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Biomedical subjects

S Sailer

Publications and source records attributed to S Sailer.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Primary biliary liver cirrhosis].

Primary biliary cirrhosis, or chronic destructive nonsuppurative cholangitis, is a condition of chronic cholestasis, in which small intrahepatic bile ducts in the portal zones of the liver become progressively destroyed. The etiology of primary biliary cirrhosis is unknown, but the observation of (a) mitochondrial antibody, (b) elevated serum levels of IgM and (c) circulating immune complexes and (d) impaired lymphocyte transformation (- cooperation) strongly suggest, that disordered immune responses play a major role in the initiation or progression of this chronic hepatic lesion.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1982

[Comparative treatment of gastroduodenal haemorrhage with secretin and cimetidine].

In a prospective multicenter study 71 patients with acute, non-arterial gastroduodenal haemorrhage from ulcers or stress lesions were treated alternately with synthetic secretin (Hoe 0690 (n = 35) or with cimetidine (n = 36). Both medications were given by infusion over 48 hours. Prior to commencement of treatment the haemorrhage was verified gastroscopically. During infusion of secretin cessation of hemorrhage was achieved without recurrence in 30 out of the 35 patients within the 48-hour infusion time and in 3 patients with recurrence within the same period. Two patients failed to obtain discontinuation of haemorrhage within the infusion period. Cimetidine led to cessation of haemorrhage without recurrence within 48 hours in 20 out of 3 patients, 3 patients had recurrences. Haemorrhages could not be arrested in 13 patients within the two-day treatment period. Differences between success of treatment among the two groups are significant (P less than 0.01) favouring secretin.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effect of treatment of the concentration of lipoproteins and the postheparin-lipolytic activity in the plasma of noninsulin-dependent diabetics.

To study the effect of treatment on plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentration and on postheparin-lipolytic activity (PHLA) in plasma, 26 noninsulin-dependent diabetics were investigated who were treated with maximally effective doses of glibenclamide. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: In group I, glibenclamide was replaced by a long-acting insulin preparation given once daily at variable doses until satisfactory metabolic control was achieved. In group II, glibenclamide was replaced by placebo. At weeks 0, 1, 3, 7, and 12 after change of treatment, the following parameters were determined: Blood glucose, plasma concentrations of cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, HDL cholesterol, very-low-density lipoproteins, intermediate-density lipoproteins, low density lipoproteins, high-density lipoproteins2 (HDL2), HDL3 and PHLA. At week 0, no statistically significant differences existed between group I and group II with respect to all parameters mentioned above. The replacement of glibenclamide by insulin resulted in a continuous decrease of blood glucose (p less than 0.01) with a concomitant increase in HDL2 (p less than 0.01) and in PHLA (p less than 0.01) during the period of investigation. In contrast, replacement of glibenclamide by placebo exerted no significant influence on all determined parameters during 12 weeks. These data suggest that in noninsulin-dependent diabetics, who are inadequately controlled by sulfonylureas, an adequate insulin substitution is necessary to correct, apart from glucose metabolism, the impaired lipoprotein metabolism of diabetes mellitus. Sulfonylureas per se seem not to decrease the HDL2 fraction nor the PHLA.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Concentrations of the main lipoprotein density classes in disturbances of thyroid function in man (author's transl)].

The concentrations of the main lipoprotein density classes and the postheparin lipolytic activity (PHLA) were determined in the plasma of 12 hyperthyroid and eight hypothroid patients in comparison with 12 euthyroid, metabolically healthy individuals. Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and high-density lipoproteins2 (HDL2) were decreased in hyperthyreosis (p less than 0.01) and increased in hypothyreosis (p less than 0.01). No significant differences could be detected with respect to the concentrations of very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) as well as for HDL3, whereas intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL) were higher in hypothyreotics than in controls (p less than 0.05). PHLA was increased in hyperthyreosis (p less than 0.01) and decreased in hypothyreosis (p less than 0.01). The chemical composition of LDL and HDL2 as well as the apolipoprotein composition of the protein moiety of HDL2 in hyperthyreosis and in hypothyreosis did not significantly differ from those in the control group. When data from all individuals studied were analyzed, no significant relationship could be detected between the concentrations of VLDL and HDL2, whereas HDL2 and PHLA correlated in a negative manner (p less than 0.05). It is suggested that HDL2, in addition to LDL, acts as carrier protein for the cholesterol increasingly yielded in hypothyreosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Lipoprotein patterns in diet, sulphonylurea, and insulin treated diabetics.

