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S Salinari

Publications and source records attributed to S Salinari.

22 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

Peristalsis in distal colon of the rabbit: an analysis of mechanical events.

The mechanical behavior of isolated segments of rabbit distal colon was studied by experimental and theoretical techniques. The isometric isovolumic preparation was adopted to obtain records of endoluminal pressure, force, and wall morphology during 59 spontaneous and 53 electrostimulated peristaltic contractions. On strips of longitudinal and circular muscle, excised from the same segments, the tension-velocity and tension-length relationships were also measured. To describe mechanical events occurring during propulsion, a mathematical model was developed that incorporates the measured characteristics of the muscle. In response to given waveforms for the activation of the two muscular coats, the solution of model equations provides the time courses of pressure, force, and wall morphology. A number of parameters measured in the experimental contractions (e.g., pressure and force peaks, time lag between the stimulus and the peaks, velocity of progression of the peristaltic wave) were compared with model outputs, and a similar pattern of response was found. Therefore the model made it possible to relate segment and strip experimental data and to investigate the temporal and quantitative relationship between the contraction of longitudinal and circular layer.

Animals↗

Pharmacokinetic analysis of dodecanedioic acid in humans from bolus data.

BACKGROUND: Excretion and tissue uptake of dodecanedioic acid (C12), a proposed alternative fuel substrate, was investigated in humans by bolus experiments. METHODS: Seven overnight-fasting healthy male volunteers received i.v. a bolus (1 g) of C12. Blood samples were collected after C12 administration at intervals of 15 minutes, and C12 serum concentration was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. C12 excretion in 24-hour urine was measured. Binding of C12 in human serum was determined in separate equilibrium dialysis experiments by means of an isotopic compound (disodic salt of (1,12)14C-dodecanedioic acid). A two-compartment model was used for describing C12 kinetics. RESULTS: The excreted amount of C12 in 24-hour urine was found to be, on the average, 1.62% of administered dose. The apparent number of binding sites per albumin molecule was 3.1 +/- 0.2 (estimate +/- SE) with an affinity constant of 6.4 +/- 1.8 mM-1. The distribution volume of central compartment was 5.56 +/- 3.13 L and that of peripheral compartment was 87.4 +/- 30.4 L. The rate constant of exchange between compartments was 4.60 +/- 3.50 L/min, that or urinary excretion 25.6 +2- 15.5 mL/min, and that of tissue uptake 2.17 +/- 0.86 L/min. CONCLUSIONS: These results are promising for C12 utilization in parenteral nutrition, because C12 elimination in urine is low whereas tissue uptake appears to be rather efficient.

Binding Sites↗

Pharmacokinetics of sebacic acid in rats.

The pharmacokinetics of disodium sebacate (Sb) was studied in Wistar rats of both sexes. Sebacate was administered either as intra-peritoneal (i.p.) bolus (six doses ranging from 10 mg to 320 mg) or as oral bolus (two doses: 80 and 160 mg). Plasma and urinary concentrations of Sb and urinary concentrations of Sb and its products of beta-oxidation (suberic and adipic acids) were measured by an improved method using gas-liquid chromatography/mass-spectrometry. A single compartment with two linear elimination routes was selected after no increase in significance was shown by an additional compartment and after a saturable mechanism was found to be unsuitable. Both renal and non-renal elimination parameters were obtained by Marquardt non linear fitting of plasma concentrations together with urinary elimination. The data reported are calculated from the analysis on the whole population of rats and referred to an average body weight (bw) of 100 g. The Sb half-time was 31.5 min. The tissue elimination rate was 0.0122 min-1. The overall volume of distribution was found to be 26.817 ml/100 g bw. The renal clearance was 0.291 ml/min/100 g of bw, which is much less than the value of GFR reported in literature (about 1 ml/min/100 g bw), suggesting the presence of Sb reabsorption from the ultrafiltrate. The value of Sb renal clearance was found to be a concentration-independent function, suggesting the presence of a passive back-diffusion. The relative bioavailability of the oral form compared to the i.p. form was 69.09%, showing a good absorption of the drug.

Administration, Oral↗