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Biomedical subjects

S Satoh

Publications and source records attributed to S Satoh.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Effect of FK506 eye drops on late and delayed-type responses in ocular allergy models.

BACKGROUND: It is well-known that FK506 strongly inhibits cytokine production by T cells in vitro. However, less evidence is available from in vivo studies of ocular allergy. OBJECTIVE: To study the anti-inflammatory effect of FK506 eye drops on late and delayed-type responses in several animal models of ocular allergy. METHODS: Rats and guinea-pigs were sensitized with egg albumin (EA) in adjuvant and later challenged by topical EA application to their eyes to examine the late response. Biopsy specimens of conjunctiva were stained with haematoxylin-eosin or stained for T cells and eosinophils. In addition, rats, rabbits and guinea-pigs were sensitized with complete Freund's adjuvant and later challenged by injecting purified protein derivatives for the delayed-type response. Bulbar conjunctival oedema and hyperaemia were graded by score in rabbits, and Evans blue (EB) extravasation was measured in rats and guinea-pigs. FK506 (0.01-1%) and steroid (0.1%) eye drops were instilled in the eyes of animals several times, before and after challenge. RESULTS: FK506 eye drops inhibited T cell and eosinophil infiltration in the late response and EB extravasation in the delayed-type response in rats. Also, they inhibited conjunctival oedema, hyperaemia and ocular mucus in the delayed-type response in rabbits. These effects were similar to those of steroid eye drops (betamethasone sodium phosphate, fluorometholone). FK506 eye drops also inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration, the loss of conjunctival epithelium and decrease of goblet cells in the late response as well as EB extravasation in the delayed-type response in guineapigs, a steroid-resistant species. CONCLUSION: FK506 eye drops inhibit late and delayed-type responses in animal models of ocular allergy.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Nanofiltration of single plasma donations: feasibility study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Major technical developments have been made in recent years to improve the quality and safety of human plasma for transfusion and fractionation. The present study was performed to assess, for the first time, the feasibility of applying a nanofiltration process, using 75-nm and 35-nm mean pore size membranes (Planova) 75N and Planova 35N), to human plasma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten apheresis plasma units were obtained from 10 plasma donors. Within 4 h of collection, plasma was subjected to leucoreduction and filtration (using 75-nm and 35-nm mean pore size membranes) at 35 degrees C, at less than 1 bar pressure. Aliquots of plasma were taken at all steps of the filtration procedure and numerous plasma quality parameters were measured. In addition, six hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive plasma donations were experimentally subjected to the same filtration sequence and subsequently assessed by RNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and branched-chain DNA-quantification assays. RESULTS: Leucoreduced plasma can be reproducibly nanofiltered onto a sequence of 75-nm and 35-nm membranes, at a flow rate of 450 ml/h and a temperature of 35 +/- 0.5 degrees C. Some protein dilution, or loss, was found during filtration, but the plasma filtered through membranes with a mean pore size of 75 nm and 35 nm met in vitro specifications for use in transfusion or fractionation. There were no signs of activation of the coagulation system. HCV-positive plasma donations became negative, as judged by PCR and branched-chain DNA assay results, after filtration through the 35-nm membrane. CONCLUSIONS: It is possible to apply a 75 + 35-nm filtration process to leucoreduced human plasma. This technology may have important future benefits in improving the quality and safety of plasma, by removing blood cell debris and infectious agents.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed2003

Rectosigmoidal bladder utilizing an intussuscepted ileal segment: a surgical technique for urinary diversion.

A novel technique of urinary diversion was designed by interposition of an intussuscepted ileal segment between the ureters and the rectosigmoidal pouch, thus preventing ureteral reflux as well as stenosis at the uretero-enteric anastomosis, possible occurrence of urocolonic carcinoma, and frequent evacuation or incontinence. Since all the procedures were limited to the lower abdominal cavity, the surgical invasiveness was compatible with that of an ileal conduit. Our early experience in 15 patients showed that this technique can be considered for those in whom the urethra is not available.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Total cystoprostatectomy in the treatment of locally advanced prostate carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: Locally advanced prostate carcinoma frequently causes lower urinary tract symptoms and is a clinical challenge when radiation and/or hormone therapy fail. We investigated whether cystoprostatectomy with urinary diversion benefits patients with locally advanced prostate carcinoma in terms of quality of life and prognostic outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1989 and 2001, we performed 15 cystoprostatectomies for stage C-D1 prostate carcinoma with bladder neck involvement. Of these patients, 5 underwent ileal conduit, 8 rectal bladder, 1 Koch pouch, and 1 ureterocutaneostomy. All the patients received neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant hormonal therapy. In the same period, 28 patients underwent retropubic prostatectomies and 15 patients received hormone therapy alone for stage C-Dl disease. These patients were included as references. RESULTS: Lower urinary tract symptoms caused by bladder involvement were controlled well until the end of follow-up for all the patients in the cystoprostatectomy group. There was no statistically significant difference in QOL score assessed with the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire between the prostatectomy group and the cystoprostatectomy group, while that in the hormone therapy group was lower than those in the surgery groups. There was no statistically significant difference in 5-year PSA-relapse-free survival among cystoprostatectomy, prostatectomy, and hormone therapy groups. Patients in the hormone therapy group died earlier than those in the prostatectomy group (p = 0.02), while those in the cystoprostatectomy group did not. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that total cystoprostatectomy with urinary diversion is a valid option, in terms of disease control and QOL, for prostate cancer patients whose tumor is infiltrating into the bladder.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

