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S Satoh

Publications and source records attributed to S Satoh.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

The characterization of superoxide production of human neonatal neutrophil.

To assess the role of neutrophil in neonatal host defense against microbial infection, we characterized the superoxide anion (O(2-)) production of neonatal neutrophil on a biochemical basis. After taking an appropriate informed consent, neutrophils were obtained from cord blood immediately after transvaginal delivery and divided into two groups: the Preterm group, 15 neonates (27-36 weeks' gestation) and the Term group, 15 neonates (37-41 weeks' gestation). Eleven healthy adults served as controls in the Adult group. The value of N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanin (fMLP)-induced O(2-) production activity of neutrophils in the Preterm group using chemiluminescence assay was significantly lower than those values in both the Term and Adult groups (5.77+/-0.53x10(6) vs. 11.1+/-0.94x10(6) and 10.7+/-0.63x10(6) cpm; mean+/-S.E.M., p<0.05). In phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-stimulation, the values of O(2-) production activity of neutrophils in both the Preterm and Term groups were significantly lower than that in the Adult group (13.0+/-1.66x10(6) and 18.0+/-1.44x10(6) vs. 27.3+/-1.45x10(6) cpm, p<0.05). Scatchard analysis of [(3)H]fMLP binding to neutrophil demonstrated a two-receptor model in each group, and the number of high-affinity receptors per neutrophil in the Preterm group was significantly lower than those in other groups (p<0.05). However, cord blood levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6, -8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) did not differ in either neonatal group. These results indicated that the fMLP-induced O(2-)production activity of neutrophils in the term neonates was enhanced at the level of the receptor and suggested that this enhanced production contribute to the neonatal host defense against microbial infection.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Doppler velocimetry in the adrenal artery in human fetuses.

BACKGROUND: Fetal hypoxia and/or acidosis causes redistribution of blood flow to the high-priority organs including the adrenal glands. Although this phenomenon is well described in the human cerebral and placental circulations using Doppler velocimetry, there are few reports about the adrenal glands. AIM: To clarify the gestational age-related changes in adrenal blood flow in normal fetuses and fetuses at risk of hemodynamic derangement. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In 153 normal cases, the resistance indices (RIs) calculated from the blood flow velocity waveforms (FVWs) in the middle adrenal artery (MAA) were obtained from 24 weeks to construct nomogram using regression analysis. Twenty-seven complicated cases were divided according to the 5%ile RI values in the MAA, and clinical outcomes were retrospectively compared. RESULT: The RI values in the MAA increased until 31 weeks and decreased thereafter. The 50%ile regression curve was represented as RI=-0.000914 (weeks)(2)+0.0579 weeks-0.181. Of the 27 complicated cases, 13 had RIs in the MAA below the 5%ile. Cases with low RI had significantly higher RI ratio in regard of UA/MCA; higher occurrence of abnormal FHR patterns on observation; higher incidence of cesarean delivery for nonreassuring fetal well-being status; earlier gestational age at delivery; lower birth weights and longer periods of admission to NICU than the cases with normal RI. CONCLUSION: We have described the nomogram for the RI in the MAA. In conditions of fetal hypoxia or acidemia, blood flow redistribution to the adrenal glands may occur and the analysis of the adrenal artery FVWs may be useful in detection of fetal altered hemodynamics.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed2001

Antianginal effects of hydroxyfasudil, a Rho-kinase inhibitor, in a canine model of effort angina.