In order to study the lipoprotein pattern in diabetes mellitus, plasma lipoproteins were isolated by rate zonal centrifugation in 12 control subjects (median fasting blood glucose level: 80 mg/dl (range: 74-86)), 14 diabetic patients treated by diet alone 104 mg/dl (76-153), 27 patients treated by diet plus insulin (180 mg/dl (106-404)), and 32 patients treated by diet plus sulphonylurea [178 mg/dl (103-361)]. No significant differences of median relative body weight existed between the four groups. Neither the diabetic group on diet alone nor the insulin-treated group differed significantly from control subjects with respect to lipid and lipoprotein concentrations. Diabetics treated with diet plus sulphonylurea, however, differed significantly from the control group with regard to the following parameters (median and range); plasma triglycerides (210 [75-620) mg/dl; p less than 0.01)] and intermediate density lipoproteins (65 (10-338) mg/dl; p less than 0.05)) were higher; low density lipoproteins (236 (82-418) mg/dl; p less than 0.05)) and high density lipoproteins2 (HDL2) [51 (12-121) mg/dl; p less than 0.01)] concentrations were lower. When data from all 85 studied individuals were analysed together, significant positive correlations were observed between fasting blood glucose and plasma triglyceride concentration (r = 0.28, p less than 0.01), and between fasting blood glucose and plasma very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) (r = 0.23, p less than 0.05). A negative correlation was found between blood glucose and plasma HDL2 (r = -0.29, p less than 0.01). In addition, VLDL correlated negatively with HDL2 (r = -0.89, p less than 0.001) but not with plasma HDL3 concentration. It is concluded that the deranged lipoprotein metabolism in diabetes mellitus may be better controlled by insulin than by sulphonylureas.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Clinical studies of familial hereditary factor VII deficiency (author's transl)].

The discovery of a severe factor VII deficiency with increased bleeding tendency resulted in investigations of 22 members of the family. In the propositus and in two of his siblings a severe hypoproconvertinemia was demonstrated, a partial deficiency was found in ten persons. Studies of the family confirmed that this disorder is transmitted by an autosomal gene with intermediate penetrance. The mutated gene produces a severe deficiency in the homozygote and partial deficiency in the heterozygote. The parents of the homozygote patients were consanguineous. Hemorrhagic diathesis was noted only in patients with a severe factor VII deficiency. Causes for the variability of the clinical manifestations are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Glucosuria of pregnancy: frequency of diabetes mellitus and renal glucosuria (author's transl)].

From 1974 to 1979 352 pregnant women were referred to our diabetic outpatient clinic because of glycosuria during pregnancy. In 118 women (34%) oral glucose tolerance tests revealed a pathologic glucose tolerance. In 234 pregnant women (66%) a "renal glycosuria of pregnancy" was found to be the cause for the observed glycosuria. A pathologic glucose tolerance was relatively more frequent in the 3rd trimenon, whereas renal glycosuria was observed to be more frequent in the second trimenon.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1980

Kinetics of glucose handling in renal glucosuria during pregnancy.

Renal glucose titration studies were carried out in eight pregnant women with renal glucosuria and six female controls. it could be shown that the kinetics of renal glucosuria in pregnancy are very similar to familial renal glucosuria of type A. The tubular maximum of glucose reabsorption was lowered in our pregnancies to about the half. The data obtained clearly indicate that the renal threshold for glucose can be lowered significantly in humans by a still unknown endogenous factor.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Acid cholesterol ester and glycerol ester hydrolase activities. Evidence for the individuality of these enzymes in human mononuclear leucocytes.