[Thoracoscopic surgery for metastatic lung tumors: computed tomography-guided localization with use of a needle with a suture].

When a metastatic lung tumor is found to be deep to the visceral surface of the pleura, or when it is found to be a small lesion, it may important to help identify the lesion by preoperative methods in order to localize it at the time of thoracoscopic operation. We performed computed tomography-guided localization of metastatic lung tumors with use of a needle with a suture in 11 cases prior to thoracoscopic resection. Placement of the needle, immediately before moving to the operation room were successfully performed in all patients. It took from 16 to 25 minutes (20.3 minutes on average). Complications included minimal pneumothorax in 8 patients, mild airway bleeding in 2, and penetration through the middle lobe to the lower lobe of the right lung in 1. However, treatment was not necessary in any of the patients. Thoracoscopic resections were successfully achieved in all patients. Our technique may be a simpler technique and advantageous for identification of small lesions and lesions deep to the visceral surface of the pleura during the thoracoscopic operation for metastatic lung tumors.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

[Surgery for metastatic lung tumors at our department during the last ten years].

We report on 86 cases (112 operations) who underwent surgery for metastatic lung tumors at our department during the last 10 years. The study subjects comprised 53 men and 33 women, and the average age was 51 (+/- 19) years. Of the 112 metastatectomies performed, 53 were conducted by video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS), and 59 were performed via thoracotomy. The procedures employed for metastatectomy were lobectomy (22 cases), segmentectomy (4 cases), and partial resection. wedge resection (86 cases). The primary origin of the metastatic tumors was colorectal carcinoma in 22 cases, osteosarcoma in 13 cases, renal carcinoma in 10 cases, and breast carcinoma in 6 cases. The 5-year survival rates in subjects undergoing first and second resection for pulmonary metastases were 46% and 44%. Metastatectomy was performed 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7 times in 73, 7, 1, 2, 2, 1 cases, respectively. The average number and maximum diameter of the metastatic pulmonary lesions at first metastatectomy were 1.9 and 27.6 mm. Metastatectomy is performed, as a rule, by VATS at our department, because the more highly invasive thoracotomy procedure influences the activity of the cancer cells in a suspended phase in an unfavorable manner. Furthermore, we believe that to the maximum extent possible, re-metastatectomy should also be performed by VATS. The survival rates at our institution have been satisfactory, and we attribute this to our following strict indications for metastatectomy. Re-metastatectomy should always be considered, as the survival rates are as favorable as those following the first metastatectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Long-term results of atriopulmonary fontan connection for complex cardiac anomalies].

To evaluate the long-term results of atriopulmonary Fontan connection, we reviewed the outcome of 20 consecutive patients (single ventricle 8, double outlet right ventricle 8, tricuspid atresia 3, mitral atresia 1; mean age, 13 +/- 11) who underwent this operation between 1981 and 1997 at our institution. Glenn shunt preceded Fontan operation in 1 patient. Four patients had a concomitant bidirectional Glenn anastomosis at the time of the Fontan operation. Follow-up was 100% complete, and total cumulative follow-up of all patients was 241 patient-years (maximum, 20 years). Three hospital deaths and 5 late deaths were observed, resulting in 58 +/- 11% of cumulative survival at 20 years after the operation. Sudden death probably due to arrhythmias was the major cause of the late death, and occurred in 3 patients. Reoperation was required in 5 patients (2%/patient-year) at 1 to 17 years postoperatively. Re-closure of an atrioventricular valve was performed for failure of the valve closure in 3 patients at 1 to 6 years postoperatively. Reconstruction of the stenotic atriopulmonary connection (APC) was concomitantly required in 2 of the 3 patients. Pacemaker implantation was required for bradycardia with atrial fibrillation in 1 patient at 17 years. One patient with atrial flutter developed intraright atrial thrombosis at 12 years after the initial Fontan operation, and this patient underwent conversion to extracardiac conduit cavopulmonary connection with right atrial maze procedure. Atrial tachyarrhythmias are most common complications, and occurred in 12 patients (5.0%/patient-year), resulting in 40 +/- 13% of the cumulative free rate at 15 years after the operation. Thus, failure of the atrioventricular valve closure and stenosis of APC were important early to intermediate complications after the atriopulmonary Fontan connection. On the other hand, atrial tachyarrhythmias were inevitable, and were most common late complications leading to intra-right atrial thrombosis, which was successfully resolved by conversion of the conventional atriopulmonary Fontan anastomosis to extracardiac conduit cavopulmonary connection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Congenital tracheal stenosis due to complete cartilage rings with right pulmonary agenesis].