1. The effects of Rho-kinase inhibitor, fasudil, and of a more specific Rho-kinase inhibitor, hydroxyfasudil, on pacing-induced myocardial ischaemia were determined in anaesthetized open-chest dogs. 2. The dogs were subjected to left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) stenosis producing a sufficient ischaemia as measured by ST-segment depression on electrocardiograms only when the hearts were paced 60 beats min(-1) above the baseline. After a recovery (nonpacing) period, drugs or saline were infused intravenously over 30 min. The animals were again subjected to 5 min of pacing 25 min after the initiation of the treatment. 3. Hydroxyfasudil (0.1 and 0.3 mg kg(-1)) and fasudil (0.3 mg kg(-1)) suppressed the ST-segment depression. Hydroxyfasudil and fasudil also increased the regional blood flow of the LAD perfused endomyocardium region in the canine model of effort angina. 4. To determine the flow profile for hydroxyfasudil in dogs, blood flow in three vascular beds was measured. Hydroxyfasudil (0.3 mg kg(-1) for 30 min) significantly increased coronary blood flow and vertebral blood flow, without significantly changing the femoral blood flow. 5. Hydroxyfasudil had no inotropic or chronotropic effect on the isolated hearts of guinea-pigs. Hydroxyfasudil (2 mg kg(-1) for 20 min) did not affect the PR or QTc interval in anaesthetized dogs. 6. Inhibition of Rho-kinase appears to protect myocardium subjected to pacing-induced ischaemia through the increase in the regional myocardial blood flow. Hydroxyfasudil may be categorized as a novel type of anti-anginal drug, without any inotropic or chronotropic effects.

1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine↗
PubMed2001

Dexamethasone impairs pulmonary defence against Pseudomonas aeruginosa through suppressing iNOS gene expression and peroxynitrite production in mice.

To elucidate the in vivo mechanisms involved in the impairment in pulmonary defence as the result of treatment with glucocorticoids, we established fatal pneumonia with bacteraemia in dexamethasone (DEX)-treated mice by means of an intratracheal challenge of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. An increased neutrophil influx was observed in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids from both untreated and DEX-treated mice. The complete suppression of an inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA expression and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production during the early phase of pneumonia, but not CXC chemokine production, were found in the case of the DEX-treated mice. An immunohistochemical study with a specific antibody also revealed negative staining for nitrotyrosine in the lung tissue of DEX-treated mice, while the formation of nitrotyrosine, which indirectly indicates the generation of peroxynitrite with a potent bactericidal activity, was detected clearly in the bronchial epithelium as well as alveolar phagocytic cells of lung tissue from untreated mice. Furthermore, an intraperitoneal administration of S-methyl-isothiourea (SMT), a potent inhibitor of NOS, significantly decreased the survival and increased bacterial density in the case of untreated mice. In contrast, no significant effects on the survival and bacterial density in the lung and blood were found as the result of treatment with SMT in DEX-treated mice. Collectively, a complete repression of iNOS gene expression and a lack of the generation of peroxynitrite as well as an inhibition of TNF-alpha production in the lung appeared to be responsible for the progression of the fatal pneumonia due to P. aeruginosa in DEX-treated mice.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of psychiatric patients coercively brought to hospitals.

In order to clarify the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of psychiatric patients with poor motivation for treatment, we examined patients who were coercively brought to hospitals. Sociodemographic and clinical data on 287 inpatients from two private psychiatric hospitals in Japan were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were in the hospitals on 1 April 1997 and had received treatment prior to this admission. Of these inpatients, 67 (23.3%) were coercively brought to hospitals. Multiple logistic regression was performed on the data of these patients to identify the factors associated with their resistance to visiting the hospital. From the results of multivariate analysis, four characteristics were associated with patients coercively brought to hospitals, namely medication compliance, receiving regular outpatient treatment or not, a history of self-aggression or aggressive behavior towards others, and living arrangements. For patients who had lived with relatives before hospitalization, the primary caregiver being a parental caregiver was associated with patients coercively brought to hospitals, although it was not statistically significant. In addition, agitation was associated with patients not coercively brought to the hospital according to multivariate analysis. The present results suggest that psychiatric patients with poor motivation are more likely to have poor medication compliance, to have not received regular outpatient treatment, to have a history of aggressive behavior and to live alone. For patients who lived with their caregivers prior to hospitalization, poorly motivated patients tended to have parental caregivers and were less likely to be agitated.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Chrono and clinical pharmacokinetic study of tacrolimus in continuous intravenous administration.

