). CONCLUSION: The crude results confirm previous reports as well as the clinical impression of GOA being more prevalent in patients with advanced knee OA than in patients with advanced hip OA. However, these different patterns might be attributed to a large part to a different distribution of age and sex in these hospital based populations.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1998

Serum cholesterol and osteoarthritis. The baseline examination of the Ulm Osteoarthritis Study.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between serum cholesterol and osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS: OA patterns were studied in 809 patients with knee or hip joint replacement due to OA in 4 hospitals in southwest Germany. Participants had a standardized interview and examination. Radiographs of the contralateral joint as well as both hands and a blood sample were obtained. Serum cholesterol levels were divided into tertiles and hypercholesterolemia was defined as > or = 6.2 mmol/l or use of antihyperlipidemic drugs. According to the presence or absence of radiographic OA in the contralateral joint, participants were categorized as having bilateral or unilateral OA. If radiographic OA of different finger joints was present, participants were categorized as having generalized OA. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association of serum cholesterol with OA patterns were calculated with logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS: Eighty-five percent of participants with radiographs had bilateral OA and 26% generalized OA. No association was observed between hypercholesterolemia and bilateral OA. Hypercholesterolemia (OR 1.61; 95% CI 1.06-2.47) and high serum cholesterol levels (3rd versus 1st tertile: OR 1.73; 95% CI 1.02-2.92) were independently associated with generalized OA. This association was almost exclusively due to participants with knee OA. CONCLUSION: These data add to the evidence regarding the independent role of serum cholesterol as a systemic risk factor for OA. The discrepant associations observed for different OA patterns are likely due to the relative weight of other risk factors.

Aged↗

PubMed1998

[Efficacy of an Acute Pain Service--a controlled comparative study of hospitals].

The efficacy of an acute pain service was prospectively evaluated on elective abdominal operations by comparing two surgical departments including a total of 498 patients. The patients of the clinic with an acute pain service reported less pain (at rest and in movement) pre- and postoperatively and received more analgetics. They had more appetite, lower sleep requirements and more independence. The patients' overall satisfaction was greater in the clinic with an acute pain service.

Abdomen↗

PubMed1980

Different sensitivities of prostaglandin-cyclooxygenases in blood platelets and coronary arteries against non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs.

The action of the non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs indomethacin, tiaprofenic acid, diclofenac and meclofenamate on vascular and platelet-cyclooxygenases was studied by measuring the arachidonic acid-induced thromboxane A2 (TXA2)-formation of washed human platelets and prostacyclin (PGI2)-formation of bovine coronary artery rings. TXA2 was bioassayed as RCS on rabbit aorta strips, PGI2 in terms of its antiaggregatory activity on ADP-induced aggregation of human platelet-rich plasma. All of the substances studied produced concentration-dependent inhibition of PGI2- and RCS-release. The IC50 [micrometer] in inhibition of RCS-formation was 0.019 for indomethacin, 0.070 for tiaprofenic acid but 44.9 for meclofenamate and 63.2 for diclofenac. The IC50 [micrometer] in inhibition of PGI2-release was 0.42 for diclofenac, 0.63 for indomethacin and 0.99 for tiaprofenic acid. The data suggest (1) high sensitivity of human platelet-cyclooxygenase against indomethacin and tiaprofenic acid, (2) different sequence of the substances studied in inhibiting arachidonic acid-induced TXA2- and PGI2-formation. The possible therapeutic value of selective inhibition of platelets and vascular cyclooxygenases is discussed.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

The action of non-steroidal antiinflammatory agents on platelet aggregation and vessel tone in relation to inhibition of PGI2- and thromboxane-release. With particular reference to 5-benzoyl-alpha-methyl-2-thiophene acetic acid (tiaprofenic acid).

The actions of 5-benzoyl-alpha-methyl-2-thiophene acetic acid (tiaprofenic acid) on platelet aggregation, coronary vascular tone and myocardial oxygen consumption were studied in vitro and compared to those of diclofenac sodium, indometacin and meclofenamate. Tiaprofenic acid dose-dependently and reversibly inhibited collagen- and arachidonic acid-induced aggregation of rabbit platelet-rich plasma (IC50 2--5 micromol/l) and was as effective in this system as the reference compounds. Tiaprofenic acid did not alter the myocardial oxygen consumption up to 120 micromol/l but produced reversible and dose-dependent increases in the coronary vascular tone of both guinea pig hearts and isolated bovine coronary arteries at 0.1--10 micromol/l concentrations. This coronary vasomotor activity of tiaprofenic acid could be correlated to its ability to inhibit the vascular PGI2 production whereas the inhibition of platelet aggregation by all of the substances studied does not seem to be tightly correlated to their inhibitory effect on the thromboxane formation of blood platelets.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Reproducibility in the roentgenological assessment of coxarthritis].

The "German Society of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology (DGOT)" is trying to support the application of standardized and reproducible criteria in diagnosis and therapy of osteoarthritis. As radiographs are a primary measure of outcome at present, the objective of this study was to investigate the reproducibility of radiologic assessment in hip osteoarthritis using different radiographic variables. 3 investigators read 100 hip joints on 50 pelvis radiographs at two time-points for the presence and severity of individual radiographic features: joint space narrowing (JSN), osteophytes, sklerosis, subchondral cysts and deformity of the femoral head. Additionally the summary grade of Kellgren and Lawrence (1963) and Scott et al (1992) was assessed. Intra- and inter-rater-reliability were calculated by intra-class-correlation-co-efficient (ICC). The results regarding intra- and inter-rater-reliability show excellent values for superior JSN, femoral head deformity and the summary score. The radiologic assessment of medial JSN, osteophytes and acetabular sklerosis depends on the level of the investigator's experience. Perifoveal osteophytes and subchondral cysts do not seem to be have sufficient reproducibility. The results of our investigation show, that a reliable radiological classification of the severity of hip osteoarthritis is possible by assessment of certain individual radiographic features or a summary grade.

Adult↗