A 2-month-old male infant with severe dyspnea was diagnosed as having right pulmonary agenesis at birth and was admitted to our hospital after tracheal intubation with an endotracheal tube of 3 mm in diameter. However, the trachea was too stenotic to place the tube in the proper position. Chest X-ray on admission showed pneumonia of the left lung. Preoperative chest computed tomography (CT) scan and bronchoscopy showed that from the level of 12 mm beneath the coricoid cartilage, the trachea tapered and continuing to the tracheal carina and that the smallest tracheal level was located 18 mm distal from the coricoid cartilage, the area of which was 4 mm2. His respiratory condition rapidly deteriorated in spite of intravenous administration of antibiotics and mechanical ventilation. Percutaneous cardiopulmonary support (PCPS) was used to maintain his pulmonary function, and pericardial tracheoplasty was performed. Chest X-ray immediately after the operation did not show left lung reexpansion due to severe pulmonary edema. High-dose steroid pulse therapy was performed, but it was not effective. He died from acute respiratory failure due to infantile respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) on postoperative day 3. The outcome in this case shows that it is very risky to repair tracheal stenosis in a patient with pneumonia using PCPS.

Cardiopulmonary Bypass↗
PubMed2002

[Bronchoscopic treatment for upper tracheal lesions with a laryngeal mask].

A laryngeal mask provides maintaining airway with a larger inner diameter of the tube. A little information is available about bronchoscopic treatment for upper tracheal lesions. Three patients undergoing bronchoscopic treatment for upper tracheal lesions with a laryngeal mask were reviewed. The patients include 3 women, having 2 thyroid cancers and 1 thyroid goiter. The aims of the procedure were hemostasis and reduction of the tumor with subsequent endotracheal stenting in 2 patients, and endotracheal stenting in one patient. The treatment was performed under general anesthesia using a laryngeal mask. All cases were successfully treated without operative and postoperative complications related to the use of the laryngeal mask placement. Use of a laryngeal mask may facilitate insertion and retrieval of a flexible bronchoscope and instruments with an excellent manipulation in therapeutic bronchoscopy for subglottic and upper tracheal lesions.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Status of NAT screening for HCV, HIV and HBV: experience in Japan.

The first nationwide nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT) for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) of voluntarily donated blood after serological pre-screening and before release of cellular components and plasma for fractionation was implemented by the Japanese Red Cross Blood Transfusion Services. The NAT screening assay using multiplex reagent is time-saving, cost effective, and labour-saving procedure for all blood and blood products including short-shelf life platelets. During the 50-mini-pool NAT screening of serologically negative donations (February 1, 2001-April 30, 2001), we were able to screen out 112 HBV-positive, 25 HCV-positive, and 4 HIV-1 positive units from blood and blood components.

Blood↗
PubMed2002

[Initial use of the newly developed voice-controlled robot system for a solitary pulmonary arterio-venous malformation].

We herein report an initial experience of thoracoscopic surgery for a solitary arterior-venous malformation (PAVM) with the AESOP 3000 HR voice-controlled robot to hold a thoracoscope. A 52-year-old woman was hospitalized due to a transient loss of consciousness. A brain magnetic resonance image and electroencephalogram (EEG) were normal. A chest computed tomogram indicated a suspicion of PAVM. The definite diagnosis of the PAVM was made by the 3-dimensional computed tomogram and pulmonary angiography. Thoracoscopic operation with the voice-controlled robot (AESOP 3000 HR) was conducted. The operating staffs were able to assemble the AESOP 3000 HR robotic system safely and quickly without difficulty. The robot functioned without problems throughout the procedure. No complications or events related or unrelated to the maneuvers of the robot during the operation were noted. The procedure of the pulmonary resection with the voice-controlled robot was successfully preformed by a single surgeon. The operating time was 110 minutes, and the volume of the intraoperative bleeding was 10 g. The postoperative course was uneventful. The use of the AESOP 3000 HR robot may be more convenient and friendly in thoracoscopic procedure.

Arteriovenous Malformations↗
PubMed2002

Ascending aortic cannulation via left thoracotomy for distal aortic arch aneurysm operation.