BACKGROUND: The circadian variation of clinical pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in kidney transplant recipients receiving continuous intravenous administration has not been clarified. The aim of this study was to evaluate the circadian variation of this drug in continuous intravenous administration, with regard to the dosing scheme for conversion from intravenous to oral therapy. METHODS: The blood concentration-time curve was studied in 10 living-related kidney transplant recipients, aged 18-51 years (mean, 36.5 years), 1 day before operation for preoperative oral administration, the third postoperative day for continuous intravenous administration and the sixth postoperative day at the conversion from intravenous to oral therapy. RESULTS: Although the total body clearance of daytime was slightly higher than that of night-time, the intravenous tacrolimus infusion maintained an adequate therapeutic blood concentration for 24 h. There were significant differences between the preoperative and the postoperative state in the area under the curve, total body clearance and bioavailability for the oral administration. The mean absolute bioavailability was 17.7% in preoperative and 11.1% in postoperative state, respectively and a large interindividual variation was confirmed in this parameter, which was 7.0-27.2% for preoperative and 6.4-22.0% for postoperative area under the curve, respectively. CONCLUSION: This study proposes that intravenous administration is a safe and appropriate method to achieve the required blood concentration in patients with various tacrolimus metabolism in the early post-transplant period. As the oral tacrolimus absorption was found to be variable between preoperative and postoperative states in identical patients, the conversion dosage cannot be calculated from preoperative oral or postoperative intravenous pharmacokinetics. Frequent blood concentration monitoring is needed to ensure safe treatment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2001

Solitary fibrous tumor of renal pelvis.

A 70-year-old Japanese man was referred because of a right renal mass of 2 years in duration. Imaging studies, including magnetic resonance imaging, revealed an ovoid mass, with relatively abundant vascularity, in the right renal pelvis. Right radical nephrectomy was done and a tumor measuring 6.0 x 4.5 x 4.0 cm was found in the renal pelvis. Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) was highly suspected by histology. Immunohistochemical study using a monoclonal antibody directed against the human hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen (CD34) stain confirmed SFT. This is the first case of SFT of the renal pelvis. Although SFT is extremely rare in urogenital organs, this tumor must be included in the differential diagnosis when we encounter urogenital tumors consisting of mesenchymal elements.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Enhanced expression of B7-1, B7-2, and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in sinusoidal endothelial cells by warm ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat liver.

To elucidate a role of costimulatory molecule and cell adhesion molecule in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury, we examined an alteration in B7-1 (CD80), B7-2 (CD86), and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1; CD54) expression in the rat liver after warm ischemia/reperfusion injury. To induce hepatic warm ischemia in a rat model, both portal vein and hepatic artery entering the left-lateral and median lobes were occluded by clamping for 30 minutes or 60 minutes, and then reperfused for 24 hours. B7-1, B7-2, and ICAM-1 expressions in the liver were analyzed by immunofluorescence staining and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Although B7-1 and B7-2 expressions were at very low levels in the liver tissues from normal or sham-operated control rats, both B7-1 and B7-2 expressions were enhanced at protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels in the affected, left lobes after warm ischemia/reperfusion. ICAM-1 protein and mRNA were constitutively expressed in the liver of normal and sham-operated control rats, and further up-regulated after warm ischemia/reperfusion. Localization of increased B7-1, B7-2, and ICAM-1 proteins, as well as von Willebrand factor as a marker protein for endothelial cells, was confined by immunofluorescence staining to sinusoidal endothelial cells in hepatic lobules. Data from quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis revealed that B7-1 and B7-2 mRNA levels were elevated in hepatic lobes after warm ischemia/reperfusion (5.13- and 52.9-fold increase, respectively), whereas ICAM-1 mRNA expression was rather constitutive but further enhanced by warm ischemia/reperfusion (4.24-fold increase). These results suggest that hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells play a pivotal role as antigen-presenting cells by expressing B7-1 and B7-2 in warm hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury, and that B7-1 and/or B7-2 might be the primary target to prevent early rejection and inflammatory reactions after hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury associated with liver transplantation.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Effects of prostaglandin E(1) on the efficacy of xenogeneic extracorporeal pig liver perfusion in a canine model of acute liver failure.