Hydrolysis of cholesterol oleate and glycerol trioleate was measured in homogenates of human leucocytes at optimum pH of 4.0 and 5.25, respectively. Both enzyme activities appeared to reside in the 15,000 x g, 20-min fraction of mononuclear leucocytes. Solubilization of cholesterol ester hydrolase activity was strongly dependent on the detergent to protein ratio, showing optimal solubilization at weight ratios of 1.0 in cell homogenates and of 3.0 in the 15,000 x g, 20-min fraction, whereas solubilization of glycerol ester hydrolase was independent to protein ratio over the tested range of 0.3 to 5.8. Using a sequential solubilization procedure, about 60% of the granule proteins as well as 88% of glycerol ester hydrolase activity were solubilized at a detergent to protein ratio of 0.3, whereas cholesterol ester hydrolase activity was solubilized from the remaining membranes at a ratio of about 3.0. Thus, the acid glycerol ester hydrolase and acid cholesterol ester hydrolase were related to different proteins. Since solubilization of cholesterol ester hydrolase required drastic treatment, it is suggested that this enzyme is related to a protein within the lysosomal membrane.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1980

[The effect of biguanides on insulin sensitivity of maturity onset diabetics (author's transl)].

The effect of short-term treatment with biguanides on the insulin sensitivity (KITT) of maturity onset diabetics was tested by means of an insulin tolerance test. On the basis of their long-term blood glucose response to biguanide therapy, the patients were classified retrospectively as biguanide-responsive subjects (n = 10) and as biguanide-non-responsive subjects (n = 10). Both group showed the typical marked reduction in insulin sensitivity of maturity onset diabetics. After three days of biguanide treatment, a highly significant (p less than 0.001) increase in insulin sensitivity was noted in the group of biguanide responders, which was significantly (p less than 0.02) correlated with their previous blood glucose response to long-term biguanide therapy. In the biguanide non responders, insulin sensitivity was not significantly altered by biguanides. It is suggested that the blood glucose lowering action of biguanides is due, at least in a definite group of patients with maturity onset diabetes, to a reduction of insulin resistance.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Guanfacine and glucose metabolism.

1. The effect of a single dose of guanfacine 1.0 mg intravenously on glucose metabolism was compared with placebo. Six men participated in the cross-over study. 2. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed 90 min after the administration of the medicaments. Guanfacine had no effect on blood glucose, insulin or the 'Insulinogenic index'.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1979

[A contribution to the cytostatic long-term chemotherapy of polycythemia vera (author's transl)].

From 1967 to 1978 38 patients with polycythemia vera received a long term cytostatic chemotherapy. The results of 14 patients who were given Procarbacin (Natulan) during a mean treatment time of 9 1/2 years are communicated. Two patients showed secondary tumors after 9 or 11 years respectively. The advantages and disadvantages of the various therapeutic approaches in the management of polycythemia in the literature are discussed together with our own experiences.

Female↗
PubMed1979

[Carcinoma of the kidney in hairy cell leukemia (author's transl)].

In a 59-year old man hairy cell leukemia was diagnosed by blood smear, bone marrow smear, and bone marrow cytochemistry 1 year before he died from heart failure. No cytotoxic drugs had been given. Interestingly enough, besides hairy cell leukemia, autopsy revealed a carcinoma of the kidney that had not featured any clinical symptoms.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Activation of adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase by lipoprotein fractions from normals and patients with type v hyperlipoproteinemia.

The effects of the main lipoprotein density classes on the human adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity were studied. A dose-dependent stimulation of lipoprotein lipase activity was obtained for HDL and, to a lesser extent, for VLDL on a constant weight basis. LDL exerted virtually no effect. At higher concentrations, HDL as well as VLDL inhibited the stimulated lipolytic activity. In type V hyperlipoproteinemia, the stimulating effect of VLDL and of HDL was significantly lower, whereas the inhibiting action of HDL was markedly increased.

Adipose Tissue↗