We have cannulated the ascending aorta for cardiopulmonary bypass via left thoracotomy in order to avoid conventional retrograde perfusion from the femoral arteries, which is associated with an increased risk of cerebral embolism. We use silk sutures to retract the anterior margin of the opened pericardium from the chest wall, which provides good exposure and easy control of the ascending aorta. Between July 1997 and November 2000, cannulation proved easy to do and reliable in 24 serial patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Significance of platelet-reactive antibody screening for patients facing frequent platelet transfusions.

It is not clear whether platelet-reactive antibody screening is clinically significant for patients facing frequent platelet transfusions. On the basis of data from 96 patients who had been examined for platelet-reactive antibodies by the mixed passive hemagglutination method for a variety of reasons, we investigated the following three issues retrospectively: (1) the relationship between platelet-reactive antibodies and the occurrence of problems in platelet transfusions, such as refractoriness or nonhemolytic reactions; (2) the influence of a history of transfusion on the production of those antibodies; and (3) the effect of screening for those antibodies on the prompt administration of appropriate platelet components. More than half of the platelet transfusion-related problems were associated with platelet-reactive antibodies. For patients with a history of transfusion, the mean period before a clinical problem occurred with platelet transfusions was 9 days,compared with 66 days for those without such a history. Accordingly, during the period, patients with a history of transfusions received fewer units of platelets and had fewer donor exposures than did patients without such a history. On the other hand, most patients who had been screened in advance for those antibodies received appropriate platelet components without delay, whereas an average of 10 days was needed before those who had not been screened received compatible platelets. The patients who had not been screened were transfused with 68 units of random platelets on average during the period. When frequent platelet transfusions are anticipated, especially for patients with a history of transfusion, screening for platelet-reactive antibodies beforehand would be helpful for prompt administration of appropriate platelets, although problems, such as the cost of those platelets and the burden on donors, remain to be resolved.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

Observation of the isomer effect on charge transfer from C3H4 molecules (allene and propyne) at keV energies.

The apparent isomer effect on charge transfer processes in collisions of the ground-state C+ ions with allene and propyne, which have the same C3H4 molecular chemical notation, has been observed experimentally in the collision energy from 0.2 to 4.5 keV. The difference in total charge transfer cross sections between the two isomers was found to be 32% at 0.2 keV, although it decreases to 10% at 4.5 keV. This difference is out of experimental uncertainty of 14.6% at least below the collision energy of 0.5 keV and should be regarded as a real isomer effect. Theoretical analysis based on a molecular orbital expansion method has also confirmed the experimental finding and provided the rationale.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

MRNA and enzyme activity of hepatic 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 are elevated in C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice.

To evaluate the importance of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD1) in insulin resistant diabetic C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice, we measured the activity and mRNA level of 11beta-HSD1 in the liver of db/db mice and their heterozygote litter mates, db/+m mice. The blood glucose, plasma insulin, and corticosterone levels of db/db mice were significantly higher than those of db/+m mice. Despite hyperinsulinemia, the activity level of this enzyme was significantly higher in db/db mice, and the mRNA level of hepatic 11beta-HSD1 was also significantly higher in db/db mice. Since hepatic 11beta-HSD1 in vivo mainly functions as 11-keto-reductase and does not work as 11beta-oxidase, these results suggest that the rate of hepatic conversion of 11-dehydrocorticosterone to corticosterone is increased in db/db mice, resulting in higher glucocorticoid activity in the liver. The increased hepatic corticosterone concentration due to the elevation of 11beta-HSD1 and high plasma corticosterone concentration may antagonize the action of insulin and cause insulin resistance. These findings have a potentially important implication for relationships between increased hepatic 11beta-HSD1 and insulin resistance in db/db mice. The present paper is the first to demonstrate the increased activities and mRNA level of hepatic 11beta-HSD1 in db/db mice.

11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1↗
PubMed2001

Identification of AF17 as a downstream gene of the beta-catenin/T-cell factor pathway and its involvement in colorectal carcinogenesis.

To elucidate the molecular mechanism of colorectal carcinogenesis, we have been attempting to isolate genes involved in the beta-catenin/T-cell factor pathway. In the experiments reported here, analysis by cDNA microarray indicated that AF17, a fusion partner of the MLL gene in acute leukemias with t(11;17)(q23;q21), was transactivated according to accumulation of beta-catenin. Expression of AF17 was significantly enhanced in 8 of the 12 colorectal cancer tissues examined. Introduction of a plasmid designed to express AF17 stimulated growth of NIH3T3 cells, and fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis indicated that the AF17 regulation of cell-cycle progression was occurring mainly at the G(2)-M transition. Our results suggest that the AF17 gene product is likely to be involved in the beta-catenin-T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor signaling pathway and to function as a growth-promoting, oncogenic protein. These findings should aid development of new strategies for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of colon cancers and acute leukemias by clarifying the pathogenesis of these conditions.

3T3 Cells↗