Xenogeneic extracorporeal liver perfusion (ECLP) has the potential to become an important tool in the management of patients with severe liver failure. We previously showed that xenogeneic pig liver perfusion may be prolonged for up to 9 hours by the administration of prostaglandin E(1) (PGE(1)). In this study, we used a canine model of acute liver failure to evaluate the effects of PGE(1) on the efficacy of ECLP as a liver-assist device. Liver failure was surgically induced in 12 beagle dogs, with a control group (group 1, n = 4) not connected to the ECLP circuit. Direct cross-circulation between the dogs and the ECLP circuit using a pig liver was performed without (group 2, n = 4) or with (group 3, n = 4) continuous administration of PGE(1) through the portal vein of the pig liver. The duration of cross-circulation in group 3 (9.4 +/- 1.2 hours) was significantly longer than in group 2 (4.3 +/- 1.0 hours). In addition, elevation of blood ammonia, total bile acid, and hyaluronic acid levels was less marked in group 3 compared with the other 2 groups. The ratio of branched-chain amino acids to aromatic amino acids was also improved in group 3. The mean survival time in group 3 (26.6 +/- 0.4 hours) was significantly longer than in group 1 (15.5 +/- 1.3 hours) or group 2 (17.1 +/- 2.9 hours). Continuous administration of PGE(1) to xenogeneic ECLP resulted in a significant improvement in both liver function and survival time of dogs with surgically induced liver failure.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed2001

A new volumetric evaluation of partial splenic embolization for hypersplenism in biliary atresia.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Partial splenic embolization (PSE) has become an important therapeutic modality in the management of hypersplenism in biliary atresia (BA). Fifty percent to 80% of spleen is usually devascularized by embolization. The functional outcome, however, has not been correlated with embolized volume of the spleen. The authors propose a new, reliable method of predicting functional outcome using nonembolized volume of the spleen (NEVS) as an index. METHODS: Between January 1993 and July 2000, 11 children with BA (2 boys and 9 girls, aged 5 to 10 years) underwent 12 PSE procedures. The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 77 months. The NEVS was calculated by enhanced computed tomography (CT) images, and an index was calculated by dividing NEVS with the predicted splenic volume for body weight (standardized NEVS ratio) 2 weeks after PSE. RESULTS: Splenic volumes before PSE ranged from 312 to 1,201 cm(3) (mean, 875.8 cm(3)). NEVS ranged from 140 to 485 cm(3) (mean, 340 cm(3)). Standardized NEVS ratio ranged from 2.21 to 7.22 (mean, 4.25). The platelet counts with standardized NEVS ratio below 5.0 (group I) and above 5.0 (group II) were 15.1 x 10(4)/mm(3) and 7.2 x 10(4)/mm(3) at 6-month follow-up, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: (1) Nonembolized volumetric evaluation is useful in predicting the functional outcome of PSE. (2) Reembolization is indicated for the patients with standardized NEVS above 5.0.

Biliary Atresia↗
PubMed2001

Characterization and formation mechanism of water-insoluble DNA-matrix induced by UV irradiation.

We have prepared water-insoluble and nuclease resistant DNA-matrixes by UV irradiation. The UV-irradiated DNA-matrix could effectively accumulate and condense harmful DNA-intercalating compounds, such as acridine orange (AO) and ethidium bromide (EB), from diluted aqueous solutions. The binding constant of AO and EB for UV-irradiated DNA were determined to be 1.0 (+/- 0.2) x 10(5) M-1 and 6.8 (+/- 0.3) x 10(4) M-1, respectively; values consisted with reported results for non-irradiated DNA. In addition, the agarose gel electrophoresis and AFM measurements indicate that DNA matrix forms an intermolecular cross-linking structure with the radical reaction. The UV-irradiated DNA-matrixes have potential uses as a biomaterial filter for the removal of harmful DNA intercalating compounds.

Acridine Orange↗
PubMed2001

Molecular cloning and characterization of a cDNA for a novel ethylene receptor, NT-ERS1, of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.).

The cDNA encoding a novel member (NT-ERS1) of ethylene receptor family of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) was obtained by a combination of RT-PCR and 5'-/3'-RACE cloning. The cDNA was 2,092 nucleotides long and had an open reading frame of 1,911 bp encoding 637 amino acids. The deduced polypeptide lacked a response regulator domain, indicating that the ethylene receptor belongs to an ERS-group. The amino acid sequence was similar to respective members of the tobacco ethylene receptor family: 67.8% to NT-ETR1, 39.1% to NTHK1 and 31.1% to NTHK2. Comparison of amino acid sequence suggested that NT-ERS1 is the counterpart of Nr in the ethylene receptor family of tomato, which belongs to Solanaceae as does tobacco. Northern blot analysis showed that mRNA of NT-ERS1 was present in leaf, shoot and root tissues, and accumulated in leaves treated with exogenous ethylene. A mutated NT-ERS1 cDNA transgene, obtained by introducing one nucleotide substitution into NT-ETR1 cDNA, conferred ethylene insensitivity in tobacco plants, indicating that the translation product of the cDNA actually functioned in the plants.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed2001

Cytokine and immunogenetic profiles in Japanese patients with adult Still's disease. Association with chronic articular disease.

OBJECTIVE: To determine cytokines and MHC class II alleles in Japanese patients with adult Still's disease (ASD) and clarify the association between those profiles and chronic articular disease. METHODS: Of 35 patients with ASD (13 men, 22 women, mean age at onset 34.0 yr), 17 (49%) had chronic arthritis (>6 months, chronic articular ASD) and 18 (51%) lacked chronic arthritis (systemic ASD). Cytokines and cytokine receptors in sera were measured by ELISA. Correlations of each cytokine with disease activity or C-reactive protein (CRP) were determined. MHC class II alleles were examined by polymerase chain reaction methods. RESULTS: In chronic articular ASD, female gender was more frequent and liver dysfunction and myalgia were rarer than in systemic ASD. In active disease, the white blood cell count was lower, but total IgG was greater in patients with chronic articular ASD than in those with systemic ASD. Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, soluble TNF receptor 2 and interleukin (IL)-18 were increased in both types of ASD, even in remission. Soluble IL-2 receptors, IL-4 and IL-18 levels were correlated with disease activity or CRP value only in chronic articular ASD. Interferon gamma and IL-8 remained increased only in chronic articular ASD, even when disease activity, including IL-6 and CRP, was low. DRB1*1501 (DR2) and DRB1*1201 (DR5) alleles were more frequent in chronic articular than in systemic ASD, whereas DQB1*0602 (DQ1) was frequently observed in both types of ASD. CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that ASD with chronic articular disease has distinct clinical, cytokine and immunogenetic profiles.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Polymorphism of tumor necrosis factor-beta and alcohol dehydrogenase genes and alcoholic brain atrophy in Japanese patients.

BACKGROUND: Alcohol abuse can induce brain atrophy, but it only occurs in some alcoholics. Many inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) are produced rapidly in the brain by experimental or clinical injury. METHOD: To investigate whether genetic polymorphism of TNF was related to alcoholic brain atrophy, we determined restriction fragment-length polymorphisms of the TNF-beta genes in 72 male alcoholics. Computed tomography was used to determine the severity of brain atrophy. RESULTS: Digestion with NcoI and MspI after polymerase chain reaction amplification showed that the TNFB1 allele frequency was significantly higher in patients with brain atrophy than in those without brain atrophy (chi2 = 10.20, p = 0.0034). A multivariate analysis that included age, total alcohol intake, ADH2 genotype, and TNF-beta genotype showed that the ADH21/21 genotype and TNFB1/B1 genotype are independently associated with alcoholic brain atrophy. These findings suggest that the TNFB1 allele may be associated with alcoholic brain atrophy.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Positive inotropic effects of calcium sensitizers on normal and failing cardiac myocytes.

Calcium sensitizers increase myocardial contractile function without affecting Ca2+ homeostasis, which might be beneficial in the treatment of patients with heart failure. However, it remains uncertain whether Ca sensitizers induce quantitatively similar inotropic responses in control and failing hearts. To compare their effects in normal versus failing hearts at the cellular level, shortening mechanics and intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) transient were simultaneously measured in the left ventricular myocytes isolated from normal dogs (n = 8) and dogs with rapid pacing-induced heart failure (n = 7). CGP 48506 and EMD 57033 exerted a positive inotropic effect in a dose (0.1-3 microM)-dependent manner in both normal and heart failure myocytes. The percent increase of cell shortening magnitude was comparable between the two groups. CGP 48506 and EMD 57033 did not affect the diastolic cell length and resting [Ca2+]i level. They did not affect the duration of [Ca2+]i transient dynamics. Thus Ca2+ sensitizers exerted comparable positive inotropic effects without affecting the rest cell length and rest [Ca2+]i in normal and heart failure myocytes.

Animals↗